Ukuqina Komlomo: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqina komlomo kuyisikhwama esibuhlungu se-pus eliqala eduze kwelinyo eline-infection noma emazinyweni akho. Cabanga ngakho njengendlela yomzimba wakho yokulwa ne-bacteria eyingozi ehlukanise izicubu ezinzima emlonyeni wakho.

Le-infection idala ukwakheka kwe-pus, okuyizicubu ezimhlophe zegazi, i-bacteria, nezinto zezicubu ezihlanganisiwe. Nakuba igama elithi "ukuqina" lingase lizwakale kukhulu, empeleni yinkinga evamile yezinyo ephendula kahle ekwelapheni uma itholakala ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqina komlomo?

Isilwane esibaluleke kakhulu sokuqina komlomo yi-pain enkulu, ehlala ibe nzima uma ukuma noma uthinta indawo ethintekile. Le pain ivame ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi ingaba nzima kakhulu.

Umuthi wakho uzokunika izibonakaliso ezicacile zokuthi ukuqina kuqala. Nazi izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuhlala bukhulu, noma obukhulu elinyweni lakho noma e-jaw
• Ubuhlungu obuya endlebeni yakho, entanyeni, noma e-jawbone ngakwesokunxele
• Ukuzwela kubushushu noma ekuqandeni
• Ukuzwela uma uqopha noma ukuma
• Ukuqina komzimba nokubukeka ungaphili kahle
• Ukuvuvukala ebusweni bakho, ehlombe, noma e-lymph nodes ngaphansi kwe-jaw
• Ukubanda okubabayo emlonyeni
• Umoya omubi ongaphili ngokugeza
• Amazinyo abomvu, avuvukile eduze kwelinyo elithintekile
• I-bump noma i-pimple ebonakalayo emazinyweni akho

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uqaphele ukuthi ubuhlungu obukhulu buyeka ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukuqina kuqhekeka futhi kuphuma ngokwakho. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengokuphumula, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-infection isalapha futhi idinga ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqina komlomo?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuqina komlomo, ngayinye iqala ezindaweni ezahlukene emlonyeni wakho. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo kusiza udokotela wakho wezinyo ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Ukuqina kwe-periapical kuyilona uhlobo oluvamile futhi kuqala eceleni komsuka welinyo lakho. Lokhu kwenzeka uma i-bacteria ingena elinyweni ngesigxobo, i-chip, noma i-cavity ejulile futhi i-infect i-pulp ngaphakathi kwelinyo lakho.

Ukuqina kwe-periodontal kuqala emazinyweni akho eduze nomsuka welinyo. Lolu hlobo luvamile ukwenzeka kubantu abane-gum disease, lapho i-bacteria ivaleleke endaweni phakathi kwelinyo lakho ne-gum.

Ukuqina kwe-gingival kuqala kuphela ezicubeni zakho ze-gum futhi akuhlanganisi i-tooth noma izakhiwo zayo ezisekelayo. Lolu hlobo luvamile ukubangelwa yizinto zokudla noma izinto zangaphandle ezivaleleke emazinyweni akho.

Yini ebangela ukuqina komlomo?

Ukuqina komlomo kuqala uma i-bacteria eyingozi ithola indlela yayo ezindaweni zomlomo wakho lapho ingafanele khona. Umlomo wakho uqukethe i-bacteria ngokwemvelo, kepha izinkinga zivela uma le bacteria izala futhi ihlula ukuvikela komzimba wakho.

Izindlela eziningi zingavumela i-bacteria ukuba ibe yimbangela ye-infection. Nanka ukuthi ukuqina kuqala kanjani:

• Ukuwohloka kwelinyo okungelaphiwe okufinyelela e-pulp yelinyo
• I-tooth eqhekekile noma e-chiped ebonisa i-tooth yangaphakathi
• Umsebenzi wezinyo wangaphambili oqhekeka noma olimele
• I-gum disease edala izikhwama lapho i-bacteria iqoqwa khona
• Ukulimala kwelinyo lakho ezemidlalo, ezingozi, noma ekuqothuleni
• Ukudla noma udoti oluvaleleke phakathi kwelinyo lakho ne-gum
• Ukuhlanzeka okubi kwezinyo okuvumela i-bacteria ukuba yakheke

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqina kungaqala ngisho noma i-tooth yakho ibukeka iphilile ngaphandle. Lokhu kungenzeka uma i-nerve yelinyo ifile ngenxa yokulimala, ngisho noma ukulimala kwenzeke eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

I-immune system yakho ngokuvamile igcina i-bacteria yomlomo ilawulwa, kepha izimo ezithile zingenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukulwa ne-infection. Ukuqina, ukugula, noma imithi ecindezela i-immune system yakho konke kungandisa ingozi yakho.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokuqina komlomo?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezinyo ngokushesha nje uma ucindezela ukuthi ungase ube nokuqina komlomo. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela i-infection ukuba isakazeke futhi kukusindise ezinqubweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kamuva.

Shaya udokotela wakho wezinyo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu belinyo, ikakhulukazi uma buhambisana nokuqina noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni. Ungalindi ukuthi ubuhlungu bube bubi noma uthemba ukuthi buyaphela ngokwakho.

Funani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu:

• Ukuqina komzimba okuphezulu (ngaphezulu kuka-101°F noma 38.3°C)
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu ebusweni bakho, entanyeni, noma ngaphansi kwe-jaw
• Ukubanzima kokugwinya noma ukuphefumula
• Ukuzizwa ungaphili kahle ngokugula noma ukugabha
• Izinga le-heart rate noma ukuqina

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi i-infection isakazeka ngaphezu kwelinyo lakho, okungaba yingozi uma ingelaphiwe ngokushesha. Uma ungaqiniseki, kuhlale kungcono ukufuna ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kunokulinda.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zokuqina komlomo?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuqala ukuqina komlomo. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingozi kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yakho yomlomo.

Imikhuba yakho yansuku zonke idlala indima ebalulekile emazingeni akho engcupheni. Nazi izici ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kakhulu:

• Ukuhlanzeka okubi kwezinyo noma ukugeza okungavamile nokuhlanza
• Ukudla okunoshukela no-carbohydrates ehluziwe
• Umlomo owomile ngenxa yemithi noma izimo zezokwelapha
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-tobacco
• Ukuqina noma ukuqina amazinyo
• Umsebenzi wezinyo wangaphambili noma ukulimala kwamazinyo akho
• I-gum disease noma umlando wezinkinga zezinyo
• Izimo ezibuthakathaka i-immune system yakho
• Imithi ethile efana ne-steroids noma i-chemotherapy
• Ukuguquka okuhlobene nobudala okuthinta amazinyo akho ne-gums

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingase zikhulise ingozi yakho. I-diabetes, isibonelo, ingenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukulwa ne-infections nokuphulukisa kahle. Ngokufanayo, izimo ezifana ne-HIV noma ukwelashwa komdlavuza zingase zibuthakathaka i-immune system yakho.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izici eziningi ezingozi zilawulwa. Ukushintsha okulula emikhonyeni yakho yansuku zonke kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuqala ukuqina.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zokuqina komlomo?

Nakuba ukuqina okuningi komlomo kuphendula kahle ekwelapheni, ukushiya kungelaphiwe kungase kube nezinkinga ezinkulu. I-infection ingasakazeka ngaphezu kwelinyo lakho kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho.

Umuthi wakho usebenza kanzima ukuvimbela i-infection, kepha ngezinye izikhathi i-bacteria ingase iphule lezi zithiyo zemvelo. Nazi izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke:

• Ukulahlekelwa kwelinyo elithintekile
• I-infection isakazeka e-jawbone yakho
• I-sinus infection uma ukuqina kuse-tooth ephezulu
• I-cellulitis, i-infection esakazekayo yesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile
• I-Ludwig's angina, i-infection enkulu yentanyeni
• I-sepsis, i-infection eyingozi yegazi
• I-brain abscess ezimweni ezingavamile
• Izinhlanganisela ze-heart uma i-bacteria ingena egazini lakho

Lezi zinhlanganisela zivame kakhulu ukwenzeka kubantu abane-immune systems ezibuthakathaka noma labo abayeka ukwelashwa. I-infection ingasakazeka kalula uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezifana ne-diabetes noma isifo senhliziyo.

Ngenhlanhla, izinhlanganisela ezinkulu zingevamile uma ukuqina kulashwa ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho wezinyo ngokuvamile angavimbela lezi zinkinga ngokulungisa i-infection ngokushesha nangokuphelele.

Ukuqina komlomo kungavikeleka kanjani?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuqina komlomo ukugcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle komlomo nokulungisa izinkinga zezinyo ngaphambi kokuba zibe zinkulu. Ukuqina okuningi kungavikeleka ngokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwansuku zonke.

Ukukwakha imikhuba emihle yilona khona isibhamu sakho esinamandla sokuba ne-infections yezinyo. Nanka ongayenza ukuzivikela:

• Geza amazinyo akho kabili ngosuku nge-toothpaste ye-fluoride
• Hlanza nsuku zonke ukususa i-bacteria phakathi kwamazinyo akho
• Sebenzisa i-mouthwash ye-antimicrobial uma kunconywe
• Vakashela udokotela wakho wezinyo njalo ukuze uhlanzeke futhi uhlolwe
• Lungisa i-cavities nezinkinga zezinyo ngokushesha
• Gwema ushukela omningi nokudla neziphuzo ezinomsoco
• Ungasebenzisi amazinyo akho njengezithuluzi zokuvula ama-packages
• Gqoka i-mouthguard uma uqina amazinyo akho ebusuku
• Shintsha i-toothbrush yakho yonke izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine
• Hlala uthanda amanzi ukuze ugcine ukukhiqizwa kwe-saliva

Uma unezici ezingozi ezifana ne-diabetes noma uthatha imithi ebangela umlomo owomile, sebenzisana nabaphakeli bakho bezempilo ukuze ulawule lezi zimo. Bangase bancome izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvimbela.

Ukuvakashela udokotela wezinyo njalo kubalulekile ngoba udokotela wakho wezinyo angabona izimpawu zokuqala zokuwohloka noma i-gum disease ngaphambi kokuba ziholele ekuqineni. Izinhlelo eziningi ze-dental insurance zihlanganisa ukunakekelwa okuvimbelayo, okwenza kube yituluzi elitholakalayo empilweni yakho.

Ukuqina komlomo kunqunywa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzonquma ukuqina komlomo ngokuhlola umlomo wakho nokuthatha i-X-rays. Inqubo yokuxilonga ilula futhi ikusiza ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, udokotela wakho wezinyo uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini. Bazofuna ukwazi ngendawo nobunzima bobuhlungu bakho, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuvuvukala noma ukuqina okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziningi. Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzobheka i-tooth ethintekile namazinyo aseduze, ahlola ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, noma i-pus ebonakalayo. Bazokuma kancane emazinyweni akho ukuze babone ukuthi yiliphi elibangela ubuhlungu.

I-X-rays iyadingeka ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwelinyo lakho ne-jawbone. Lezi zithombe zingabonisa ubunzima be-infection, ukuthi isakazeke yini emathanjeni aseduze, futhi zisize udokotela wakho wezinyo ahlele ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho wezinyo angase enze ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo. Bangase bahlole impendulo yelinyo lakho kubushushu noma basebenzise i-electric pulp tester ukuhlola ukuthi i-nerve yelinyo isaphila yini.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuqina komlomo?

Ukwelashwa kokuqina komlomo kugxile ekususeni i-infection nokunciphisa ubuhlungu bakho. Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe endaweni nobunzima bokuqina kwakho.

Into yokuqala ukususa i-infection ukuze unciphise uxinzelelo nobuhlungu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwenza isiqu esincane ekuqineni ukuze uvumele i-pus ukuba iphume, kulandele ukuhlanza indawo nge-saline solution.

Ngokokuqina kwe-periapical, udokotela wakho wezinyo uzoncoma ukwelashwa kwe-root canal. Le nqubo isusa i-pulp ethintekile ngaphakathi kwelinyo lakho, ihlanze i-root canals, futhi iyavala ukuvimbela i-infection yesikhathi esizayo.

Uma i-tooth ilimele kakhulu ukusindiswa, ukukhipha kungase kudingeke. Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzokususa lonke i-tooth futhi asuse ukuqina esokisini. Bangaxoxa ngezinketho zokufaka esikhundleni ezifana ne-dental implants noma ama-bridges kamuva.

I-antibiotics ivame ukubhalwa ukuze isize ukulwa ne-infection, ikakhulukazi uma isakazeke ngaphezu kwelinyo noma uma unezici ezithile ezingozi. I-antibiotics evamile ihlanganisa i-amoxicillin, i-clindamycin, noma i-metronidazole.

Ukulawulwa kobuhlungu kuyisigaba esibalulekile sokwelapha. Udokotela wakho wezinyo angase ancome i-pain relievers ezingatholakala ngaphandle noma abhale imithi enamandla uma kudingeka. Bazophinde banikeze imiyalo yokulawula ubuhlungu ekhaya.

Ukuthatha ukwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sokuqina komlomo

Ngesikhathi ulinde ukuqokwa kwakho kwezinyo, izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya eziningi zingasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu bakho nokungakhululeki. Lezi zinyathelo ngeke zifake i-infection, kepha zingakusiza ukuba uthole impumuzo yesikhashana.

Ukulawulwa kobuhlungu yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu ekhaya. I-pain relievers ezingatholakala ngaphandle ezifana ne-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen zingasiza ekuqedeni ubuhlungu nokukhuphuka. Landela imiyalo yephakheji futhi ungadluli inani elikhulu.

Ukuhlanza ngamanzi ashisayo ane-salt izikhathi eziningi ngosuku kungasiza ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala nokukhipha ingxenye ye-infection. Hlanganisa ingxenye yesipuni se-salt ekhefini lamanzi ashisayo bese uyihlakaza kancane endaweni ethintekile.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuthuthukisa ubuhlungu ongazama ukuzisebenzisa:

• Faka i-cold compress ngaphandle kwehlombe lakho imizuzu engu-15-20
• Lala ngekhanda lakho liphezulu ukuze unciphise ukuhlala ubuhlungu
• Gwema ukudla neziphuzo ezishisayo noma eziqandayo
• Qopha ngakwesinye uhlangothi lomlomo wakho
• Hlala uthanda amanzi afudumele
• Gwema utshwala nokubhema, okungenza i-infection ibe yimbi

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya ziyizinyathelo zesikhashana. I-infection izoluka kakhulu ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, ngakho ungalihli ukubona udokotela wakho wezinyo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukuqokwa kwakho kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuqokwa kwakho kwezinyo kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukuba nolwazi olufanele okulungile kuzosiza udokotela wakho wezinyo ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu ngokushesha.

Ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini. Qaphela ukuthi yini eyenze ubuhlungu bube ngcono noma bube bubi, nokuthi uthathe yini imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu.

Bula ulwazi olubalulekile ngomlando wakho wezempilo. Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzofuna ukwazi nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo, imithi oyithathayo, nanoma yiziphi i-allergies, ikakhulukazi i-antibiotics.

Nansi okumele ukulethe noma ukulungiselele:

• Uhlu lwemithi yonke nezinye izinto oyithathayo
• Ulwazi lwakho lwe-dental insurance
• I-X-rays yangaphambili yezinyo uma unazo
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza
• Ulwazi mayelana nokuthi izimpawu zaqala nini nobunzima bazo
• Imininingwane mayelana nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wezinyo wakamuva noma ukulimala

Uma ukhathazekile ngokuqokwa, xhumana ne-dental office uma ucinga. Bavame ukukuhlela isikhathi esengeziwe noma baxoxe ngezinketho zokulala ukuze bakusize uzizwe ukhululekile.

Hlela ukufika imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokugcwalisa noma yimiphi imibhalo edingekayo. Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu, shaya ucingo ukuze ubone ukuthi bangakubona ngokushesha noma banikeze isiqondiso sokulawula ubuhlungu bakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokuqina komlomo?

Ukuqina komlomo kuyisimo esinzima kodwa esingelashwa esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kokufanele. Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ngokushesha futhi ufuna ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba i-infection isakazeke.

Nakuba ubuhlungu obuvela ekuqineni bungaba bukhulu, ukwelashwa kwamanje kwezinyo kuphumelela kakhulu ekususeni i-infection nokugcina i-tooth yakho uma kungenzeka. Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo enkulu ezinsukwini eziyi-1 noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokulwa nokuqina komlomo. Ukuhlanzeka okuhle komlomo, ukuhlolwa njalo kwezinyo, nokulungisa izinkinga zezinyo ngokushesha kungavimbela ukuqina okuningi ukuba kuqale.

Khumbula ukuthi i-infections yezinyo ingaba nzima uma ishiyiwe ingelaphiwe, kepha iphendula kahle ekunakekelweni okufanele. Ungavumeli ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka kukuvimbele ekutholeni ukwelashwa okudingayo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuqina komlomo

Q.1 Ingabe ukuqina komlomo kungaphela ngokwakho?

Ukuqina komlomo ngeke kuphele ngokwakho futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okufanele. Nakuba ubuhlungu bungase bube buphansi uma ukuqina kuphuma, i-infection esekelwe isalapha futhi ingasakazeka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. I-antibiotics nezinqubo zezinyo zidingeka ukususa ngokuphelele i-infection nokuvimbela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu.

Q.2 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-antibiotics ukusebenza ekuqineni komlomo?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bephilile phakathi kwamahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemuva kokuqala i-antibiotics ngokuqina komlomo. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthatha lonke uhlelo lwe-antibiotics njengoba kunconywe, ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile. Ukumisa ngokushesha kungavumela i-infection ukuba ibuye futhi ibe namandla ekwelapheni. Udokotela wakho wezinyo uzodinga ukulungisa umthombo we-infection ngezinqubo ezifana ne-root canal noma ukukhipha.

Q.3 Ngangingase ngipop noma ngisuse ukuqina komlomo ngokwami?

Akufanele uzame ukuphoqa noma ukususa ukuqina komlomo ngokwakho. Lokhu kungasusa i-infection ejulile ezicubeni zakho futhi kwenze isakazeke kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Izinqubo zokukhishwa zasekhaya ziphinde zifake i-bacteria entsha futhi zingase ziholele ezinhlanganisela ezinkulu. Vumela udokotela wezinyo ukuba aphathe izinqubo zokukhishwa ngezindlela ezihlanzekile.

Q.4 Ingabe ukuqina komlomo kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezinyo?

Yebo, ukuqina komlomo kubhekwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezinyo esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo. I-infection ingasakazeka ngokushesha kwenye ingxenye yekhanda, entanyeni, noma emzimbeni uma ishiyiwe ingelaphiwe. Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezinyo ngokushesha uma ucindezela ukuqina, ikakhulukazi uma une-fever, ukuvuvukala ebusweni, noma ukubanzima kokugwinya. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi i-infection ingase isakazeke futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.

Q.5 Kubiza malini ukwelashwa kokuqina komlomo?

Iindleko zokwelashwa kokuqina komlomo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngenqubo edingekayo nendawo yakho. Ukwelashwa kwe-root canal kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-$700 kuya ku-$1,500, kuyilapho ukukhipha i-tooth kubiza u-$150 kuya ku-$400. I-antibiotics ivame ukubiza u-$10 kuya ku-$50. Izinhlelo eziningi ze-dental insurance zihlanganisa ingxenye yalezi zinqubo. Uma iindleko ziyinkinga, xoxa ngezinketho zokukhokha nodokotela wakho wezinyo noma cabanga ngezikole zezinyo ezinikeza ukwelashwa oluphansi.