Uyini i-Tinnitus? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Tinnitus ukubona umsindo ezindlebeni zakho noma ekhanda lakho lapho kungekho umsindo ophakathi. Ungase uzwe umsindo olukhala, olukhukhumeza, olukhukhumeza, noma ezinye izwi ezivela ngaphakathi kwezindlebe zakho kunokuba umhlaba oqalile.

Lesi simo siqeda izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele futhi singaba yinto encane ecasulayo kuya ekuhluphekeni okukhulu empilweni yansuku zonke. Imizwa oyiyezwayo ingaba yinto eqhubekayo noma iye ize, futhi ingashintsha ngokuphakama nokuzwakala usuku lonke.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-tinnitus?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko se-tinnitus ukulalela imizwa engaphandle kwendawo oqalile. Le mizwa engaqondakali ingathatha izindlela eziningi ezahlukene futhi ithonye abantu ngezindlela ezihlukile.

Nawa imizwa evamile abantu abayizwayo nge-tinnitus:

• Umsindo olukhala noma olufana nebhele
• Imizwa ekhukhumeza noma ekhukhumeza
• Imizwa ekhukhumeza noma efana ne-static
• Imizwa eqhafaza noma eqhubekayo
• Imizwa ekhala noma ekhukhumeza
• Imizwa yomculo noma izingoma
• Imizwa ephuzayo efana nesikhathi senhliziyo yakho

Ukuzwakala kungaba kusuka kokungabonakali kuya kokukhulu ngokwanele ukuphazamisa ikhono lakho lokugxila noma ukulala. Abanye abantu bayaphawula i-tinnitus yabo kakhulu ezindaweni eziqondile, kanti abanye bayithola iqhubeka kungakhathaliseki izindawo zabo.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-tinnitus?

I-Tinnitus iwa ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekutheni abanye bangazwa yini imizwa oyiyezwayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kusiza odokotela ukuthi banqume indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha.

I-Tinnitus engabonakali yiyona evamile kakhulu, ithinta cishe u-95% lwabantu abanesimo. Wena kuphela ongazwa le mizwa, futhi ngokuvamile ivela ezinkingeni ezindlebeni zakho zangaphakathi, ezindlebeni zakho eziphakathi, noma emizileni yokuzwa ebuchosheni bakho.

I-Tinnitus ebonakalayo ingavamile kakhulu futhi ihilela imizwa oyiyezwayo futhi udokotela wakho angayizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Le mizwa ngokuvamile ivela ezinkingeni zezinzwa zegazi, ukucindezeleka kwemisipha, noma ezinye izinkinga zokwenyama eduze kwelindlebe lakho.

I-Tinnitus ephuzayo uhlobo oluthile lapho imizwa iphuza ngokulingana nenhliziyo yakho. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile lubonisa izinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuqale izinkinga ze-vascular.

Yini ebangela i-tinnitus?

I-Tinnitus ithuthukiswa lapho okuthile kuphazamisa inqubo yokuzwa evamile ezindlebeni zakho noma ebuchosheni. Imbangela evamile ukulimala kwezinwele ezincane ezindlebeni zakho zangaphakathi ezisiza ekuhleni amaza omsindo abe yizibonakaliso zamandla.

Nawa izimbangela ezivamile ze-tinnitus:

• Ukulahleka kokuzwa okuhlobene nobudala (presbycusis)
• Ukulimala kokuzwa okubangelwa umsindo olukhulu
• Ukuvimba kwe-earwax ocinezela e-eardrum yakho
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe noma ukuqongelelana kwamanzi
• Imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi i-aspirin, ama-antibiotic, nezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka)
• Ukulimala ekhanda noma entanyeni okuthonya izinzwa zokuzwa
• Ukushintsha kwezinga lokucindezela kwegazi noma izinkinga ze-cardiovascular
• I-Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) izifo

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa isifo se-Meniere, i-acoustic neuromas (ama-tumors angalimi ezinzweni zokuzwa), nezifo ze-autoimmune ezithinta indlebe yangaphakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-tinnitus ithuthukiswa ngaphandle kwesizathu esiqondakalayo, okuyikho odokotela abakubiza nge-tinnitus idiopathic.

Ukuqina nokukhathazeka akuyikubangela i-tinnitus, kodwa kungenza izimpawu ezikhona zizwe zinzima kakhulu futhi zicasule. Lokhu kudala isiphephelo lapho i-tinnitus ikhuphula ukucindezeleka, okwenza i-tinnitus ibonakale imbi kakhulu.

Nini kufanele ubone udokotela nge-tinnitus?

Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma i-tinnitus yakho iqhubeka ngaphezu kweviki noma iphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kungasiza ekutholeni izimbangela ezilashwa futhi kuvimbele isimo singabi sibi kakhulu.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana ne-tinnitus ehlukanisiwe endlebeni eyodwa, ikakhulukazi uma ivela nokulahleka kokuzwa, ukukhathazeka, noma ubuthakathaka bokubukeka. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa izimo ezinkulu njengokulimala kokuzwa okungaqondakali noma i-acoustic neuroma edinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha uma i-tinnitus yakho iphuza ngenhliziyo yakho, njengoba le tinnitus ephuzayo ingabonisa izinkinga zezinzwa zegazi ezidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Noma iyiphi i-tinnitus ehambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukushintsha kokubona, noma izimpawu ze-neurological kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Ziyini izici ezingaholela e-tinnitus?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-tinnitus, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingaholela akusho ukuthi uzobhekana nesimo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yakho yokuzwa.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingaholela zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala obungaphezu kuka-60, lapho ukuzwa kwehlisa ngokwemvelo
• Ukuvezwa njalo emizweni emikhulu emsebenzini noma ekuzijabuliseni
• Ukuba owesilisa (abesilisa bathuthukisa i-tinnitus kancane kancane)
• Ukubhema, okuthonya ukugeleza kwegazi ezakhiweni zezindlebe ezinzima
• Izinkinga ze-cardiovascular kufaka phakathi ukucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile eyaziwayo ngokuthonya ukuzwa
• Ukuba nesifo sikashukela noma izifo ze-thyroid
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe ngaphambili noma izinkinga zokuzwa

Amalungu ezempi nabantu emisebenzini enomsindo njengokwakha, ukukhiqiza, noma umculo bahlangabezana nezingozi eziphezulu ngenxa yokuvezwa isikhathi eside emizweni. Ngisho nemisebenzi yokuzijabulisa njengokuya emibuthanweni, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amandla, noma ukuzingela kungase kube nomthelela ezingozini ze-tinnitus ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ze-tinnitus?

Nakuba i-tinnitus ngokwayo ingabi yingozi, ingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho nempilo yengqondo uma ingalawulwa. Ukuba khona okuqhubekayo kwemizwa engathandeki kungadala uchungechunge lwezinye izinkinga ezithinta inhlalakahle yakho yonke.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile abantu abazibhekana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlupheka kokulala nokukhathazeka ngenxa ye-tinnitus yasebusuku
• Ubunzima bokuhlanganisa emsebenzini noma ngesikhathi soxhumano
• Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okwandayo ngesimo
• Ukuqina ngenxa yemvelo eqhubekayo yezimpawu
• Ukuhoxa komphakathi nokuhlukaniswa
• Ukukhathala ngenxa yokulala okubi nomzamo ongapheli wengqondo
• Izinkinga zokukhumbula ezihlobene nobunzima bokuhlanganisa

Ezimeni ezingavamile, i-tinnitus eqinile ingabangela imicabango yokuzilimaza, ikakhulukazi uma ihlangene nokuqina nokukhathazeka komphakathi. Kungakho ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe nokwenza amasu okuqondisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphathweni kwesikhathi eside.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlanganisela eziningi zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe ngokwelashwa okufanele nokusekelwa. Abantu abaningi bafunda ukuphila kahle ne-tinnitus uma sebethuthukise amasu okuqondisa okuphumelelayo.

I-Tinnitus ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izinhlobo ze-tinnitus, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokuvikela ukuzwa kwakho nokugcina impilo enhle yonke. Ukuvimbela kugxile ikakhulu ekuqedeni ukulimala okuholela e-tinnitus.

Amasu okuvimbela aphethwe kakhulu ahlanganisa ukugqoka ukuvikelwa kokuzwa ezindaweni ezinomsindo, ukugcina ivolumu ilungile uma usebenzisa ama-headphone noma ama-earbuds, nokuphazamisa imizwa emikhulu. Hlose ukugcina ivolumu yedivayisi yakho siqu ingaphansi kuka-60% yokuqala futhi ubeke isikhathi sokulalela kungaphezu kwemizuzu engama-60 ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukuphatha impilo yakho ye-cardiovascular kusiza futhi ekuvimbeni izinhlobo ezithile ze-tinnitus. Ukuzivocavoca njalo, ukugcina ukucindezela kwegazi okunempilo, ukugwema ukubhema, nokulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala konke kusekela ukugeleza kwegazi okuhle ezindlebeni zakho.

Gcina izindlebe zakho zicocekile kodwa ugweme ukusebenzisa ama-cotton swabs e-ear canal yakho, njengoba lokhu kungacindezela i-wax ejulile futhi kwenze ukulimala e-eardrum yakho. Uma une-earwax eningi, bona umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uyisuse ngokuphepha.

I-Tinnitus ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-tinnitus kuhilela umlando wezokwelapha ophelele nokuhlolwa komzimba ukuze kutholakale izimbangela ezingaba khona. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi i-tinnitus yaqala nini, izwakala kanjani, nokuthi yini eyenza ibe ngcono noma ibe mbi kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukubuka ngaphakathi kwezindlebe zakho nge-otoscope ukuze uhlole ukuqongelelana kwe-wax, ukutheleleka, noma izinkinga zesakhiwo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola futhi ikhanda lakho, intamo, nengxili yakho ukuze abuke izinkinga ezingase zithole izimpawu zakho.

Izivivinyo zokuzwa ebizwa ngama-audiograms zisiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ulahlekelwe yini ukuzwa futhi yiziphi izilinganiso ezithintekile. Lezi zihloko zihilela ukulalela imizwa ehlukene ngama-headphone nokubonisa lapho ungazwa khona.

Kungenzeka ukuthi kudingeke zivivinyo ezengeziwe kuye ngezimpawu zakho. Izivivinyo zegazi zingahlola izinkinga ze-thyroid noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Izifundo zokwenza izithombe njenge-MRI noma i-CT scans ngokuvamile zigcinelwe izimo ezihilela ukulahleka kokuzwa okungaqondakali, i-tinnitus ephuzayo, noma ezinye izimpawu ezicasulayo.

Uyini ukwelashwa kwe-tinnitus?

Ukwelashwa kwe-tinnitus kugxile ekuphathweni kwezimpawu nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimbangela ezingalungiswa. Nakuba okwamanje kungekho ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-tinnitus, ukwelashwa okuningi okuphumelelayo kunganciphisa kakhulu umthelela wayo ekuphileni kwakho.

Uma isimo esingaphansi sibangela i-tinnitus yakho, ukwelapha leso simo ngokuvamile kusiza ekuthuthukiseni noma ekususeni izimpawu. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukususa i-earwax, ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwelindlebe, ukushintsha imithi, noma ukuphatha izinkinga zokucindezela kwegazi.

I-Sound therapy isebenzisa imizwa yangaphandle ukuze isize ukufihla noma ukunciphisa ukuqonda kwe-tinnitus. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imishini ye-white noise, ama-hearing aids ane-sound generators ehlanganisiwe, noma ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ezakha imizwa yangemuva ezolile.

I-Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) ihlanganisa i-sound therapy nokunakekelwa ukuze isize ubuchopho bakho ukuba bufunde ukuhlunga imizwa ye-tinnitus. Lendlela isiye yasiza abantu abaningi ukunciphisa ukuqaphela kwabo i-tinnitus ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) ifundisa amasu okuqondisa futhi isize ekushintsheni izindlela zokucabanga ezimbi mayelana ne-tinnitus. Abantu abaningi bathola lendlela yezokwelapha ilusizo kakhulu ekuphathweni kokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okuvamile okuhambisana ne-tinnitus.

Imithi ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa ngokuqondile ekwelapheni i-tinnitus, kodwa udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi yokucindezeleka noma yokukhathazeka uma uhlangabezana nokuqina noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu okuhlobene nezimpawu zakho.

Indlela yokuphatha i-tinnitus ekhaya

Amasu amaningi okuphatha ekhaya angakusiza ukuba ubhekane nezimpawu ze-tinnitus futhi unciphise umthelela wawo ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ikhona ukufumana ukuhlanganiswa kwamasu asebenza kangcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile.

Ukudala indawo enomsindo oningi kungasiza ekufihleni i-tinnitus, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi eziqondile lapho izimpawu zibonakala zibonakala kakhulu. Zama ukusebenzisa abalandeli, umculo omnene wangemuva, imizwa yendalo, noma imishini ye-white noise ukuze unikeze ukumbozwa komsindo olukhulu.

Amasu okuphatha ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile, ukucamngca, noma i-yoga ezolile angasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhathazeka okuvamile okwenza i-tinnitus ibe mbi kakhulu. Ngisho nemizuzu engama-10-15 yokuphumula imisebenzi yansuku zonke ingenza umehluko obalulekile.

Gcina ukuhlanzeka kokulala okuhle ngokugcina izikhathi zokulala ezihambisanayo, ukudala indawo yokulala epholile futhi emnyama, nokugwema i-caffeine ekupheleni kosuku. Uma i-tinnitus iphazamisa ukulala, zama ukusebenzisa umshini womsindo wasebusuku noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone olunezinqubo zesikhathi.

Hlala usebenza futhi uhlanganyele emisebenzini oyithandayo, njengoba lokhu kusiza ekuhambiseni ukugxila kwakho ekude nezimpawu ze-tinnitus. Ubudlelwano bomphakathi nezinsolo zinikeza ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelo nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho ye-tinnitus kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uthola ukuhlolwa okuwusizo kakhulu nezincomo zokwelapha. Qala ngokugcina idayari yesimpawu okungenani isonto ngaphambi kokuya kwakho.

Bhala phansi ukuthi i-tinnitus yakho ibonakala nini kakhulu, izwakala kanjani, nanoma yiziphi izici ezibukeka zenza ibe ngcono noma ibe mbi kakhulu. Qaphela ukuthi imisebenzi ethile, ukudla, imithi, noma amazinga okucindezeleka athinta izimpawu zakho.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kokubhalwa, kanye nezinsizakalo. Imithi ethile ingabangela noma ibe mbi i-tinnitus, ngakho-ke lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwakho.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha, imiphumela okulindelekile, kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila okungasiza. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngamaqembu wokusekela noma izinsiza ezengeziwe zokuphatha i-tinnitus.

Uyini umqondo oyinhloko mayelana ne-tinnitus?

I-Tinnitus isimo esivamile esithinta izigidi zabantu, futhi nakuba kungaba nzima ukuhlala nayo, amasu okuqondisa aphethwe atholakala. Ikhona ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo ukusebenzisana nabaphakeli bezempilo ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izimbangela ezilashwa futhi kwenziwe uhlelo oluphelele lokuphatha.

Khumbula ukuthi i-tinnitus ayivame ukubonisa inkinga yezokwelapha eqinile, futhi abantu abaningi bafunda ukuphatha izimpawu zabo ngokuphumelelayo ngesikhathi nokusekelwa okufanele. Ukuhlanganiswa kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, i-sound therapy, ukuphatha ukucindezeleka, kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo uma i-tinnitus ithonya imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ukulala, noma inhlalakahle yakho yomzwelo. Ngokuhlolwa okufanele nokwelashwa, ungabuye uthole ukulawula futhi unciphise umthelela we-tinnitus ekuphileni kwakho.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-tinnitus

Ingabe i-tinnitus yami izohamba yodwa?

I-Tinnitus ebangelwa izici zesikhashana njengokuqongelelana kwe-earwax, ukutheleleka kwezindlebe, noma imithi ethile ngokuvamile iphela uma inkinga ephakathi ikwelashwe. Noma kunjalo, i-tinnitus ehlobene nokulimala kokuzwa okungapheli noma ukushintsha okuhlobene nobudala ngokuvamile iqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ngisho noma i-tinnitus ingapheli ngokuphelele, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuphathwa okufanele kwenza kube lula kakhulu futhi kucasule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kwenza i-tinnitus ibe mbi kakhulu?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngokuqinisekile kwenza i-tinnitus izwe inzima kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuyiqaphela. Ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile akuyikubangela i-tinnitus ekuqaleni, kodwa kungadala isiphephelo lapho ukukhathazeka nge-tinnitus kukhuphula ukucindezeleka kwakho, okwenza uqaphele kakhulu imizwa. Ukufunda amasu okuphatha ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile kusiza ekuqhekeni lesi siphephelo futhi kunciphisa ukuzwakala okukhulu kwezimpawu.

Kuphephile yini ukusebenzisa ama-earbuds noma ama-headphone uma ngine-tinnitus?

Uvamise ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ama-earbuds nama-headphone ngokuphepha uma ugcina ivolumu emazingeni afanele futhi uthathe ama-breaks njalo. Landela umthetho we-60/60: akukho okungaphezu kuka-60% ivolumu ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-60 ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma uqaphela ukuthi i-tinnitus yakho ibe mbi kakhulu ngemuva kokusebenzisa amadivayisi e-audio siqu, nciphise ivolumu ngokwengeziwe noma ubeke isikhathi sokulalela.

Ingabe kukhona ukudla noma iziphuzo ezithinta i-tinnitus?

Abanye abantu bayaphawula ukuthi i-caffeine, utshwala, noma ukudla okune-sodium eningi kungenza i-tinnitus ibe mbi isikhashana, nakuba lokhu kuhluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye. Alukho ukudla okuvamile kwe-“tinnitus”, kodwa ukunaka indlela ukudla neziphuzo ezahlukene ezithinta izimpawu zakho kungakusiza ekutholeni izici zakho siqu. Ukugcina umzimba uthambile nokugcina amazinga eshukela egazi aqinile ngokuvamile kusekela impilo yonke yendlebe.

Ingabe i-tinnitus ingabangela ukulahleka kokuzwa okuphelele?

I-Tinnitus ngokwayo ayibangeli ukulahleka kokuzwa okuqhubekayo, kodwa zombili izimo ngokuvamile zivela ezinkingeni ezifanayo eziphakathi, njengokulimala komsindo noma ukushintsha okuhlobene nobudala endlebeni yangaphakathi. Uma une-tinnitus kanye nobunzima bokuzwa obuqaphelekayo, kubalulekile ukuvikela ukuzwa kwakho okusele ngokuqeda imizwa emikhulu nokusebenzisa ukuvikelwa kokuzwa uma kudingeka. Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa okuvamile kungasiza ekuqondeni noma yikuphi ukushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.