Umguluko Wehlombe: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Umguluko wehlombe uqala lapho amaseli ehlombeni lakho ekhula ngokungavamile futhi enza iziphundu. Lesi simo sithinta ibhokisi lezwi, izintambo zezwi, noma ezinye izingxenye zehlombe lakho, futhi nakuba kuzwakala kukhulu, ukutholakala kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kwamanje kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela kubantu abaningi.

Ihlombe lakho lidla indima ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni, ekugeleni, nasekukhuzeni. Uma umguluko uqala lapha, ungathinta lezi zisebenzi eziyisisekelo, kodwa ukuqonda izimpawu nokufuna ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi kungenza umehluko wangempela ekuhambeni kwakho kokwelashwa.

Umguluko wehlombe yini?

Umguluko wehlombe uhlobo lomguluko wekhanda nentamo oqala kumaseli agubungela ihlombe lakho. Ihlombe lakho, elibizwa ngokuthi yi-pharynx ngokwelapha, yitubhu eliqhubeka ngemuva kwempumulo yakho liye phansi entanyeni yakho.

Lomguguko ungaqala ezindaweni ezahlukene zehlombe lakho. Izinhlobo ezivamile kakhulu zithinta ibhokisi lezwi (larynx) noma indawo engaphezulu kwalo. Ngokungavamile, ungaqala ehlombeni eliphezulu eduze kwamathoni akho noma ngemuva lolwimi.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umguluko wehlombe, uma utholakala kwasekuqaleni, uhlala uphendula kahle ekwelapheni. Abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, ikakhulukazi uma umguluko utholakala ngaphambi kokuba usakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ziyini izinhlobo zomguluko wehlombe?

Umguluko wehlombe ngokuvamile uhlukaniswa ngokusekelwe lapho uqala khona ehlombeni lakho. Izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zisiza odokotela ukuthi banqume indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

Umguluko we-pharyngeal ukhula e-pharynx, okuyitubhu elingenalutho eliqala ngemuva kwempumulo yakho futhi liye phezulu kwephepha lakho lomoya. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa iminguluko ye-nasopharynx (ihlombe eliphezulu), i-oropharynx (ihlombe eliphakathi elihlanganisa amantoni), ne-hypopharynx (ihlombe eliphansi).

Umguluko we-laryngeal uqala e-larynx, evamile ukwaziwa njengebhokisi lakho lezwi. Yilapho izintambo zakho zezwi zikhona, kungakho ukushintsha kwezwi kuvame ukuba yisibonakaliso sokuqala salolu hlobo lomguluko wehlombe.

Phakathi kwalezi zigaba eziyinhloko, odokotela bahlukanisa umguluko wehlombe ngohlobo oluthile lwamaseli ahilelekile. I-squamous cell carcinoma yenza cishe u-90% wemiguluko yehlombe futhi iqala kumaseli amncane, abukhali agubungela ngaphakathi kwehlombe lakho.

Ziyini izimpawu zomguluko wehlombe?

Izimpawu zomguluko wehlombe zingaba zimbi ekuqaleni futhi zingazizwa njengezinkinga zehlombe ezivamile. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuphambanisa lezi zimpawu nokubanda okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kokuvuvukala, okuqondakala ngokuphelele.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongaziqaphela:

• Ukukhazimula okungapheli noma ukushintsha kwezwi okuqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamibili
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli ehlombeni obungaphuli ngezindlela ezivamile
• Ubunzima noma ubuhlungu lapho ugula
• Isiphundu noma umthamo ongawuzwa entanyeni yakho
• Ukuhlanza okungapheli, ngezinye izikhathi kunegazi
• Ubuhlungu endlebeni obungabonakali ukuthi buhlobene nokuvuvukala kwelindlebe
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki
• Umoya omubi oqhubekayo ongajwayelekile kuwe

Izimpawu ezingavamile zingase zihlanganise ubunzima ekuphefumuleni, imizwa yokuthi kukhona okuthiwe ehlombeni lakho, noma ukungabi namandla emlonyeni wakho noma ehlombeni.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuba nalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi unemguluko wehlombe. Izimo eziningi zingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo, kufaka phakathi ukubuyela emuva kwesisu, ukwanda kokuvuvukala, noma ukutheleleka okuvela kuma-virus. Noma kunjalo, uma izimpawu ziqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamibili, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho.

Yini ebangela umguluko wehlombe?

Umguluko wehlombe uqala lapho ukushintsha kwe-genetic kubangela amaseli ehlombeni lakho ukuba akhule ngokungapheli. Nakuba singazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, abacwaningi baye baqaphela izinto eziningana ezingandisa ingozi yakho.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko nezinto ezingaba yingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nganoma iyiphi indlela, kufaka phakathi iziqhumane, i-cigars, amapayipi, notshwala olungagqunyiswanga
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukutheleleka yi-Human papillomavirus (HPV), ikakhulukazi i-HPV-16 ne-HPV-18
• Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) esibangela ukuvuvukala kwesisu okungapheli
• Ukondleka okubi, ikakhulukazi ukudla okuncane ezithelo nasezimila
• Ukuvezwa ezimweni ezithile noma izinto ezisebenza
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kwangaphambili ekhanda noma endaweni yentamo

Iminyaka idlala indima, njengoba umguluko wehlombe uvame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50. Amadoda avame kakhulu ukuba nomguluko wehlombe kunabesifazane, nakuba leyo geqe iyancipha njengoba izindlela zokubhema zishintshile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.

Lokhu kushiwo, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi abanye abantu bathola umguluko wehlombe ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezaziwayo ezingaba yingozi. Iminguluko yehlombe ehlobene ne-HPV, ngokukhethekile, ingaba khona kubantu abangabhemi noma abaphuzi kakhulu, futhi lezi zimo empeleni zikhuphuka kubantu abadala abasebancane.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela ngezimpawu zomguluko wehlombe?

Kufanele ucabange ukuya kudokotela uma unezimpawu zehlombe eziqhubekayo eziqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamibili. Nakuba izinkinga eziningi zehlombe azilona umguluko, kuhlala kungcono ukuhlolwa futhi ube nokuthula kwengqondo.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha uma uqaphela izwi elikhazimulayo elingaphuli, ikakhulukazi uma unguguli ngokubanda noma isifo sikagwayi. Ukushintsha kwezwi kungaba yisibonakaliso sokuqala somguluko wehlombe, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhubeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobunzima ekugeleni, ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki, noma ungazwa isiphundu entanyeni yakho. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa ngisho noma ziye zaba khona amasonto angaphansi kwamibili.

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu endlebeni obungabonakali ukuthi buhlobene nokuvuvukala kwelindlebe, umoya omubi oqhubekayo ongajwayelekile kuwe, noma uma uhlanza igazi. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingaba nezinye izincazelo, zifanele ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izinto ezingaba yingozi zomguluko wehlombe?

Ukuqonda izinto ezingaba yingozi kungakusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezilwemi ngempilo yakho. Ukuba nenye noma ngaphezulu kwezinto ezingaba yingozi akusho ukuthi uzoba nomguluko wehlombe, kodwa kungase kukhulise amathuba akho.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingaba yingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nanoma iyiphi indlela, okwandisa ingozi kakhulu
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kweziphuzo eziyi-3-4 nsuku zonke
• Ukutheleleka yi-HPV, manje okuyimbangela cishe u-70% yemiguluko ye-oropharyngeal
• Ukuba yindoda futhi ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Ukuba ne-GERD noma ukubuyela emuva kwesisu okuvamile
• Ukuhlanzeka komlomo okubi noma impilo yezinyo embi
• Ukuvezwa emsebenzini ku-asbestos, uthuli lwezinkuni, noma ezinye izinto ezithile
• Ukudla okuncane ezithelo nasezimila

Ezinye izinto ezingavamile ezingaba yingozi zihlanganisa ukuba nesistimu yokuvimbela umzimba ebuthakathaka, umguluko wekhanda nentamo wangaphambili, noma izimo ezithile ze-genetic. Umlando womndeni wemiguluko yekhanda nentamo ungase futhi ukhulise ingozi yakho kancane.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinto ezingaba yingozi zilawulwa. Ukuyeka ukubhema, ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, nokulondoloza ukuhlanzeka komlomo okuhle kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola umguluko wehlombe.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zomguluko wehlombe?

Umguluko wehlombe ungabangela izinhlanganisela eziningi, kokubili umguluko ngokwawo kanye ngezinye izikhathi ngokwelashwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingaba khona kungakusiza wena neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuba nihlele indlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekelwa kwakho.

Izinhlanganisela eziqondile kakhulu zivame ukuhlobana nendawo yomguluko:

• Ubunzima ekugeleni (dysphagia), okungabangela ukulahlekelwa isisindo nokondleka okubi
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula uma isiphundu sivala indlela yomoya wakho
• Ukushintsha kwezwi noma ukulahlekelwa ilizwi ngokuphelele
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli ehlombeni, entanyeni, noma ezindlebeni
• Ukusa komguluko kuma-lymph nodes aseduze noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba

Izinhlanganisela ezihlobene nokwelashwa zingase zihlanganise ukushintsha okwesikhashana noma okungapheli kwezwi lakho, ubunzima ekugeleni, umlomo owomile, noma ukushintsha kokunambitha. Abanye abantu bangadinga ama-tubes okudla okwesikhashana noma okungapheli uma ukugula kuya kuba nzima kakhulu.

Ngokungavamile, umguluko wehlombe ophambili ungabangela ubunzima obukhulu ekuphefumuleni obudinga ukungenelela okusheshayo. Yingakho ukutholakala kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kubalulekile kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lezi zinhlanganisela ezinzima kakhulu.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lizohlala lisebenza nawe ukuze lilawule noma yiziphi izinhlanganisela ezivela futhi likusize ulondoloze ikhwalithi yempilo yakho phakathi nokwelashwa nokuphulukisa.

Umguluko wehlombe uhlolwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola umguluko wehlombe ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho ehlola ihlombe lakho nentamo. Bazobheka noma yikuphi ukungavamile okubonakalayo futhi bazizwe izipundu noma ama-lymph nodes avuvukile entanyeni yakho.

Uma udokotela wakho ekrotha umguluko wehlombe, cishe bazokuthumela kudokotela wezindlebe, impumulo, nentamo (ENT). Lo dokotela angase asebenzise itubhu elincane, elithambile elinekhamera ebizwa nge-endoscope ukuze abone kangcono ihlombe lakho nebhokisi lezwi.

Ukuhlolwa okuqinisekile kuvela e-biopsy, lapho isampula encane yethishu isuswa futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwesikrini. Le nqubo ngokuvamile ingenziwa ehhovisi lodokotela usebenzisa i-anesthesia yendawo ukuze ikubeke ukhululekile.

Uma umguluko uqinisekiswa, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kusiza ukuthola isigaba nobubanzi besifo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise i-CT scans, i-MRI, i-PET scans, noma i-chest X-rays ukuze kubonwe ukuthi umguluko usakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lingase futhi lihlolwe yi-HPV uma unemguluko we-oropharyngeal, njengoba iminguluko ye-HPV-positive ivame ukupendula kahle ekwelapheni futhi inemibono emihle kakhulu.

Yini ukwelashwa komguluko wehlombe?

Ukwelashwa komguluko wehlombe kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi uhlobo, isigaba, nendawo yomguluko wakho, kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa lizohlala lisebenza nawe ukuze likhiqize uhlelo lokwelapha oluqondene nawe.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlinzwa ukususa isiphundu futhi mhlawumbe ama-lymph nodes aseduze
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla usebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubhubhisa amaseli omguluko
• I-Chemotherapy ngemithi ehlasela amaseli omguluko kulo lonke umzimba wakho
• Imithi ye-Targeted therapy ehlasela izici ezithile zamaseli omguluko
• I-Immunotherapy ukusiza isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba ukulwa nomguluko

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuxuba kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha. Isibonelo, ungase ube nokuhlinzwa okulandelelwa ukwelashwa ngomgogodla, noma ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kuhlanganiswe ne-chemotherapy. Umgomo ukususa umguluko ngenkathi ulondoloza umsebenzi ovamile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Iminguluko yehlombe yesigaba sokuqala ivame ukudinga ukwelashwa okuncane futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokuphulukisa. Iminguluko ephambili ingase idinge izindlela zokwelapha ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa abantu abaningi basaphumelela ngokwelashwa kwamanje.

Iqembu lakho lokwelapha lizohlanganisa ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene abanjengoo-oncologists, abachwepheshe bokuhlinzwa, abachwepheshe bokwelashwa ngomgogodla, nabaphakeli bokusikisela abanjengoo-speech therapists nabachwepheshe bokudla abangakusiza ekuhambeni kwakho kokwelashwa.

Indlela yokulawula izimpawu phakathi nokwelashwa komguluko wehlombe?

Ukulawula izimpawu phakathi nokwelashwa kuyiyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwakho. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lizonikeza isiqondiso esithile, kodwa kunezindlela eziningana ezingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhulu.

Ngobuhlungu ehlombeni nobunzima ekugeleni, ukudla okuthambile, ama-smoothies, ne-soups kungakunikeza ukudla kuyilapho kulula ukulawula. Ukugcina umzimba uthambile kubalulekile, ngakho zama ukuphuza amanzi usuku lonke noma ulekele izicucu zeqhwa uma amanzi ajwayelekile kunzima.

Ukuphumula kwezwi kuba yinto ebalulekile uma ilizwi lakho lithonya. Lokhu kusho ukukhuluma kuphela uma kudingeka nokugwema ukuthukuthela, okungase kucindezele izintambo zakho zezwi ngaphezu kokukhuluma okuthulile okujwayelekile.

Ukulawula ukumile komlomo, umphumela ovamile wokwelashwa, kungasizwa ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yesaliva yemvelo, ukukoma i-gum engenasukela, noma ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ekamelweni lakho. Udokotela wakho angase futhi anikeze imithi ukusiza ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwesaliva.

Ukusekelwa kokudla ngokuvamile kudingeka phakathi nokwelashwa. Uchwepheshe wokudla angakusiza uhlele ukudla okunikeza ukudla okwanele kuyilapho uhambisana nanoma yiziphi izinhlangabezana zokugula noma ukushintsha kokunambitha ongahlangabezana nakho.

Umguluko wehlombe ungavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba akuwona wonke umguluko wehlombe ongavikeleka, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokwenza izinqumo ezithile zokuphila. Isinyathelo esinamandla kakhulu ukugwema utshwala nganoma iyiphi indlela, kufaka phakathi iziqhumane, i-cigars, amapayipi, notshwala olungagqunyiswanga.

Ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala futhi kunciphisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nokungabhemi. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, ukulinganisela kuyisigaba esibalulekile. Kwabantu abadala abaningi, lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho okungaphezu kwesiphuzo esisodwa ngosuku kwabesifazane namaphuzu amabili ngosuku kwamadoda.

Ukuzivikela ku-HPV kungasiza ukuvimbela iminguluko yehlombe ehlobene ne-HPV. I-HPV vaccine icelwe kubantwana abancane futhi inganikezwa kuze kube yiminyaka engama-26, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yiminyaka engama-45 ngemuva kokuxoxa nodokotela wakho.

Ukugcina ukuhlanzeka komlomo okuhle, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezinyo nokuhlanza, kungase futhi kusize ukunciphisa ingozi yakho. Ezinye izifundo ziqaphela ukuthi impilo embi yomlomo ingase ibe nomthelela ekukhuleni komguluko wehlombe.

Ukudla okunamafutha ezithelo nasezimila kunikeza ama-antioxidants nezondlo ezingasiza ekuvikeleni umguluko. Lokhu kudla futhi kusekela impilo yonke nesistimu yokuvimbela umzimba.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungakusiza ukwenza okuningi ngesikhathi sakho nodokotela wakho. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi lapho zaqala khona nokuthi zishintshile kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yenza uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho, amavithamini, nezinhlanganisela. Buye uqoqe ulwazi ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi noma yimiphi iminguluko yangaphambili, ukwelashwa ngomgogodla, noma umlando womndeni womguluko.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela. Ungakhathazeki ngokuba nemibuzo eminingi kakhulu. Kungcono ukuyibhala phansi ukuze ungakhohlwa izinkathazo ezibalulekile phakathi ne-aphoyintimenti yakho.

Cabanga ukuletha umngani noma ilungu lomndeni omethembayo ne-aphoyintimenti. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxiwe futhi banikeze ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo phakathi kwalokho okungase kube yivizithi enesibindi.

Uma uthunyelwe kudokotela ochwepheshe, qiniseka ukuthi uletha noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlola yangaphambili, i-X-rays, noma amarekhodi ezokwelapha angase ahlobene nezimpawu zakho zehlombe.

Yini into ebalulekile ngomguluko wehlombe?

Umguluko wehlombe, nakuba ukhulu, uyaphulile uma utholakala kwasekuqaleni. Isici esibalulekile ukunaka izimpawu eziqhubekayo nokungaze uzilahlise njengokubanda okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kokuvuvukala.

Abantu abaningi baye baphulile umguluko wehlombe futhi babuyele emisebenzini yabo evamile. Izindlela zokwelapha ziye zathuthuka kakhulu phakathi neminyaka, futhi amanani okuphulukisa aqhubeka ephucuka, ikakhulukazi kwiminguluko etholakala ezigabeni zayo zokuqala.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyisivikelo sakho esihle kakhulu ngokumelene nomguluko wehlombe. Ngokugwema utshwala, ukulinganisela utshwala, ukwenza ukuhlanzeka komlomo okuhle, nokugcina ubuyekeza nge-HPV vaccination, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nezimpawu akusho ukuthi unemguluko, kodwa izimpawu eziqhubekayo eziqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamibili zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukutholakala kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu, ngakho unganqikazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinkathazo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngomguluko wehlombe

Umguluko wehlombe ungaphuliwa ngokuphelele?

Yebo, umguluko wehlombe ngokuvamile ungaphuliwa, ikakhulukazi uma utholakala kwasekuqaleni. Izinga lokuphila eminyakeni emihlanu lomguluko wehlombe wesigaba sokuqala lingaphezu kuka-80-90% ezimweni eziningi. Ngisho neminguluko yehlombe ephambili ingaphuliwa ngempumelelo. Umbono wakho siqu uqondene nezinto ezinjengesigaba somguluko, uhlobo, impilo yakho yonke, nokuthi uphendula kanjani ekwelapheni.

Umguluko wehlombe ubuhlungu?

Umguluko wehlombe ungabangela ubuhlungu, kodwa akuyona njalo isibonakaliso sokuqala abantu abasiqaphela. Umguluko wehlombe wasekuqaleni ungase ube nokungakhululeki okuncane noma ubuhlungu obungapheli ehlombeni. Njengoba umguluko ukhula, ubuhlungu bungase bube obukhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho ugula. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abanomguluko wehlombe wasekuqaleni banebuhlungu obuncane, kungakho ezinye izimpawu ezifana nokushintsha kwezwi zivame ukuba izibonakaliso zokuqala ezinokwethenjwa.

Umguluko wehlombe usakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

Umguluko wehlombe ngokuvamile ukhula futhi usakazeka ngesivinini esiphakathi, ngokuvamile ngezinyanga kunangemaviki. Noma kunjalo, isilinganiso singase sihluke kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lomguluko nezinto zomuntu siqu. Iminguluko yehlombe ye-HPV-positive ingase ikhule kancane kunaleyo ebangelwa ukubhema notshwala. Yingakho kubalulekile ukungalibala ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngezimpawu eziqhubekayo, ngisho noma zibonakala zimbi.

Ungathola umguluko wehlombe ngokwenza ucansi ngomlomo?

Yebo, umguluko wehlombe ungahlobana nokutheleleka yi-HPV okudluliselwa ngocansi lomlomo. I-HPV-16 ne-HPV-18, izinhlobo ezifanayo ze-virus ezibangela umguluko we-cervical, zingabangela futhi umguluko wehlombe. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu owenza ucansi lomlomo otholwa umguluko wehlombe. Ingozi ikhuphuka ngabalingani abaningi nezinye izinto ezithile. I-HPV vaccination ingasiza ekuvikeleni kulezi zinhlobo ze-virus ezibangela umguluko.

Umguluko wehlombe uzizwa unjani ekuqaleni?

Umguluko wehlombe wasekuqaleni ngokuvamile uzizwa njengokubanda okuqhubekayo noma ukuvuvukala kwehlombe okungapheli. Ungase uqaphele ihlombe eliqabukile noma elibuhlungu elingaphuli ngezindlela ezivamile, ukukhazimula okuncane, noma imizwa yokuthi kukhona okuthiwe ehlombeni lakho. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zimbi ekuqaleni futhi kulula ukuzilahla, kungakho noma yiziphi izimpawu zehlombe eziqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamibili kufanele ziqaphelwe yidokotela.