Ukuqhubuka Kwenhliziyo: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo yakho ibetha ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile ngesikhathi ukhulu. Inhliziyo yakho ivame ukubetha izikhathi ezingama-60 kuya ku-100 ngomzuzwana uma ukhululekile, kodwa ngokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo, ibetha ngokushesha ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingama-100 ngomzuzwana.

Lokhu kubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kungenzeka kunoma ubani futhi akuyona njalo into eyingozi. Ngezinye izikhathi inhliziyo yakho iyashesha ngezizathu ezijwayelekile, njengokuzivocavoca noma uma ujabule. Noma kunjalo, uma kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile noma kuzwakala kukukhathaza, kufanele uqonde ukuthi yini engase ibe yikho.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Abantu abaningi abane-tachycardia bazizwa inhliziyo yabo iqhubuka noma ibetha esifubeni sabo. Ungase uqaphele leli themba lenhliziyo elisheshayo ngisho noma uhleli ngokuthula noma ulele phansi.

Nazi izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo lapho izinga lenhliziyo yakho lisheshisa:

• Ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile ongakwazi ukulizwa
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esifubeni
• Ukuphefumula okufushane, ngisho nasemisebenzini elula
• Ukukhungatheka noma ukuzizwa ukhanya
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuhlupheka noma izigameko ezisondelene nokuhlupheka
• Ukukhishwa okuningi kunokujwayelekile
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukuzizwa ungakhululekile

Abanye abantu abaziboni nhlobo izimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma i-tachycardia yabo ilula. Umzimba wakho ungase uhlanganise nezinga lenhliziyo elisheshayo, okwenza lingabonakali kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kuza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi kuphi enhliziyweni yakho lapho izinga elisheshayo liqala khona. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo nezizathu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Sinus tachycardia: Umthombo wemvelo wenhliziyo yakho usheshisa, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokucindezeleka, isifo, noma ukuzivocavoca
• Atrial fibrillation: Izingxenye eziphezulu zenhliziyo yakho zibetha ngokungajwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile ngokushesha kakhulu
• Atrial flutter: Ofana ne-atrial fibrillation kodwa ngezinga eliqondile, elisheshayo
• Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT): Ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okuqala ngaphezu kwamakhamera apompa amakhulu enhliziyo
• Ventricular tachycardia: Izinga elisheshayo eliqala emakhameni aphansi enhliziyo
• Ventricular fibrillation: Izinga eliyingozi, elihlangene elidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha

Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona ngokuhlola njenge-electrocardiogram (ECG). Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile kusiza ukuqondisa indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo.

Yini ebangela ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kungathuthukiswa izici eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela ekucindezelekeni kwansuku zonke kuya ezimweni zempilo eziyisisekelo. Inhliziyo yakho ingashesha njengomphendulo ovamile kwalokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho noma endaweni yakho.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina komzimba noma kwengqondo
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukugula
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi
• I-caffeine noma utshwala obungaphezu kwalokho
• Imithi ethile noma izithasiselo
• Ukubhema noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine
• Amazinga e-shuga egazi aphansi
• I-Anemia (isinyathelo esincane se-iron egazini)
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid
• I-Sleep apnea

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingase zihlanganise isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zamandla enhliziyweni, noma izimo zezofuzo. Lezi zimo zempilo eziyisisekelo zingase zenza inhliziyo yakho ibe lula ekuthuthukiseni izinga elisheshayo.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kungase kubangelwe izimo ezingathi sína njengokuhlushwa yinhliziyo, ukutheleleka okukhulu, noma iziqu egazini emaphashini. Lezi zimo ngokuvamile zihambisana nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile ezenza uzizwe ungaphili kahle.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela inhliziyo yakho iqhubuka njalo noma uma ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Nakuba ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngezinye izikhathi kuyinto evamile, izigameko eziqhubekayo noma ezinengxaki zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka esifubeni
• Ukuphefumula okufushane kakhulu
• Ukuhlupheka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ukukhungatheka okukhulu
• Izinga lenhliziyo eliphezulu kwama-150 beats ngomzuzwana

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ejwayelekile nodokotela wakho uma unezigameko ezivamile zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo, ngisho noma zingathi sína. Ukubheka kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuqondeni noma yiziphi izimbangela eziyisisekelo futhi kunikeze ukuzola kwengqondo.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Izici ezithile zingakwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo. Ezinye zalezi ungazilawula, kanti ezinye ziyisigaba sempilo yakho siqu noma yomndeni.

Izici ezingase zikhulise ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-60
• Umbukiso womndeni wezinkinga zokubetha kwenhliziyo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• I-Diabetes
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukuhlushwa yinhliziyo ngaphambili
• I-Thyroid disorders
• I-Sleep apnea
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-caffeine
• Ukubhema
• Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside

Ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo. Abantu abaningi abanezici eziningi ezingozi abazange bahlangabezane nezingxaki zokubetha kwenhliziyo, kanti abanye abanezici ezimbalwa ezingozi bangase basathuthukise.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Izimo eziningi zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo azikhokhisi izinhlanganisela ezingathi sína, ikakhulukazi uma ziphathwa kahle. Noma kunjalo, uma zingaphathwa noma uma zinzima, ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphompa igazi kangcono kangakanani.

Izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kusuka ezingeni lenhliziyo elisheshayo isikhathi eside
• Iziqu egazini ezingase zibangele isifo sokuqhaqhazela
• Izigameko ezivamile zokuhlupheka
• Ukuqhuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo ezimweni ezinkulu
• Ukunciphisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kusuka ezimpawini

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-tachycardia bangavimbela izinhlanganisela ngokwelashwa okuhle kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza uqonde izinga lakho elithile lengozi nokuthi ungalilawula kanjani ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kungavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izinhlobo zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo, izigameko eziningi zingagwenywa ngokwenza izinqumo ezisempilweni yenhliziyo. Izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu ekutheni uhlangabezana kangaki nokubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.

Imikhuba yempilo yenhliziyo engasiza ihlanganisa:

• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine notshwala
• Ukuhlala unamanzi
• Ukuthola ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, okulinganiselwe
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo
• Ukungabhemi
• Ukuthola ubuthongo obanele
• Ukuthatha imithi njengoba kuqokiwe
• Ukulawula izimo eziyisisekelo njenge-diabetes noma uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo noma ezinye izici ezingozi, ukusebenza eduze neqembu lakho lezempilo kubaluleke kakhulu. Bangakusiza ukudala uhlelo oluqondene nawe lokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo.

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kuqondwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nembali yakho yezokwelapha, bese enza ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola izinga lenhliziyo yakho nezinga. Lokhu kuhlola okuqala kusiza ekuqondeni ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezingase zidingeke.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuqonda ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo zihlanganisa:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Rekhoda umsebenzi wamandla enhliziyo yakho
• Holter monitor: Idivayisi ephathekayo ebhala izinga lenhliziyo yakho amahora angu-24-48
• I-monitor yesigameko: Ofana ne-Holter kodwa igqokwe amasonto noma izinyanga
• Echocardiogram: I-ultrasound yenhliziyo yakho ukuhlola ubukhulu nomsebenzi
• Izivivinyo zegazi: Hlola izinkinga ze-thyroid, ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte, noma i-anemia
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka: Qapha inhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo akwenzeki ngesikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela wakho, yingakho amadivayisi okuqapha angaba usizo kakhulu. Lezi zivivinyo zingabamba izigameko lapho zikwenzeka khona, zinikeze ulwazi oluwusizo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha yokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Ukuphathwa kokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kuncike kulokho okubangelayo, ukuthi kunzima kangakanani, nokuthi kuthinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo ngezinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila, kanti abanye bangadinga imithi noma izinqubo.

Izinketho zokwelapha zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila: Ukunciphisa i-caffeine, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, ukuhlala unamanzi
• Imithi: I-Beta-blockers, i-calcium channel blockers, noma imithi ye-anti-arrhythmic
• I-Vagal maneuvers: Izindlela ezilula njengokucindezela noma ukukhokha ukuze uthambise izinga lenhliziyo
• I-Cardioversion: Umshayeli wamandla ukuze ubuyisele izinga lenhliziyo
• I-Catheter ablation: Inqubo yokubhubhisa izindawo ezincane zethusi lenhliziyo ebangela izinkinga
• I-Pacemaker: Idivayisi yokulawula izinga lenhliziyo

Udokotela wakho uzosisebenza nawe ukuthola ukuxuba okulungile kwezindlela zokwelapha. Abantu abaningi baqala ngezindlela ezilula futhi baye kuphela ezindleleni zokwelapha ezinzima uma kudingeka.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo ekhaya?

Ungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ekhaya ukuze usize ulawule izigameko zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo futhi unciphise ukuthi zivele kangaki. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zihlanganiswe nehlolo lokwelapha lika-dokotela wakho.

Uma uzizwa inhliziyo yakho iqhubuka, zama lezi zindlela:

• Thatha imfutho ebuthakathaka, ejulile
• Hleli phansi uzame ukuphumula
• Phuza iglasi lamanzi abandayo
• Cindezela ngobumnene intamo yakho lapho uzizwa khona i-pulse yakho
• Zama i-Valsalva maneuver (cindezela njengoba uya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini)

Ukulawula isikhathi eside, gxila ekudaleni indawo yempilo yenhliziyo. Gcina umbhalo walokho okubangela izigameko zakho ukuze ukwazi ukuzigwema lezo zimo uma kungenzeka.

Cabanga ukuthwala idayari yesimpawu ukuze uyabelane nodokotela wakho. Qaphela ukuthi izigameko zenzeka nini, ukuthi wawenzani, nokuthi wawuzizwa kanjani ngaphambi, phakathi, nangemva kwalokho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukuza ulungile e-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono futhi akhe uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo kakhulu. Ukulungiselela okuncane kungenza ukuvakasha kwakho kube nomphumela omkhulu.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buthana:

• Uhlu lwemithi yonke nezithasiselo ozithathayo
• Umbhalo wokuthi izigameko zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo zenzeka nini
• Inkulumo yezimpawu zakho
• Imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza
• Umbukiso womndeni wezinkinga zenhliziyo
• Ulwazi mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokuphila

Uma kungenzeka, hlola i-pulse yakho ngesikhathi sesigameko bese ubhala izinga. Lolu lwazi lungaba usizo kakhulu ekubhekeni kuka-dokotela wakho.

Unganqikazi ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani wokusekela. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olukhulu futhi banikeze ukusekela ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kuyisimo esivamile esithinta abantu abaningi ngesinye isikhathi ekuphileni kwabo. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukukhathaza lapho inhliziyo yakho iqhubuka, izimo eziningi zilawuleka ngokunakekelwa okuhle kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi awudingi ukuhlala nezimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Uma ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kuthinta ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho noma kubangele ukukhathazeka, ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho kungakunikeza izimpendulo nokukhululeka.

Ngenhlanhla efanele, abantu abaningi abane-tachycardia bangqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo. Iqembu lakho lezempilo likhona ukukusekela ekutholeni indlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula isimo sakho esithile.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo

Ingabe ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kuyingozi?

Izimo eziningi zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo azilimazi, ikakhulukazi uma ziphathwa kahle. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zingaba nzima, yingakho kubalulekile ukuba noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo ziqondwe udokotela. Ingozi yakho ethile incike kuhlobo lokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo olukhona kanye nanoma yiziphi izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka kungenye yezizathu ezivamile zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo. Uma ucindezelekile, umzimba wakho ukhulula ama-hormone angenza inhliziyo yakho ibetha ngokushesha. Ukufunda izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka kungasiza ekuqedeni izigameko kakhulu.

Izinga lenhliziyo elisheshayo kangakanani elikhulu kakhulu?

Izinga lenhliziyo ekuphumuleni eliphezulu kwama-100 beats ngomzuzwana kubhekwa njengokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo. Noma kunjalo, lokho okukukhathazayo kuyahluka ngumuntu nesimo. Izinga lenhliziyo eliphezulu kwama-150 beats ngomzuzwana ngesikhathi sokuphumula, noma noma yiliphi izinga lenhliziyo elisheshayo ngezimpawu ezinkulu, kufanele lihlolwe ngokushesha.

Ingabe ukuqhubuka kwenhliziyo kungaphela ngokwalo?

Ezinye izigameko zokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo ziyaphela ngokwazo, ikakhulukazi uma zibangelwa izici zesikhashana njengokucindezeleka noma i-caffeine. Noma kunjalo, uma unezigameko eziphindaphindayo, kubalulekile ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuqonda imbangela futhi uthuthukise uhlelo lokulawula.

Kufanele ngiye e-emergency room ngokuqhubuka kwenhliziyo?

Funani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo uma une-tachycardia kanye nobuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumula okufushane kakhulu, ukuhlupheka, noma uma uzizwa sengathi izinga lenhliziyo yakho liphezulu kakhulu. Ngezigameko ezingenazo lezi zimpawu ezinkulu, ngokuvamile ungalinda ukubona udokotela wakho ojwayelekile, nakuba kufanele umbize ukuze uthole isiqondiso.