Umgilamvu Wesisu? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Umgilamvu wesisu uqala lapho amaseli esiswini sakho ekhula ngokungajwayelekile futhi enza iziphumu. Isiswini sakho yigxathu elincane, elinobukhulu be-butterfly ebusweni bakho, elenza ama-hormone okulawula ukuguqulwa komzimba wakho.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lemigilamvu yesisu likhula kancane futhi liphendula kahle ekwelapheni uma litholakala ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi abane-mgilamvu wesisu bayaqhubeka bephila impilo evamile ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Umgilamvu Wesisu Ungubani?

Umgilamvu wesisu uqala lapho amaseli avamile esiswini esiguqukayo futhi ephindaphinda ngokungenakulawuleka. La maseli angajwayelekile angakha ama-lumps abizwa ngokuthi ama-nodules noma iziphumu esiswini sakho.

Isiswini sakho sihlala phansi komhlane wakho, ngaphansi kwe-Adam's apple yakho. Le gxathu elincane likhiqiza ama-hormone alawula izinga lokugijima kwenhliziyo yakho, ukushisa komzimba, nokuthi ushisela kanjani ama-calories.

Iningi lemigilamvu yesisu liyakwelashwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma litholakala ngokushesha. Amanani okusinda akhuthaza, ngezinhlobo eziningi ezinamanani okuphulukisa angaphezu kuka-95% uma kutholakala futhi kuphathwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini Izinhlobo Zomgilamvu Wesisu?

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zomgilamvu wesisu, ngayinye eziphatha ngokuhlukile futhi idinga izindlela zokwelapha ezithile. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuba enze uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu kuwe.

Umgilamvu wesisu we-Papillary uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, olukhulu cishe ngamaphesenti angu-80 azo zonke izimo. Ukhula kancane futhi ngokuvamile uhlala esiswini sesisu. Lolu hlobo luphendula kahle ekwelapheni futhi lunamanani okusinda aphezulu.

Umgilamvu wesisu we-Follicular ukhulu cishe ngamaphesenti angu-10-15 ezimweni. Ungasabalala kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho nge-bloodstream yakho, kodwa usaphendula kahle ekwelapheni uma kutholakala ngokushesha.

Umgilamvu wesisu we-Medullary uqala kumaseli ahlukile abizwa ngamaseli we-C akhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa nge-calcitonin. Cishe ngamaphesenti angu-25 ala ma-case agijima emindenini, kanti amanye aqala ngokungahleliwe.

Umgilamvu wesisu we-Anaplastic uhlobo oluyimfihlo kakhulu futhi olukhulu kakhulu, oluthinta abantu abangaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-2 abane-mgilamvu wesisu. Ukhula futhi usabalala ngokushesha, okwenza ukutholwa ngokushesha nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zomgilamvu Wesisu?

Umgilamvu wesisu wasekuqaleni ngokuvamile awubangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo, kungakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile. Uma izimpawu zivela, ngokuvamile zihambisana nezinguquko endaweni yomhlane wakho.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile okufanele uzilandele:

• I-lump noma ukukhula ebusweni bakho ongayizwa
• Ubuhlungu ebusweni bakho noma ehlombe olungapheli
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukuguquka kwezwi okuqhubeka
• Ukukhuluphala kokugwinya noma ukuphefumula
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo okungahlobene ne-cold
• Ama-lymph nodes akhulayo ebusweni bakho

Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa izimo ezingelona umdlavuza njenge-thyroid nodules noma ukutheleleka. Noma kunjalo, noma yikuphi ukuguquka okuqhubekayo endaweni yomhlane wakho kufanele kutholwe ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umgilamvu wesisu ophambili ungabangela izimpawu eziningi ezifana nokulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki, ukukhathala, noma ukuguquka ekukhwalithi yezwi lakho. Uma uqaphela noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho.

Yini Ebangela Umgilamvu Wesisu?

Imbangela eqondile yomgilamvu wesisu ayiqondakali ngokugcwele, kodwa abacwaningi baye baqaphela izinto eziningana ezingandisa ingozi yakho. Iningi lamacala liqala lapho kwenzeka ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic kumaseli esiswini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nazi izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zifake isandla ekukhuleni komgilamvu wesisu:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-Radiation: Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation kwangaphambili ekhanda lakho noma ebusweni bakho, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana
• Izinto ze-Genetic: Ukuguqulwa kwe-gene elidluliselwe ezindodeni
• Amazinga e-Iodine: Ukudla okuningi noma okuncane kakhulu kwe-iodine
• Izimo zesisu zangaphambili: Ukuba ne-goiter noma ezinye izifo zesisu
• Ithoni ye-Hormonal: Ama-hormone okuzala, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nezinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzoba nomgilamvu wesisu ngokuqinisekile. Abantu abaningi abanezinto ezingozi abazutholi le gciwane, kanti abanye abangenazo izinto ezingozi ezaziwayo bayazithola.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umgilamvu wesisu ungaba yingxenye ye-inherited cancer syndromes. Lezi zimo ze-genetic zithinta amalungu amaningi omndeni futhi zingadinga izindlela ezikhethekile zokuhlola nokuvimbela.

Ziyini Izinto Ezingozi Zomgilamvu Wesisu?

Izinto eziningana zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nomgilamvu wesisu, nakuba ukuba nalezi zinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola le gciwane. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho siqu kusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba nizenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokukhethwa nokuvimbela.

Izinto ezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane: Abesifazane banethuba elingaphezulu kathathu lokuba nomgilamvu wesisu kunamadoda
• Iminyaka: Iningi lamacala liqala phakathi kweminyaka engu-30-50, nakuba kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka
• Ukukhishwa kwe-radiation: Ikakhulukazi i-radiation yezokwelapha ngesikhathi sobuntwana
• Umlando womndeni: Ukuba nezihlobo ezinomdlavuza wesisu noma ezinye izimo ze-genetic
• Isimo sesisu sangaphambili: Ukuba ne-goiter, ama-thyroid nodules, noma ezinye izimo zesisu
• Ukudla kwe-Iodine: Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu e-iodine yokudla

Ezinye izimo ze-genetic ezingavamile zikhuphula kakhulu ingozi yomgilamvu wesisu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-familial adenomatous polyposis, i-Cowden syndrome, ne-multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes.

Izinto ezingozi ezifana nokuhlala eduze kwezindawo ze-volcanic noma ezinye izinto ezingozi zomsebenzi zingase futhi zidlale indima, nakuba ubufakazi busalocwaningwa.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokugula Kwesisu?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela wakho uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukuguquka okuqhubekayo endaweni yomhlane wakho noma uhlangabezane nezimpawu ezingaphuli ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Ukutholwa ngokushesha kuphucula kakhulu imiphumela yokwelapha.

Hlela i-appointment uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• I-lump ebusweni bakho engapheli ngemuva kwamasonto angu-2-3
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukuguquka kwezwi okuqhubekayo
• Ukukhuluphala kokugwinya okuya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ubuhlungu noma ukukhula ebusweni okungachazeki
• Ukukhuluphala kokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi

Uma unomlando womndeni womdlavuza wesisu noma izimo ze-genetic ezandisa ingozi yakho, xoxa ngezinketho zokuhlola nodokotela wakho ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu.

Ungathuki uma uthola i-lump ebusweni bakho. Iningi lama-thyroid nodules alibi, kodwa ukuwahlola kukunika ukuzola kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zenzeke Ngokugula Kwesisu?

Nakuba iningi lemigilamvu yesisu liyakwelashwa, ezinye izingozi zingase zenzeke noma ngumgilamvu wesisu ngokwawo noma ngokwelashwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kusiza ukuba ulungiselele futhi usebenze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Izingozi ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhebhetheka komdlavuza: Umdlavuza ophambili ungasabalala kuma-lymph nodes noma kwamanye amalungu
• Izinkinga zezwi: Ama-nerves aseduze angase athinteke, abangele ukuguquka kwezwi
• Ukukhuluphala kokuphefumula: Iziphumu ezinkulu zingase cindezela i-windpipe yakho
• Ukukhuluphala kokugwinya: Iziphumu zingase zivimbele ukugwinya okuvamile
• Ukungahambisani kwama-hormone: Ukwelashwa kungase kuthinte ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone omzimba wakho

Izingozi ezihlobene nokwelashwa ngokuvamile ziyalawuleka ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukukhuluphala kwezwi okwesikhashana ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma isidingo sokufakwa kwama-hormone okuphila konke.

Izingozi ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukuguquka kwezwi okungapheli, ubunzima bokulawula amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho, noma ukubuyela komdlavuza. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokulandela eduze ukuvimbela noma ukulungisa lezi zinkinga ngokushesha.

Umgilamvu Wesisu Utholakala Kanjani?

Ukuthola umgilamvu wesisu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziningana, kuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba bese kuqhubeka nokulingwa okuqondile. Udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze aqonde ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona yini nokuthi uhlobo luni.

Inkqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzwa umhlane wakho ngama-lumps noma ukukhula
2. Izivivinyo zegazi: Hlola amazinga e-thyroid hormone nama-tumor markers
3. I-Ultrasound: Yakha izithombe zesisu sakho ukuhlola ama-nodules
4. I-Fine needle biopsy: Thatha isampula encane yethishu yokuhlolwa kwelaboratri
5. Ukubonwa okwengeziwe: I-CT noma i-MRI scans uma umdlavuza uthathwa njengokungaba khona

I-fine needle biopsy yivivinyo elibaluleke kakhulu lokuqinisekisa umdlavuza wesisu. Iyindlela esheshayo eyenziwa ehhovisi lika-dokotela wakho usebenzisa i-needle encane ukuqoqa amaseli ezindaweni ezimbi.

Uma umdlavuza utholakala, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kusiza ukuqonda isigaba nobubanzi besifo. Lolu lwazi luqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha futhi lusiza ukubikezela umbono wakho.

Yini Ukwelashwa Kwegciwane Lesisu?

Ukuphathwa komgilamvu wesisu kuncike ohlobweni, ubukhulu, nesigaba somdlavuza wakho, kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Iningi lemigilamvu yesisu liphendula kahle ekwelapheni, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala ngokushesha.

Izinketho eziyinhloko zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ukususa ingxenye noma konke ukugxathu kwesiswini sakho
• Ukwelashwa kwe-radioactive iodine: Kubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza asale ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa kwama-hormone: Ukuthatha ama-hormone esiswini futhi kungase kunciphisa ukukhula komdlavuza
• Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation yangaphandle: Kusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezithile noma ezimweni eziphambili
• I-Chemotherapy: Igcina izinhlobo ezinamandla ezingaphenduli kwamanye ukwelashwa
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiswe: Imithi emisha ehlasela izici ezithile zamaseli omdlavuza

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha evamile kakhulu, kusuka ekususeni nje isiphumu kuya ekususeni lonke ukugxathu kwesiswini. Udokotela wakho uzoqondisa indlela engcono kakhulu ngokuya ngesimo sakho.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, cishe uzodinga amaphilisi okuthatha ama-hormone esiswini impilo yakho yonke. Le mithi ithatha ama-hormone esiswini sakho ngokuvamile futhi ingase isize ukuvimbela ukubuyela komdlavuza.

Ungazinakekela Kanjani Ngesikhathi Sokwelashwa Kwegciwane Lesisu?

Ukuzinakekela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kusiza ukuba uzizwe kangcono futhi kungase kuthuthukise imiphumela yokwelapha kwakho. Gxila ekusekeleni umzimba wakho nokuphatha noma yiziphi izingozi ezivela.

Nazi izindlela ezibalulekile zokunakekela:

• Landela izinhlelo zokwelashwa: Thatha ama-hormone esiswini ngokuqhubekayo
• Dla ukudla okuhlelekile: Gxila ekudleni okunomsoco ukuze usekele ukululama
• Hlala uthambile: Phuza amanzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
• Thola ukuphumula okwanele: Umzimba wakho udinga ubuthongo obengeziwe ukuze uphulukise
• Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile: Hlala usebenza njengoba ubekezelela ukuze ugcine amandla
• Lawula ukucindezeleka: Sebenzisa izindlela zokuphumula noma ufuna usizo lokwelashwa

Hlola indawo yakho yokuhlinzwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngezimpawu zokutheleleka njengokukhula kobomvu, ukukhula, noma ukukhishwa. Xhumana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu.

Ungangabazi ukucela usizo ngezinto zansuku zonke ngesikhathi uphulukisa. Ukuba nokusekelwa komndeni nabangane kungenza umehluko omkhulu enkambweni yakho yokululama.

Umgilamvu Wesisu Ungavimbeka Kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela wonke amacala omgilamvu wesisu, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho futhi uthole izinkinga ngokushesha. Gxila ezintweni ongaziqondisa ngenkathi uhlala uqaphele izinga lakho lokuthola ingozi.

Izindlela zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Limita ukukhishwa kwe-radiation: Gwema ukubonwa kwezokwelapha okungadingekile, ikakhulukazi kubantwana
• Gcina amazinga e-iodine empilweni: Sebenzisa usawoti olunezinto ze-iodine futhi udle ukudla okuhlelekile
• Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Thola ukuhlolwa komzimba okuvamile okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa komhlane
• Yazi umlando womndeni wakho: Xoxa ngezingozi ze-genetic nodokotela wakho
• Ukuzihlola: Funda ukuhlola umhlane wakho ngama-lumps noma izinguquko ezingavamile

Uma unomlando womndeni omkhulu womdlavuza wesisu, ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic kungakusiza ukuqonda ingozi yakho nezinketho zokuhlola. Abanye abantu abane-genetic mutations elidluliselwe bayazuza ekwelapheni okuvimbelayo.

Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezina-iodine eyanele ekudleni ngokuvamile kunikeza amazinga e-iodine afanele. Iningi lezwe elikhulile linayo i-iodine eyanele ngosawoti olunezinto ze-iodine namathuluzi emvelo.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Appointment Yakho Yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ngesikhathi se-appointment yakho kusiza ukuba uthole okuningi esikhathini sakho nodokotela futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhuluma zonke izinkinga zakho. Ukulungiselela okuhle kusiza futhi udokotela wakho ukuba anikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:

• Bhala izimpawu zakho: Qaphela ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi ziguquke kanjani
• Bala imithi yakho: Faka izinto zokugeleza nemithi yokuthenga
• Bula umlando womndeni: Ulwazi mayelana nezihlobo ezine-thyroid noma ezinye izifo zomdlavuza
• Lungiselela imibuzo: Bhala phansi lokho ofuna ukukwazi ngesimo sakho
• Letha umuntu nawe: Umngani noma ilungu lomndeni angakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi

Imibuzo ebalulekile yokubuza ihlanganisa: Ngiluphi uhlobo lomgilamvu wesisu enami? Ziyini izinketho zokwelapha zami? Ziyini izingozi zokwelashwa? Lokhu kuzothinta kanjani impilo yami yansuku zonke?

Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lifuna ukuthi uqonde isimo sakho futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yini Eyinhloko Mayelana Nomgilamvu Wesisu?

Umgilamvu wesisu uyaphatheka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala ngokushesha, futhi abantu abaningi bayaqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa. Okubalulekile ukungathuki kodwa ukuthatha izimpawu ngokungathi sína futhi ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kudingeka.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola i-lump ebusweni bakho akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo umdlavuza. Iningi lama-thyroid nodules alibi, kodwa ukuwahlola kukunikeza ukuzola kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Ngokuthuthuka ekwelapheni nasezindleleni zokuthola ngokushesha, umbono womdlavuza wesisu uqhubeka uthuthuka. Hlala uqaphile, gcina ukuhlolwa okuvamile, futhi ungangabazi ukuxoxa nganoma iyiphi imibuzo nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Imibuzo Evamile Ebuzwayo Mayelana Nomgilamvu Wesisu

Umgilamvu wesisu ungaphuliwa ngokuphelele?

Yebo, iningi lemigilamvu yesisu lingaphuliwa, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala ngokushesha. Umgilamvu wesisu we-Papillary ne-follicular unamanani okuphulukisa angaphezu kuka-95% uma kutholakala futhi kuphathwa ngokushesha. Ngisho nezinhlobo ezinamandla kakhulu zingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngezindlela zokwelapha zamanje.

Ngingadinga ukusebenzisa imithi impilo yami yonke ngemuva kokwelashwa komgilamvu wesisu?

Abantu abaningi abasuswe isiswini sabo bazodinga ukusebenzisa amaphilisi okuthatha ama-hormone esiswini nsuku zonke impilo yabo yonke. Le mithi ithatha ama-hormone esiswini sakho ngokuvamile futhi isize ukuvimbela ukubuyela komdlavuza. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi le mithi iphephile, isebenza kahle, futhi ikuvumela ukuba uphile ngokuvamile.

Ngingadinga kanjani ukuvakashela udokotela ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Izinhlelo zokulandelela ziyahluka kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza wakho nokuphathwa. Ekuqaleni, cishe uzobona udokotela wakho njalo ngezinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze uhlolwe igazi nokucubungula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma konke kubukeka kuhle, ukuvakashela kungase kube kancane. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuhlolwa minyaka yonke iminyaka eminingi ukuze balandele ukubuyela.

Ngingaphila impilo evamile ngemuva kokwelashwa komgilamvu wesisu?

Ngokuqinisekile. Abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ungasebenza, uzivocavoce, uhamba, futhi wenze konke okwenzile ngaphambili. Ushintsho olukhulu lwesikhathi eside ukusebenzisa imithi yokuthatha ama-hormone esiswini nsuku zonke, okuyinto elula yokuhlala kwakho.

Umgilamvu wesisu ugijima emindenini?

Nakuba iningi lemigilamvu yesisu liqala ngokungahleliwe, cishe i-5-10% inenxusa yefa. Umgilamvu wesisu we-Medullary unoxhumano oluqinile lomndeni, ngama-25% ezimo eziwumfazi. Uma unezihlobo eziningi ezinomdlavuza wesisu, ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic kungakusiza ukubona ingozi yakho nezidingo zokuhlola.