Iyini Isibopho Esingathí Isibopho Sebhubho? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Isibopho esingathí isibopho sebhubho yinoma iyiphi inqwaba entsha noma engavamile ethuneni lakho lebele elidinga ukuhlolwa yi-dokotela ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lihle noma lingaba yikanseri. Iningi lezisibopho zebele liphuma lingabi yingozi, kodwa ukuzihlola ngokushesha kuqinisekisa ukuthula kwakho kwengqondo nokuthi impilo yakho ilungile.

Ukuthola isibopho ebeleni lakho kungakwenza ube sesaba, futhi lokho kuyinto evamile. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo unezinye izakhiwo nokuhlukahlukana kwebele, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini. Noma kunjalo, uma kukhona okubonakala kuhlukile kwindawo yakho evamile yebele, kufanele ubone udokotela.

Iyini isibopho esingathí isibopho sebhubho?

Izibopho zebele ezingathí isibopho sebhubho yizinto ezinamakhono athile enza odokotela bafune ukuzihlola ngokwengeziwe. Lezi zibopho zingase zibe nzima, zibe yizakhiwo ezingavamile, noma zibonakale ziboshwe ezinhlwini ezizungezile kunokuba zihambe khululekile.

Akuyona yonke isibopho sebele eyingozi. Izibopho eziningi zizimo ezingabi yingozi njengezinhlayiya ezigcwele uketshezi noma ama-fibroadenomas, okuyizinto eziqinile kodwa ezingabi yikanseri. Umehluko oyinhloko ukhona ezintweni ezithile abachwepheshe bezokwelapha abazibheka ngesikhathi sokuhlola.

Okwenza isibopho sibe “singathí isibopho sebhubho” kufaka izinto ezifana nokuthi sizizwa kanjani, ukuthi sikuphi, nokuthi sishintsha yini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokubheka ubudala bakho, umlando womndeni, nezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi uma ehlola noma yikuphi ukushintsha kwebele okuye wakubona.

Ziyini izimpawu zezibopho zebele ezingathí isibopho sebhubho?

Izibopho zebele ezingathí isibopho sebhubho zivame ukuba nezici ezihlukile ezihlukanisa nebele eliqondile noma izibopho ezingabi yingozi. Nanka okungase ukubone okudinga ukunakekelwa yi-dokotela:

• Isibopho esiqinile, esingasusuki esizwakala sihlukile kwizicubu ezizungezile
• Izibopho ezinezindlela ezingajwayelekile noma eziqhaqhazile kunokuba zibe nemikhawulo ebushelelezi, eyingqimba
• Amaqembu azizwa emathele ngokuqinile emshinini wesifuba noma kwisiqephu
• Izibopho ezintsha ezihlala khona kulo lonke isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini
• Izibopho ezihambisana nezinguquko zesikhumba ezifana nokuncibilika noma ukungcola
• Isikhuthulu sesifuba esizizwa ngokuzumayo sikhulu noma siqinile endaweni ethile
• Izibopho eziqhubeka zikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Ngaphezu kwesibopho ngokwalo, ungase uqaphele ezinye izinguquko ezibonisa isidingo sokulingwa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukukhishwa kwesihle kwesihle okungamagazi noma okucacile, izinguquko ebukhoneni noma esimweni sesifuba, noma isikhumba esibonakala sinjengokubukeka kwegobolondo le-orenji.

Khumbula ukuthi isikhuthulu sesifuba siyashintsha ngokwemvelo kulo lonke isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal. Noma kunjalo, izibopho ezihlala khona ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini kufanele zithole ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma zizizwa zihlukile kwizicubu zakho zesifuba ezijwayelekile.

Ziyini izinhlobo zezibopho zesifuba ezimangalisayo?

Abahlinzeki bezempilo bahlukanisa izibopho zesifuba ezimangalisayo ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zazo kanye nekhono labo lokuba yomdlavuza. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho.

Amaqembu aqinile abonisa uhlobo olulodwa olukhulu lwesibopho esimangalisayo. La maqembu azizwa eqinile futhi awasusuki kalula uma ucindezela phezu kwawo. Angaba yizibopho ezinhle ze-fibroadenoma noma ama-tumors angase abe yomdlavuza, kungakho kudingeka ukuhlolwa ngokusebenzisa izithombe kanye ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy.

Ama-cysts amaningi abumba enye indawo edinga ukunakekelwa. Ngokungafani nama-cysts alula agcwele uketshezi okucace kakhulu okuhle, ama-cysts amaningi anamabala amakhulu noma izinto eziqinile ezihlanganiswe noketshezi. Lezi zici zenza kube kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuphenya ukuze kuvinjwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu.

Amaqem ama-calcification abonakala kuma-mammograms njengezinda ezincane ezimhlophe ezihlanganisiwe. Nakuba ama-calcification amaningi engenangozi, izindlela ezithile noma imizimba ingabonisa ukushintsha kwasekuqaleni kwamaselula okudinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngokusebenzisa izithombe ezengeziwe noma ukukhipha amasampula ezihlabathi.

Yini ebangela ama-lumps esifuba angathandeki?

Ama-lumps esifuba angathandeki aqala lapho amaseli ezihlabathi zesifuba eqala ukukhula ngokungavamile noma lapho izihlabathi ezivamile zishintsha ngezindlela ezithandeki. Izimbangela eziqondile zalezi zinguquko zivame ukubandakanya ukuxubana kwezinto ezivela kubuchwepheshe, ama-hormone, nezinto ezingqongile.

Izinto eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekukhuleni kwama-lumps angathandeki:

• Ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic okunethelela ukulungiswa kokukhula kwamaselula, ikakhulukazi i-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2 ama-genes
• Imiphumela yama-hormone evela ku-estrogen ne-progesterone eminyakeni eminingi
• Ukushintsha kwamaselula okuhlobene nobudala okuvela njengoba izihlabathi zesifuba zithuthuka ngokwemvelo
• Ukukhishwa kwangaphambili kwe-radiation endaweni yesifuba
• Imithi ethile efana ne-hormone replacement therapy
• Izinto zokuphila okuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa utshwala nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca

Kwezinye izimo, lokho okuvela njengokungathandeki kungase kube yizimo ezingalutho ezilingisa izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu. Ukutheleleka, ukulimala esifubeni, noma ama-tumors angalutho akhula ngokushesha ngezinye izikhathi angakha ama-lumps aqala ukubonakala ekhathazayo kodwa kuvele kube yilutho olungalutho.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuba nezinto eziyingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile ama-lumps angathandeki. Abantu abaningi abanazo izinto eziyingozi abazange babe nezinkinga zesifuba, kanti abanye abanazo izinto eziyingozi bangase bakhule ama-lumps adinga ukuhlolwa.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngama-lumps esifuba angathandeki?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiluphi uhlangothi olusha noma ushintsho ezihlabathi zakho zesifuba. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokwelashwa okuphumelelayo uma kukhona okuthandeki okutholakele, futhi kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo uma i-lump ivela ibingalutho.

Ungalindi ukuthi isibopho siyaphela ngokwalo, ikakhulu uma sihlala isikhathi esigcwele somjikelezo wokuya exeshini. Nakuba izinguquko eziningi zebele zihambisana nokuhlukahluka okuvamile kwamahomoni, izibopho ezintsha ezihlala khona zidinga ukulingwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi zinjani.

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphuthumayo ezihambisana nesibopho sebele: isikhumba esibomvu, esishisayo, noma esivuvukile; ukopha kombhobho; izinguquko eziqubukele phambili ebukhoneni noma esimweni sebele; noma izibopho ezibonakala zikhula ngokushesha ezinsukwini noma emavikeni.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola isibopho akusho ukuthi unekansa. Izibopho eziningi zebele zilungile, kodwa ukuzihlola ngokushesha kusiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga ekuqaleni lapho ukwelashwa kuphumelela kakhulu. Udokotela wakho angakukhokhela inqubo yokuhlola futhi aphendule imibuzo yakho ethile.

Iyini imikhakha yokusongela izibopho zebele ezimbi?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwezibopho zebele ezimbi, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici zokungena engcupheni akusho ukuthi uzobhekana nezinkinga. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho siqu kukusiza uhlale ulungile ngempilo yebele futhi wenze izinqumo ezicacile mayelana nokukhetha.

Nawa amaphuzu amakhulu okutholakala okubhekwa ngabasebenzi bezempilo:

• Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, lapho izinguquko zebele ziqala ukuba khona.
• Umlando womndeni wekansa yebele noma ye-ovari, ikakhulu kubantu abaseduze.
• Umlando siqu wezinkinga zebele noma i-biopsies yangaphambili yebele.
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic njenge-BRCA1, i-BRCA2, noma ezinye izifo zekansa ezifuywayo.
• Ukuqala kwexesha ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12 noma i-menopause kamuva ngemva kweminyaka engu-55.
• Ukungaze kube nabantwana noma ukuba nomntwana wakho wokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-30.
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-hormone replacement therapy.
• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili nge-radiation endaweni yesifuba.
• Ibele elikhulu njengoba kuboniswe kuma-mammograms.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zingozi zihlanganisa izimo zezofuzo ezifana ne-Li-Fraumeni syndrome noma i-Cowden syndrome, ezandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamalungu. Uma unomlando omkhulu womndeni wemicabango eminingi yomdlavuza, ukwelulekwa ngezofuzo kungasiza ekuhlolweni kwenqubo yakho ethile yezingozi.

Izici zokuphila nazo zidlalela indima, yize umthelela wazo uvamise ukuba mncane kunamafutha nezici ze-hormonal. Ukusebenzisa utshwala njalo, ukungasebenzi komzimba, nokuba sisindayo ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokubeletha kungandisa kancane ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa izinkinga zebele.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zamabala ebele angathandeki?

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngamabala ebele angathandeki yithuba lokuthi angaba yomdlavuza, kungakho ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma kubanjwe ngokushesha, umdlavuza webele unamathuba okuphulukisa kahle, kepha ukulibaziseka ekuxilongeni kungavumela izinkinga ziqhubeke.

Uma ibala elingathandeki liphuma libi, izinhlanganisela eziningi zingathuthuka ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele:

• Ukubhebhetheka kwendawo eya ezinodweni zasekufeni eduze kwesikhumba, esifubeni, noma endaweni yeqhoba
• Ukukhula okuthinta isikhumba, kubangela ukungcola, ukungcola, noma isifo sokuqhaqhazela
• Ukungenela emisipha yefuba noma ezakhiweni ze-ribcage
• Ukubhebhetheka okude kwamanye amalungu afana namagagasi, isibindi, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-tumors engeziwe ebhelini elifanayo noma elihlukile

Ngisho namabala angabi mabi ngezinye izikhathi angabangela izinhlanganisela uma ekhula ngokwanele. Ama-fibroadenomas amakhulu angabangela ukungalingani kwebele noma ukungakhululeki, kuyilapho ama-cysts amaningi angatheleleka noma abangele ubuhlungu uma ephuka.

Umphumela oqondakalayo wokuthola ibala elingathandeki akufanele uhlale ukhunjulwe. Ukukhathazeka nokwesaba kuyizimpendulo ezivamile, futhi lezi mizwa zingathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke nobudlelwano bakho. Ukuba nesistimu yokusekela nokusebenza nabaphakeli bezempilo abakhulumisana ngokucacile kungasiza ekulawuleni lezi zinselele zomzwelo.

Kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, inqubo yokuhlola amasampula ezihlahleni ngokwayo ingabangela izinkinga ezincane njengokuphuza igazi, ukutheleleka, noma ukushintsha okwesikhashana kokuzwa kwesifuba. Kodwa-ke, lezi zingciphi ziphansi kakhulu futhi zingekho ngaphezu kokubaluleka kokuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuvimbela izicubu ezinobuhlungu ebeleni?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izicubu ezinobuhlungu ebeleni ekuthuthukiseni, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho nokuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuvimbela kugxile ekukhetheni indlela yokuphila nokuba ophapheme mayelana nokuchuba kwezicubu zebele.

Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kuzokusiza ukuba uqonde ukuthi amabele akho azizwa kanjani ngokujwayelekile, okwenza kube lula ukuqaphela lapho kukhona okuhlukile. Yenza lezi zihloko unyanga ngamunye, kungcono izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho lapho izingqimba zebele zingathandeki futhi zifuvukile.

Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila okungasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yakho kuhlanganisa:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca okuvamile
• Ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kungaphezu kwesinye isiphuzo ngosuku
• Ukuba nomsebenzi womzimba okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yokuzivocavoca okumaphakathi masonto onke
• Ukubopha izingane zakho uma kungenzeka, njengoba lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo zokuvikela
• Ukuqondana ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho ngokwelashwa kwehomoni
• Ukugwema ukukhishwa komlilo okungadingekile lapho kungenzeka

Kubantu abanobungozi obukhulu be-genetic, izinyathelo zokuvikela zingase zihlanganise ukuhlolwa okukhulu nge-MRI ngaphezu kwe-mammograms, noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa okuvimbelayo ezimweni ezinzima. Ukuxhumana nge-genetic kungakusiza ukuqonda lezi zinketho uma unomlando omkhulu womndeni.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela akuyona into eqinisekile, futhi izicubu eziningi zebele zithuthuka naphezu kokukhetha indlela yokuphila enempilo. Isici esibalulekile ukuxuba amasu okuqeda ingozi ngokuhlinzwa okuvamile nokunakekelwa okusheshayo kunoma yikuphi ukushintsha kwebele okuqaphela.

Izicubu ezinobuhlungu ebeleni zihlonzwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga amaqhubu amabele angathí sina kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ngempela uhlobo lweqhubu olulile onalo nokuthi luyafuna ukwelashwa yini. Inqubo ivame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba bese iqhubekela ekuhlolweni kwezithombe kanye mhlawumbe ekutholeni amasampula ezinhlangothini.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlolwa okuphelele kwebele, efuna amaqhubu, ahlole ama-lymph nodes, futhi abuke noma yikuphi ukushintsha okubonakalayo oluswini lwakho lwebele noma esimweni. Bayokubuzisa ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni, nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo engase ithonye inhlangothi yebhele.

Izifundo zezithombe zinikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yenhlangothi yakho yebhele futhi zisize ukuchaza noma yimaphi amaqhubu atholakele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa:

• I-Mammography isebenzisa i-X-rays ephansi ukuze idale izithombe zebele ezinemininingwane
• I-Breast ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlukanisa amaqhubu aqinile kuma-cysts agcwele uketshezi
• I-MRI inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane kakhulu isebenzisa ama-magnetic fields kanye ne-contrast dye
• I-Tomosynthesis idala izithombe ze-mammogram ze-3D ukuze kubonakale kangcono i-lump

Uma izifundo zezithombe zikhombisa izici ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuba wenze i-biopsy ukuhlola amasampula enhlangothi ngaphansi komkhiqizo. I-Core needle biopsy iyindlela evamile kakhulu, isebenzisa unhlangothi oluthambile ukususa amasampula amancane enhlangothi ngenkathi uvuke nge-anesthesia yendawo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho i-needle biopsy ingasebenzi khona noma ayinike izimpendulo ezicacile, i-surgical biopsy ingase idingeke. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa yonke i-lump noma isampula enkulu yenhlangothi enkambweni yokuhlinzwa kwabaphethwe ngaphandle ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo noma enkulu.

Inqubo yonke yokuxilonga ivame ukuthatha amasonto ambalwa kusukela ekuhlolweni kokuqala kuya kwimiphumela yokugcina. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokukhokhela kuzo zonke izinyathelo futhi likuchazele ukuthi yini okulindelekile endleleni.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwamaqhubu amabele angathí sina?

Ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo zebele ezingathí sina kuncike ngokuphelele kulokho okuvezwe yi-diagnostic tests mayelana nohlobo lwesibopho sakho. Uma isibopho siphuma sibe yi-benign, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokulandelela njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alushintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngezinhlobo zebele ezingathí sina ezingabangela ukungakhululeki noma ukukhathazeka, izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:

• Ukususa ngokusebenza uma isibopho sikhulu noma sikhathaza
• Izindlela zokukhipha amanzi e-cysts ezinzima ezibangela ubuhlungu
• Imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu noma imiphumela ye-hormonal
• Ukubuka okuqhubekayo kokulandelela izinguquko

Uma isibopho siphuma sibe yi-cancerous, uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzolungiswa ngohlobo oluthile nesigaba se-cancer elitholiwe. Ithimba lakho le-oncology lizocubungula izinto ezinjengosayizi we-tumor, isimo se-hormone receptor, nokuthi i-cancer isakazeke yini kuma-lymph nodes.

Ukwelashwa kwe-cancer kuvame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezinjengokusebenza ukususa i-tumor, i-chemotherapy yokubhubhisa amaseli e-cancer kulo lonke umzimba wakho, i-radiation therapy yokususa amaseli e-cancer asale endaweni yebele, ne-hormone therapy uma i-cancer yakho iphendula kuma-hormones.

Izindlela ezintsha eziqondiswe kubantu ziyatholakala ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-breast cancer ezinamakhono athile e-genetic. Le mi-thi isebenza ngokuhlukile kunokwelashwa okuvamile kwe-chemotherapy futhi ngokuvamile inezinhlangothi ezingaphansi ngenkathi iphumelela kakhulu.

Phakathi nokwelashwa, uzosebenza nethimba le-multidisciplinary elingafaka ochwepheshe be-surgery, ochwepheshe be-medical oncology, ochwepheshe be-radiation oncology, ootitshala, nabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle abakhethekile ekusekweni abantu ngokwelashwa kwe-cancer.

Ungayilawula kanjani izinhlobo zebele ezingathí sina ekhaya?

Ngesikhathi ulinde ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha noma phakathi nokwelashwa, kunezinto eziningi ongenza zona ekhaya ukulawula ukungakhululeki nokusekela impilo yakho yonke. Noma kunjalo, ukunakekelwa ekhaya akufanele luze luse indawo yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nokwelashwa.

Ukuze ukhululeke ngokomzimba, ungazama ukugqoka i-bra efanele kahle, esekela futhi engabekisi ngamandla endaweni yeqhubu. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukusebenzisa izikhwama ezishisayo noma ezipholile kusiza ebuhlungwini, nakuba kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho ukuthi iyiphi izinga lokushisa elifanele isimo sakho.

Ukuphatha ukukhathazeka noxinzelelo kubalulekile ngalesi sikhathi:

• Zama imisebenzi yokuphefumula okujulile noma ukucamngca ukuze uhlale uzolile
• Gcina umkhuba wakho ojwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka
• Khuluma nabangane noma amalungu omndeni obathembayo ngezinkinga zakho
• Khawufinyelele ukusesha kwi-inthanethi, okungandisa ukukhathazeka ngolwazi oluyisikhathi
• Cabanga ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela impilo yebele
• Gxila emisebenzini ekulethela injabulo nokuphumula

Gcina ulandelela noma yikuphi ukushintsha ngobukhulu, ukuma, noma izimpawu ezihambisana neqhubu lakho. Bhala phansi imibuzo njengoba ivela kuwe ukuze ukwazi ukuyixoxa nomhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ekuhlanganyeleni kwakho okulandelayo.

Gcina imikhuba enempilo njengokudla ukudla okunomsoco, ukulala okwanele, nokusebenza ngokomzimba njengoba amandla akho evumela. Lezi zindlela zisekela isimo sakho sokuvikela nomoya wakho jikelele ngesikhathi esinzima.

Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu

Uma iqhubu lakho liletha ukungakhululeki, izilondolozi zobuhlungu ezingatholakali ngaphandle kwesikripthi njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen zingasiza. Noma kunjalo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma iyiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi uma uhlelwe izinqubo noma usethatha ezinye izidakamizwa.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine kusiza ebuhlungwini bebele, nakuba ubufakazi besayensi balokhu bukhulu. Ukumomotheka okuthambile endaweni kungaletha induduzo, kodwa gwema ukucindezela ngokuqondile eqhubwini.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela kahle isikhathi sakho sokubona udokotela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okulungile kakhulu nolwazi olucacile mayelana nesibopho esifundeni lakho. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuphinde kusize uzizwe ukhulu futhi ulawula isimo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi sokuhlupheka.

Ngaphambi kokubona udokotela, bhala phansi ukuthi uqale nini ukubona isibopho futhi noma yiziphi izinguquko ozibonile kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Qaphela imininingwane efana nokuthi ubuhlungu yini, uma kubonakala sengathi lushintsha ngesikhathi sakho sesikhathi, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinguquko zebele ozibonile.

Butha ulwazi olubalulekile ukuze wabelane ngalo nodokotela wakho:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi oyithathayo njengamanje, kufaka phakathi ukuphathwa kokuzala kanye nezinye izinto ezengeziwe
• Umbukiso womndeni wecala lebele, i-ovari, noma ezinye izifo zekhanda
• Umbukiso wakho wesikhathi, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yokuqala kwesikhathi sakho nesimo se-menopause
• Izinkinga zebele zangaphambili, i-biopsies, noma imiphumela yokuhlola
• Umbukiso wokukhulelwa nokubhebhetheka
• Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphambili kokwelashwa kwe-hormone

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela. Lokhu kungafaka imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ozodinga, isikhathi esizodinga imiphumela, ukuthi yini imiphumela ehlukene ehlukile, nokuthi yini okufanele uyilinde ngesikhathi ulinde imiphumela.

Ekwenzeni ukuhlolwa komzimba, gqoka izingubo ezimbili ukuze ukwazi ukuzisusa kalula kusuka emadolweni. Cabanga ukuletha umngani othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze uthole ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo nokusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokuvakasha.

Hlela isikhathi sakho sokubona udokotela ngesonto ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho uma usakhulelwa. Lesi sikhathi senza ukuhlolwa komzimba kube lula futhi kulungile ngoba inyama yebhele ayibubi futhi ayivuvukali.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nezinhlungu zebele ezimbi?

Okubaluleke kakhulu okufanele kukhumbuleke ngamabala angathandeki esifubeni ukuthi ukuthola elinye akusikho ukuthi unekansa, kodwa kusho ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Amabala amaningi esifubeni abonakala engalima, futhi ngisho noma amabala ekansa, ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kuholela emiphumeleni yempumelelo enkulu yokwelashwa.

Ungavumeli ukwesaba kukuvimbele ekufuneni ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Abahlinzeki bezempilo banolwazi ekulinganiseni amabala esifubeni futhi baqonda ukukhathazeka abakubangela. Bakulungele ukukuqondisa ngenqubo yokuxilonga ngobubele nobuchwepheshe.

Hlala uqaphile ngempilo yakho yesifuba ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwakho siqu njalo, ugcine uqaphele ngama-mammograms okuhlola okuceliwe, bese ubika ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukushintsha kumphathi wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuqapha kwakho kanye nesinyathelo esisheshayo yizikhali zakho ezinhle kakhulu zokugcina impilo yesifuba.

Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa kulolu lwazi. Izigidi zabantu zithola amabala esifubeni unyaka ngamunye, futhi ukuthuthuka kwezokwelapha kwenze ukulinganisa nokwelashwa kube nomphumela futhi kungenawo ubuhlungu kunangaphambili. Themba iqembu lakho lezempilo bese ugxila ekwenzeni izinto isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngamabala angathandeki esifubeni

Ngingawazi kanjani uma ibala lesifuba likansa ngokulithinta nje?

Awukwazi ukuqinisekisa uma ibala lesifuba likansa ngokulithinta nje, kungakho ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, izici ezithile njengobunzima, isakhiwo esingajwayelekile, nokungabi khona kokunyakaza kungenza ibala libe yingxaki futhi lidingwe ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngisho nodokotela abanolwazi abakwazi ukuxilonga ukukansa ngokuhlolwa komzimba kuphela. Bathembela ezifundweni zezithombe nasekusampuleni yethishu ukuze benze ukuxilonga okuchaneka, ngakho ungazami ukuzixilonga ngokuthi ibala lizwakala kanjani.

Kufanele ngikhathazeke yini uma ibala lami lesifuba lihambahamba lapho ngilithinta?

Ama-lumps ahambayo kalula uma uwathinta ngokuvamile awukhathazi kakhulu kunama-lumps aqinile, kodwa asadinga ukuhlolwa yi-dokotela. Ama-lumps ahambayo ngokuvamile ayizimo ezingalimi njenge-fibroadenomas noma ama-cysts, kodwa ukuhlolwa okuqondile kuphela okungaqinisekisa ubukhulu bawo.

Ungacabangi ukuthi i-lump ehambayo iphephile ngokuzenzakalelayo. Noma iyiphi i-lump entsha noma eqhubekayo yesifuba kufanele ihlolwe yisikhungo sezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izwakala kanjani noma iziphatha kanjani uma uyithinta.

Ingabe ama-lumps esifuba angaza ne-menstrual cycle yami?

Yebo, amanye ama-lumps esifuba kanye nezindawo eziqine zingashintsha nge-menstrual cycle yakho ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwama-hormone. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukuxhumene ne-tissue yesifuba evamile esabela amazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone kulo lonke i-cycle yakho.

Kodwa-ke, ama-lumps ahlala khona ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho noma ama-lumps amasha angabonakali ukuthi axhumene ne-cycle yakho kufanele ahlolwe udokotela. Gcina ulandelela noma yimaphi ama-lumps obuqaphela nokuthi ashintsha kanjani phezu kwe-menstrual cycle ephelele.

Kwenzekani uma i-biopsy yami ye-lump yesifuba ikhombisa ama-atypical cells?

Ama-atypical cells kwi-biopsy yesifuba asho ukuthi amaseli abukeka engajwayelekile ngaphansi komkhiqizo, kodwa awuchaziwe njengomdlavuza. Lo mphumela ngokuvamile udinga ukulandelelwa eduze ngezithombe ezivame kakhulu noma ngezinye izikhathi ukukhethwa kwe-tissue eyengeziwe ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile.

Ukuba nama-atypical cells akusho ukuthi une-cancer, kodwa kukwandisa ingozi yakho kancane futhi kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho uzofuna ukukulandela eduze. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizochaza ngqo ukuthi imiphumela yakho ethile isho ukuthini futhi liconsise ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okufanele.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka noma ukulimala kungabangela ama-lumps esifuba angathandeki?

Ukulimala komzimba esifubeni ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ama-lumps ngenxa yokopha igazi, ukuvuvukala, noma ukwakheka kwe-scar tissue. La ma-lumps ahlobene nokulimala ngezinye izikhathi angabonakala engathandeki ezithombeni futhi angadinga i-biopsy ukuze ahlukaniswe kwamanye ama-lumps.

Ukuhlupheka ngokomzwelo kudwa akulibi ngqo amaqhubu ezifubeni, kodwa kungathinta amazinga akho e-hormone futhi kungakwenza uqaphele kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwezicubu zebele ezingavamile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini obona ukuthi iyimbangela, amaqhubu amasha kufanele ahlolwe ngokonyango njalo.