Ukuhamba Ngokubona Izithende: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuhamba ngezithende kusho ukuhamba ngezinhlangothi zezinyawo zakho ngaphandle kokubeka izithende emhlabathini. Kuyinto evamile kubantwana abancane abafunda ukuhamba, kodwa kungaba ukukhathazeka uma kuqhubeka ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 noma kwenzeka njalo kubantwana abadala nabantu abadala.

Abantwana abaningi bayeka le ndlela yokuhamba njengoba isibizo sabo nesikhundla sabo siqhubeka. Noma kunjalo, ukuhamba ngezithende okuqhubekayo kungase kubonise isimo esingaphansi okudinga ukunakekelwa yisikhungo sezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhamba ngezithende?

Isilwane esiyinhloko ukuhamba ngezinhlangothi zezinyawo isikhathi esiningi noma sonke isikhathi. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi umntanakho akabeki izithende phansi lapho ehamba noma emi.

Nazi izimpawu ezibalulekile okumele uzibheke:

• Ukuhamba ngezinhlangothi zezinyawo njalo
• Ukubuthakathaka ukubeka izithende phansi lapho ucelwa khona
• Imisipha yemilenze noma izintambo ze-Achilles eziqinile
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuwa njalo
• Ukukhala ngebuhlungu bemilenze noma ukukhathala ngemuva kokuhamba
• Ukubuthakathaka kokulinganisela ngesikhathi semisebenzi
• Ukuhamba ngezithende okuya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Lezi zimpawu zingaba ezincane noma eziphawulekayo. Iphethini ivame ukuba sobala lapho umntanakho ehamba ngezinyawo noma emaphethelweni aqinile.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuhamba ngezithende?

Ukuhamba ngezithende kuwela ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko: idiopathic kanye ne-secondary. Ukuqonda umehluko kusiza ekutholeni indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha.

Ukuhamba ngezithende kwe-Idiopathic kusho ukuthi asikho isimo sezempilo esibangela. Lolu uhlobo oluvamile, ikakhulu kubantwana abancane. Umntanakho nje wakha le ndlela yokuhamba njengomkhuba, futhi imisipha yakhe nezintambo zaziqondanisa nayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuhamba ngezithende kwe-Secondary kwenzeka ngenxa yesimo esingaphansi. Lokhu kungafaka i-cerebral palsy, i-muscular dystrophy, i-autism spectrum disorder, noma ukubambezeleka kokuthuthuka. Kulezi zimo, ukwelapha isimo esingaphansi kuvame ukusiza ekuthuthukiseni iphethini yokuhamba.

Yini ebangela ukuhamba ngezithende?

Imbangela eqondile yokuhamba ngezithende kwe-idiopathic ayiqondakali ngokuphelele. Abanye abantwana nje bayathanda le ndlela yokuhamba, kanti abanye bayithuthukisa njengoba imisipha yabo nezintambo zaziqondanisa nendawo.

Izici eziningi zingase zihlanganyele ekuhambeni ngezithende:

• Izintambo ze-Achilles eziqinile noma imisipha yemilenze kusukela ekuzalweni
• Ukwenza umkhuba ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kokuhamba kwasekuqaleni
• Izintandokazi zezinzwa ngomuzwa wokuhamba ngezithende
• Umbukiso womndeni wokuhamba ngezithende
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma isisindo esincane sokuzalwa

Isimo sezempilo esingabangela ukuhamba ngezithende sifaka:

• I-Cerebral palsy ethonya ukulawulwa kwemisipha
• I-Muscular dystrophy ebangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• I-Autism spectrum disorder enezinzwa ezinzima
• I-Developmental coordination disorder
• Ukungaqondakali komgogodla

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuhamba ngezithende kungase kubonise izimo ezinjenge-spina bifida noma ezinye izifo zezinzwa. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi uphenyo oluqhubekayo luyadingeka yini.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela ngokuhamba ngezithende?

Kufanele uthintane nodokotela womntanakho uma ukuhamba ngezithende kuqhubeka ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 noma uma uqaphela ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kungasiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaphansi nokunciphisa izinkinga.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma uqaphela:

• Ukuhamba ngezithende okuqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-24
• Ukungaqondi ukubeka izithende phansi ngisho noma ucelwe
• Ubunzima bokuhamba noma ukuwa njalo
• Ukukhala ngebuhlungu emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni
• Ukubuyela emuva ekukhoneni ukuhamba
• Ezinye izinkinga zokuthuthuka noma ukukhathazeka

Ungakhathazeki ngokuhamba ngezithende okungavamile kubantwana abancane. Noma kunjalo, uma kuya kuba yindlela eyinhloko umntanakho ahambe ngayo, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho.

Ziyini izici ezingaholela ekuhambeni ngezithende?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa ukuhamba ngezithende okuqhubekayo. Ukuba nomqondo walokhu kungakusiza uqaphe ukuthuthuka komntanakho eduze.

Izici ezingaholela ekuhambeni ngezithende zifaka:

• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukuba nelungu lomndeni elihamba ngezithende njengomntwana
• Ubulili besilisa (amadoda avame ukuhamba ngezithende)
• Ukuba ne-autism spectrum disorder
• Ukubhekana nokubambezeleka kokuthuthuka
• Ukuba nemisipha noma izintambo eziqinile kusukela ekuzalweni

Ukuba nalezi zici akusho ukuthi umntanakho uzokuthuthukisa ukuhamba ngezithende okuqhubekayo. Abantwana abaningi abanezi zici bahamba ngokujwayelekile, kanti abanye abangenazo izici ezingaholela ekuhambeni ngezithende bangase bahamba ngezithende.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokuhamba ngezithende?

Uma kungelashwa, ukuhamba ngezithende okuqhubekayo kungabangela izinkinga zomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingavikeleka ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zifaka:

• Ukufinyeka okungapheli kwe-Achilles tendon
• Imisipha yemilenze eqinile, eyenziwe kakhulu
• Ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwegumbo nokulinganisela
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela nokukhuluphala komngcipheko wokuwa
• Ubuhlungu benyawo nokungahambi kahle
• Ubunzima ngemidlalo kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba
• Ukukhathazeka komphakathi noma ukuzibona ngokungafanele ngokuhamba

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuhamba ngezithende okukhulu kungase kuholele ekuguqukeni kwama-bone ezinyaweni noma emagqabeni. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela lapho isimo singelashwa iminyaka eminingi.

Ukuhamba ngezithende kungavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukugwema ukuhamba ngezithende, ikakhulu uma kuhlobene nesimo esingaphansi, kunezindlela zokukhuthaza izindlela zokuhamba ezempilo kubantwana abancane.

Nazi ezinye izindlela eziwusizo:

• Khuthaza ukuhamba ngezinyawo emaphethelweni ahlukene
• Nikeza amathuba amaningi okudlala okusebenzayo
• Gwema ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-baby walkers
• Qinisekisa izicathulo ezifanele ezisekela ukuhamba okujwayelekile
• Hlanganyela emisebenzini ekhuthaza ukuhamba okuvela esithendeni kuya esithendeni
• Bhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zokuthuthuka kwasekuqaleni

Khumbula ukuthi abantwana abaningi bayeka ukuhamba ngezithende njengoba uhlelo lwabo lwezinzwa luqhubeka. Ukudala indawo yokusekela ukuthuthuka okujwayelekile kuvame ukuba yilona vivinjelo elihle kakhulu.

Ukuhamba ngezithende kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonzwa kokuhamba ngezithende kuqala ngokubuka iphethini yokuhamba yomntanakho nokuxoxa ngomlando wokuthuthuka kwakhe. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhamba ngezithende kwaqala nini nokuthi kuya kabi noma kuya kabi.

Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukufaka ukubuka umntanakho ehamba, ukuhlola amandla emisipha yakhe nokuguquguquka, nokulinga isibizo sakhe nesikhundla sakhe. Udokotela wakho uzobuye ahlole izinyawo zakhe, amagqaba, nemilenze yakhe nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zesakhiwo.

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe kungase kudingeke uma isimo esingaphansi sekukhathazeka. Lokhu kungafaka izivivinyo zegazi, izifundo zokwenza izithombe ezinjenge-X-rays noma i-MRI, noma ukudlulisela kubachwepheshe abanjengoo-neurologists noma odokotela be-orthopedic.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akhuthaze isikhathi sokubuka, ikakhulu kubantwana abancane, ukubona ukuthi ukuhamba ngezithende kuya kuphela yini ngokwalo.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa kokuhamba ngezithende?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangelweni nasekubalulekeni kokuhamba ngezithende. Abantwana abaningi abane-idiopathic toe-walking ephansi bayathuthuka ngezindlela ezilula nezikhathi.

Ukwelashwa okuqondile kuvame ukufaka:

• I-Physical therapy yokwelula imisipha eqinile nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhamba
• Ukwelula imisebenzi ongayenza ekhaya
• Izicathulo ezikhethekile noma i-orthotics ukukhuthaza ukuhamba okuvela esithendeni
• Ukuqothula okulandelanayo ukwelula i-Achilles tendon kancane kancane
• I-Botox injections ukunciphisa amandla emisipha yemilenze eqinile okwesikhashana

Kwezinye izimo ezinzima noma lapho ukwelashwa okuqondile kungasebenzi, izinketho zokucutshungulwa kungase zicatshangelwe. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukufinyeka i-Achilles tendon noma ukudlulisela izintambo ukuthuthukisa indawo yenyawu.

Ukwelashwa kunomphumela omkhulu lapho kuqalwa kwasekuqaleni, ngaphambi kokuba imisipha nezintambo zifinyeke unomphela. Ithimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlangana nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluhle kakhulu sesimo somntanakho esithile.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuhamba ngezithende ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni umntanakho ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhamba ezingcono. Ukuzinza ngemisebenzi nemisebenzi kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni.

Ukwelula imisebenzi yansuku zonke kungasiza ekuqondiseni ukuguquguquka kwemisipha yemilenze nezintambo ze-Achilles. I-physical therapist yakho izokufundisa ukwelula imisebenzi ethile ephephile futhi inomphumela omkhulu ebudeni bomntanakho nesimo.

Khuthaza imisebenzi ekhuthaza ukuhamba okuvela esithendeni, njengokuhamba phezulu naphansi kwezitebhisi, ukuhamba endaweni, noma ukudlala imidlalo efaka ukugoba nokukuma. Ukuqubha kuphinde kube kuhle ekuthuthukiseni imisipha jikelele nokuguquguquka.

Qiniseka ukuthi umntanakho uqopha izicathulo ezisekelayo ezifanele. Gwema izicathulo eziphezulu noma izicathulo ezingase zikhuthaze ukuhamba ngezithende. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhamba ngezinyawo emaphethelweni aphephile kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni isibizo nesaziso senyawo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu nokuqondisa. Letha uhlu lwezinkinga zakho nanoma yimiphi imibuzo onayo ngokuhamba komntanakho.

Gcina umbhalo wokuthi uqaphela nini ukuhamba ngezithende kakhulu, njengoba umntanakho ekhathele, ethokoze, noma ehamba emaphethelweni athile. Phawula noma yimiphi imisebenzi ebonakala iyenza ibe ngcono noma ibe mbi.

Letha uhlu lwezinto ezibalulekile zokuthuthuka komntanakho, kufaka phakathi lapho ehamba khona okokuqala nanoma yimiphi eminye imikhathi yokukhathazeka oyibonile. Uma kungenzeka, thatha ividiyo yomntanakho ehamba ukuze ubonise udokotela.

Bhala phansi noma yimuphi umlando womndeni wezinkinga zokuhamba, izimo zemisipha, noma izifo zezinzwa. Futhi, bhala phansi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa osele uzama kanjani ukusebenza kahle.

Yini eyinhloko ngokuhamba ngezithende?

Ukuhamba ngezithende kuyinto evamile kubantwana abancane abafunda ukuhamba, kodwa kuvame ukuqeda ngokwalo eminyakeni emi-2. Uma kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwale minyaka noma kubangela izinkinga, ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kungasiza ekuvimbeni izinkinga nokuthuthukisa iphethini yokuhamba yomntanakho.

Umbono wabantwana abane-toe-walking ngokuvamile ukhulu kakhulu, ikakhulu uma uqalwa kwasekuqaleni. Abantwana abaningi bayaphendula kahle ekuwelapheni okuqondile njenge-physical therapy nemisebenzi yokwelula.

Khumbula ukuthi umntwana ngamunye uthuthuka ngesivinini sakhe. Ngokusekelwa okufanele nokwelashwa lapho kudingeka, abantwana abahamba ngezithende bangathuthukisa izindlela zokuhamba ezingokwemvelo futhi bahlanganyele ngokugcwele kuzo zonke imisebenzi abayithandayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngokuhamba ngezithende

Ingabe ukuhamba ngezithende kuhlale kuyisibonakaliso se-autism?

Cha, ukuhamba ngezithende akuhlali kuhlobene ne-autism. Nakuba abanye abantwana abane-autism spectrum disorder bahamba ngezithende, abantwana abaningi abahamba ngezithende abanalo i-autism. Ukuhamba ngezithende kungaba nje umkhuba noma ukukhetha, ikakhulu kubantwana abancane abasathuthuka amakhono abo okuhamba.

Ingabe umntanakho uzokwepuka ukuhamba ngezithende ngokwemvelo?

Abantwana abaningi bayeka ukuhamba ngezithende ngokwemvelo, ikakhulu uma kuqala eminyakeni yobudala. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuhamba ngezithende kuqhubeka ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 noma kwenzeka kakhulu kunokuncane, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi ukungenelela kungasiza yini.

Ingabe ukuhamba ngezithende kungabangela umonakalo ophakade?

Uma kuphathwa ngokufanele, ukuhamba ngezithende akubangeli umonakalo ophakade. Noma kunjalo, uma kungelashwa iminyaka eminingi, kungabangela izintambo ze-Achilles eziqinile, ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwegumbo, nezinye izinkinga. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukuvimba lezi zinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ukwelashwa kokuhamba ngezithende kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihluka kuye ngokubaluleka nangembangela. Abanye abantwana bayathuthuka phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa ze-physical therapy nokwelula, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa unyaka noma ngaphezulu. Ukuzinza ngemisebenzi nokulandela izincomo zedokotela wakho kusiza ekutholeni imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Kufanele ngikhathazeke yini uma umntanakho oneminyaka engu-18 uhamba ngezithende ngezinye izikhathi?

Ukuhamba ngezithende okungavamile kumntwana oneminyaka engu-18 ngokuvamile akusikhathazeki, njengoba abantwana abaningi abancane bazama izindlela ezahlukene zokuhamba njengoba bethuthukisa isibizo nesikhundla. Noma kunjalo, uma umntanakho ehamba ngezithende isikhathi esiningi noma angakwazi ukubeka izithende zakhe phansi lapho ucela khona, kufanele ukukhulume nodokotela wakho.