Ukuthi yini iTapeworm? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

ITapeworm uhlobo lwezinambuzane eziphila esibindini sakho uma udle ukudla okungcolile noma amanzi. Lezi zidalwa ezinezinhlangothi ezilingana nezitebhisi, zihlanganisa udonga lwesibindi sakho futhi zingakhula zibe de, ngezinye izikhathi zifinyelela amamitha ambalwa ubude.

Nakuba umqondo wokuba nembuzane ngaphakathi kwakho ungase ube ukhathazekile, ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame ukwelashwa ngemithi. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele uma bethola ukwelashwa okuqondile kusuka kunikezeli wabo wezempilo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-tapeworm?

Abantu abaningi abane-tapeworm infections abanawo noma yimiphi impawu, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okuqala. Uma izimpawu zivele, zivame ukuba zithambile futhi zingase ziphuthelwe kalula njengezinye izinkinga zesisu.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ezingase zibonise ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm:

• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukugcwala, ikakhulukazi eduze nombilo wakho
• Ukuphefumula noma ukuba nomuzwa wokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla
• Ukushintsha kokudla - ungase uzizwe ulangazela ngokweqile noma ulahlekelwe ukudla kwakho ngokuphelele
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki naphezu kokudla ngokujwayelekile
• Ukhukhula noma izisu eziphumula izinsuku eziningi
• Ukukhathala noma ukuba nomuzwa wokukhathala ngaphezu kokujwayelekile
• Ukubona izingxenye ezincane, ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza okwesundu emathunjini akho ezibukeka njengengqolowa yorayisi

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ungase ube nezimpawu ezibonakalayo kakhulu. Abanye abantu babika ukuzwa okuthile okuhamba esiswini sabo, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Abanye bangase babe nokuntuleka kokudla uma i-tapeworm ibilokhu ikhona isikhathi eside, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuthakathaka noma ukukhungatheka.

Ukuba khona kwezingxenye zezinambuzane emathunjini akho kuvame ukuba yisibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu, nakuba kungase kube ukukhathazeka ukuthola. Lezi zingxenye empeleni yizingxenye ze-tapeworm eziqhekeka futhi zidlulela ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-tapeworm?

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-tapeworms zingathinta abantu, futhi ngayinye inezici ezihlukile kancane. Uhlobo olungase uhlangane nalo kuncike kakhulu ekudleni kwakho nendawo yakho.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-beef tapeworm (Taenia saginata) - etholakala ngokudla inyama yenkomo engaphekwe kahle
• I-pork tapeworm (Taenia solium) - etholakala ngokudla inyama yenkukhu engaphekwe kahle futhi ingase ibe nzima kakhulu
• I-fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum) - etholakala ngokudla iinhlanzi zamanzi amnandi ezingaphekwe kahle
• I-dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nana) - uhlobo oluncinyane kakhulu, oluvame ukusabalala ngokungcola okubi

Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo kanye nezingozi ezingase zenzeke. I-pork tapeworms kufanele inakekelwe ngokukhethekile ngoba ingabangela isimo esinzima kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-cysticercosis uma amaqanda esabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

I-fish tapeworms ingakhula ibe de kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukushoda kwe-vitamin B12 ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-dwarf tapeworms ivame kakhulu kubantwana futhi ingase izandise emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokutheleleka kwangaphandle.

Yini ebangela i-tapeworm?

Ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kwenzeka uma udle ngephutha amaqanda e-tapeworm noma ama-larvae ngokudla okungcolile, amanzi, noma imikhuba emibi yokuhlanzeka. Indlela evamile kakhulu iwukudla inyama engaphekwe kahle noma iinhlanzi ezinamaphakade.

Nazi izindlela eziyinhloko abantu abathinteka ngazo yi-tapeworm infections:

• Ukudla inyama yenkomo, inyama yenkukhu, noma iinhlanzi ezingaphekwe kahle ezizweni ezinamathambo
• Ukusebenzisa amanzi angcolile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingcolile
• Ukuhlanzeka okubi kwezandla, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokugezela noma ukuphatha izinto ezingcolile
• Ukuthintana nezimfuyo zabantu noma izilwane
• Ukudla izithelo nemifino ezingageziwe ezindaweni lapho imfuyo yabantu isebenziswa khona njengomanyolo

Isikhathi sokutheleleka siqala lapho izilwane zidla ukudla okungcolile ngamaphakade e-tapeworm. Izilwane-zilwane bese zithuthukela ezinzwini zezilwane, zenza ama-cysts. Uma udle inyama ethintekile engaphekwe ngokufanele, lezi cysts ziyaphila futhi zithuthukela zibe yi-tapeworms ezindala esibindini sakho.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ungase uthinteke yi-tapeworm infection ngokudluliselwa komuntu nomuntu, ikakhulukazi nge-dwarf tapeworms. Lokhu kungenzeka uma othile onokutheleleka engahlanzi izandla zakhe ngokufanele ngemuva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokugezela.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela nge-tapeworm?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izingxenye zezinambuzane emathunjini akho noma ube nezimpawu zesisu eziqhubekayo ezingaphuli. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuhlale kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kungavimbela ubungozi obuningi.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Izingxenye zezinambuzane ezibonakalayo emathunjini akho
• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo obuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki emasontweni amaningana
• Ukhukhula oluqhubekayo noma ukushintsha kwemikhuba yesisu
• Ukuphefumula okukhulu noma ukugabha
• Izimpawu zokuntuleka kokudla njengobuthakathaka noma ukukhathala

Ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu, funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, ukushisa okuphezulu, noma izimpawu zezinzwa njengokuhlushwa noma izinhlungu ezinzima. Lokhu kungase kubonise ubungozi njenge-cysticercosis, lapho ama-larvae e-tapeworm esabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ungazizwa uhluphekile ngokuxoxa ngalezi zimpawu nodokotela wakho. Ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga ngakho, futhi abahlinzeki bezempilo bakulungele kahle ukuqonda nokuphatha ngokuphumelelayo.

Ziyini izingozi zokutheleleka yi-tapeworm?

Izici ezithile zokuphila nezimo zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okutheleleka yi-tapeworm. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuzivikela.

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu uma:

• Uvame ukudla inyama, iinhlanzi, noma ukudla kolwandle okungaphekwe kahle
• Uhamba ezindaweni ezingcolile noma ezingenayo ukwelashwa kwamanzi okuqondile
• Uhlala ezindaweni lapho ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame khona
• Une-immune system engasebenzi kahle
• Usebenza ezindaweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukungcola
• Unemiqondo emibi yokuhlanzeka kwezandla
• Uhlala eduze nabantu abathintekile

Indawo yomhlaba idlala indima ebalulekile engozini ye-tapeworm. I-fish tapeworms ivame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho abantu bevame ukudla iinhlanzi zamanzi amnandi ezingaphekwe kahle, kuyilapho i-beef ne-pork tapeworms zivame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho ukukhethwa kwenyama noma imikhuba yokupheka inganele.

Abantu abathanda i-sushi, i-sashimi, noma ezinye izitsha zezinhlanzi ezingaphekwe kahle bangase babe nokukhishwa okukhulu kwe-fish tapeworms. Ngokufanayo, labo abathanda inyama eluhlaza okwesundu noma eluhlaza okwesundu bangase babe sengozini enkulu ye-beef noma i-pork tapeworms.

Ziyini izingozi ezingase zenzeke nge-tapeworm?

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-tapeworm kuhlala kuthambile futhi kuphela ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zingabangela ubungozi obukhulu uma zingaphathwa noma uma ukutheleleka kusabalala ngaphandle kwesisu sakho.

Ubungozi obuningi obuningi bungase buhlanganise:

• Ukuntuleka kokudla kusuka kwi-tapeworm ethatha izondlo
• Ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12, ikakhulukazi nge-fish tapeworms
• Ukuphahlazeka kwesisu uma imbuzane ikhula kakhulu
• Ukuvuvukala kohlelo lokugaya ukudla
• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo

Ubungozi obukhulu bungase buvele ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-tapeworms. I-pork tapeworms ingabangela i-cysticercosis, isimo lapho ama-larvae esabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho kuhlanganise nezinzwa, ubuchopho, noma amehlo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuhlushwa, izinkinga zobona, noma ezinye izimpawu zezinzwa.

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-tapeworms enkulu ingase ibe yimbangela yokuphahlazeka kwesisu, okudinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. I-fish tapeworms ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukushoda okukhulu kwe-vitamin B12, okubangela i-anemia noma izinkinga zezinzwa uma ingaphathwa ngokushesha.

Ungavimbela kanjani i-tapeworm?

Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuhilela ukusebenzisa imikhuba emihle yokuphepha kokudla nokugcina ukuhlanzeka okuqondile. Ukutheleleka okuningi kuphelele ukuvimbelwa ngezinyathelo ezifanele.

Nazi izindlela ezisebenzayo kakhulu zokuvimbela:

• Pheka inyama neenhlanzi ngokushisa okuqondile (145°F yeenhlanzi, 160°F yenyama ehlanganisiwe, 145°F yezingxenye eziphelele zenyama yenkomo nenyama yenkukhu)
• Gwema ukudla inyama, iinhlanzi, nokudla kolwandle okungaphekwe kahle
• Geza izandla zakho ngokuphelele ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla nangemuva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokugezela
• Phuza amanzi aphathwe noma amanzi abothelwe uma uhamba
• Geza izithelo nemifino ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingcolile
• Qandisa iinhlanzi ku- -4°F okungenani amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokudla ukulungiselela okungaphekwe kahle

Uma uhamba ezindaweni lapho ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame khona, qaphela ngokukhethekile ngemithombo yokudla namanzi. Namathela ekudleni okuphekwe kahle neziphuzo ezivaliwe uma kungenzeka.

Uma uthanda izitsha ezifana ne-sushi noma i-sashimi, khetha izindawo zokudlela ezidumile ezilandela imikhuba efanele yokuphepha kokudla. Izindawo eziningi zokudlela ziqandisa iinhlanzi zazo ngokufanele ukuze zibulale izilwane-zilwane ezingase zibe khona.

I-tapeworm ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuqonda ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlola amasampula emathunjini nokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho nodokotela wakho. Inqubo ilula futhi ngokuvamile inikeza imiphumela ecacile.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, imikhuba yokudla, nomlando wakho wokuhamba muva nje. Uzothanda ukwazi uma uqaphele noma yiziphi izingxenye zezinambuzane emathunjini akho noma uhlangabezane nezinkinga zesisu eziqhubekayo.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuxilonga zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlaziywa kwesampula yomthondo ukubuka amaqanda, ama-larvae, noma izingxenye zezinambuzane
• Amasampula amaningi emathunjini athathwe izinsuku eziningi ukuze kube nokulunga
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola ama-antibodies noma izimpawu zokutheleleka
• Izifundo zokwenza izithombe ezifana ne-CT scans uma kucatshangelwa ubungozi

Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase udinga ukunikeza amasampula amaningi emathunjini ngoba i-tapeworms ayikhulumi amaqanda ngokuqhubekayo. Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise futhi i-tape test ekhethekile lapho i-adhesive tape icindzelelwa endaweni yakho yomhlane ukuze aqoqe amaqanda.

Ezimeni lapho kucatshangelwa khona i-cysticercosis, izifundo ezengeziwe zokwenza izithombe zobuchopho bakho noma ezinye izitho kungase kudingeke ukuhlola ama-larvae kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ukuphathwa kwe-tapeworm kuyini?

Ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kuvame ukwelashwa ngemithi yezokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu ekususeni izilwane-zilwane. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuba lula futhi abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa.

Imithi evame ukubhalwa yi:

• Praziquantel - ephumelela ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-tapeworms
• Albendazole - enye imithi yokulwa nezilwane-zilwane
• Niclosamide - esetshenziswa ngokukhethekile kwi-tapeworms zesibindi

Udokotela wakho uzonquma imithi engcono kakhulu ngohlobo lwe-tapeworm onayo nesimo sakho sempilo jikelele. Ukwelashwa okuningi kuhilela ukudla amaphilisi inani elithile lezinsuku, ngokuvamile phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwamathathu.

Imithi isebenza ngokuphahlazeka kwe-tapeworms, okubangela ukuthi ihlukaniswe odongeni lwesibindi sakho futhi idlule emzimbeni wakho nge-stool. Ungase uqaphele izingxenye zezinambuzane ezifile emathunjini akho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okuvamile ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-stool okulandelayo kuvame ukunconywa emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokwelashwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphelile ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa kwesibili kungase kudingeke uma inqubo yokuqala ingazange iphumelele ngokuphelele.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-tapeworm?

Ngesikhathi uthola ukwelashwa kwe-tapeworm, ungathatha izinyathelo eziningi ekhaya ukuze usiza ukuphatha izimpawu nokusekela ukubuyela kwakho. Lezi zinyathelo zingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelashwa.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokunakekela ekhaya ezisiza:

• Hlala unamanzi ngokunisela amanzi ahlanzekile usuku lonke
• Dla ukudla okulula, okulula ukukugaya njengobhotela, urayisi, namabhanana
• Thatha ama-probiotics ukuze ubuyisele ama-bacteria esibindini esinempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa
• Thola ukuphumula okwanele ukuze usekele i-immune system yakho
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle, ikakhulukazi ukugeza izandla
• Geza izingubo nezinto zokulala emanzini ashisayo ukuze uvikele ukutheleleka kabusha

Ungase ube nezimpawu ezincane ezivela emithini, njengokuphefumula noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. Ukudla imithi ngokudla kuvame ukusiza ukunciphisa lezi zimpawu.

Gcina ulandelela izimpawu zakho nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha oqaphela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lolu lwazi luzoba usizo kunikezeli wakho wezempilo ngesikhathi sokuqokwa okulandelayo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile kakhulu nelenqubo yokwelashwa ephumelelayo. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokuqoqa ulwazi olufanele kusengaphambili kwenza ukuvakasha kube nomphumela omuhle kuwe nakunikezeli wakho wezempilo.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, cabanga ukulungiselela:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwezimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani
• Ulwazi mayelana nokuhamba kwakho kwamuva, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingcolile
• Imininingwane mayelana nokudla kwakho, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama noma iinhlanzi ezingaphekwe kahle
• Noma iyiphi imithi noma izongezo ozithathayo njengamanje
• Izithombe zanoma yiziphi izingxenye zezinambuzane ozithole emathunjini akho (uma kungenzeka)
• Imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa nezinqubo zokuvimbela

Uma kungenzeka, qoqa isampula yomthondo esitsheni esihlambulukile ukuze uyilethe nawe, ulandela noma yiziphi iziqondiso ezithile udokotela wakho akunikeza zona. Lokhu kungasiza ukusheshisa inqubo yokuxilonga.

Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho kusengaphambili ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuyibuza ngesikhathi se-appointment yakho. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise indlela otholwe ngayo ukutheleleka, indlela yokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesikhathi esizayo, nokuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Yini eyinhloko mayelana ne-tapeworm?

Ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm, nakuba kungathandeki ukucabanga ngakho, ngokuvamile kuyizimo ezilashwa kahle ezaphendula kahle emithini yanamuhla. Okubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okuqondile kusuka kunikezeli wakho wezempilo kunokuzimisela ukuphatha ukutheleleka wedwa.

Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuqondile futhi abanawo umphumela wesikhathi eside. Imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-tapeworms iphumelela kakhulu, futhi ubungozi obukhulu bubaluleke kakhulu uma ukutheleleka kubanjwe futhi kuphathwe ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyisivikelo sakho esihle kakhulu ekutholeni ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm. Ngokusebenzisa imikhuba emihle yokuphepha kokudla, ukugcina ukuhlanzeka okuqondile, nokuqapha ngokucophelela ukudla nemithombo yamanzi uma uhamba, unganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bakho bokuthola ukutheleleka.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nokutheleleka kwe-tapeworm akubonisi kabi ukuhlanzeka kwakho siqu noma ukukhetha kwakho kokuphila. Lokhu kutheleleka kungenzeka kunoma ubani, futhi abahlinzeki bezempilo bakulungele kahle ukukusiza uphulukise ngokushesha nangokuphelele.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-tapeworm

Ingabe i-tapeworms ingadluliselwa komuntu nomuntu?

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-tapeworm akunakudluliselwa ngokuqondile komuntu nomuntu ngokuthintana okuvamile. Noma kunjalo, i-dwarf tapeworms ingasabalala ngendlela ye-fecal-oral uma othile onokutheleleka engahlanzi izandla zakhe ngokufanele. I-pork tapeworms ingase futhi idluliselwe uma othile edla amaqanda ezandleni noma ezintweni ezingcolile. Ubungozi ngokuvamile buphansi ngemikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka.

Isikhathi esingakanani i-tapeworm ingaphila ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho?

I-tapeworms ingaphila esibindini sakho iminyaka eminingi uma ingaphathwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zingaphila amashumi eminyaka, zikhula ngokuqhubekayo futhi zikhiqize amaqanda. I-beef tapeworms ngokuvamile ihlala iminyaka engu-15-20, kuyilapho i-pork tapeworms ingaphila iminyaka engu-2-7. I-fish tapeworms ingase ihlale iminyaka engu-10-30. Kungakho ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile uma ukutheleleka kuqondiwe.

Ingabe ngizobona i-tapeworm ephelele iphuma ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ngokuvamile ngeke ubone i-tapeworm ephelele iphuma ngesigamu esisodwa. Imithi iphahlaza imbuzane, futhi cishe uzobona izingxenye noma izingcezu emathunjini akho izinsuku eziningi. Ngezinye izikhathi ikhanda lembuzane liyanyamalala ngokuphelele, kuyilapho ngezinye izikhathi izingxenye ezincane zidlula ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kuvamile ngokuphelele futhi kubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza.

Ingabe i-tapeworms ingabangela umonakalo ophakade esibindini sakho?

I-intestinal tapeworms ayivamile ukubangela umonakalo ophakade ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngemuva kokwelashwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, i-tapeworms enkulu kakhulu noma ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside kungase kube yimbangela yokukhathazeka kwesisu noma ukushoda kokudla. Ubungozi njenge-cysticercosis kusuka kwi-pork tapeworms bungase bube nzima kakhulu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ngokwelashwa okusheshayo.

Kuphephile ukudla i-sushi uma ukhathazekile nge-tapeworms?

Ungajabulela i-sushi ngokuphephile uma ilungiswe kahle ezindaweni ezidumile. Iningi le-sushi-grade fish liqandiswe emazingeni aphansi kakhulu ukuze libulale noma yiziphi izilwane-zilwane ngaphambi kokuba likhonjiswe lilungile. Ubungozi bokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kusuka kwi-sushi elungiswe kahle buphansi kakhulu. Uma ukhathazekile, ungabuza ngezindlela zokulungiselela iinhlanzi ze-restaurant noma ukhethe izinketho ezilungiwe esikhundleni salokho.