Tenolysis Ye-Epidermal Eyingobuthi

I-TEN ibangela izindawo ezinkulu zesikhumba esiqabukayo, esiqothayo.

I-Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) iyisimo esingavamile, esiyingozi empilweni, sokusabela kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile sibangelwa yimithi. Yiyona ndlela eqinile ye-Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Kubantu abane-SJS, i-TEN ihlonishwa uma ingaphezu kuka-30% ophahleni lwesi khumba ithonyeke futhi izicubu ezimanzi zomzimba (izicubu ze-mucous) zilimele kakhulu.

I-TEN iyisimo esiyingozi empilweni esithinta abantu bazo zonke izigaba zokuphila. I-TEN ngokuvamile iwelashwa esibhedlela. Ngesikhathi isikhumba siyaphilisa, ukunakekelwa okusekela kuhlanganisa ukulawula ubuhlungu, ukunakekela amanxeba nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola amanzi anele. Ukuphulukana kungathatha amasonto kuya ezinyangeni.

Uma isimo sakho sibangelwe yimithi, kuzodingeka ugweme leyo mithi unomphela nalabo abahlobene nayo.

Izimpawu nemiboniso ye-toxic epidermal necrolysis ihlanganisa: Ubuhlungu besikhumba obunqamile Ukukhanya okusakazayo okuhlanganisa ingxenye enkulu kunama-30% omzimba Amaphambili nezindawo ezinkulu zesikhumba esiqothayo Amaphaphu, ukukhula nokuqina kwemigqomo yemigqomo, kuhlanganise nomlomo, amehlo ne-vagina Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile kubantu abane-Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Uma unezimpawu, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Cishe uzodinga ukunakekelwa ochwepheshe besikhumba (i-dermatologist) nabanye ochwepheshe esibhedlela.

Ukuphathwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile kubantu abane-Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Uma unezimpawu, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Cishe uzodinga ukunakekelwa odokotela ochwepheshe besikhumba (i-dermatologist) nabanye ochwepheshe esibhedlela.

I-SJS/TEN ivame ukubangelwa ukungezwani kwesikhumba neyeza. Izimpawu zingaqala ukubonakala ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1 kuya kwangu-4 ngemuva kokuthatha iyeza elisha.

Amakhemikhali avame ukubangela i-SJS/TEN afaka phakathi ama-antibiotics, amayeza okuqeda isifo sofuba, amayeza e-sulfa kanye ne-allopurinol (Aloprim, Zyloprim).

Izici ezandisa ingozi yakho ye-SJS/TEN zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka yi-HIV. Kubantu abane-HIV, izinga le-SJS/TEN liphakeme kakhulu ngokuphindwe ka-100 kunabantu abavamile.
• Uhlelo lokukhulula olubuthakathaka. Uhlelo lokukhulula lungathinteka yisifuba, i-HIV/AIDS nezifo zokuzikhulula.
• Ukulimala. Abantu abane-kansa, ikakhulukazi i-kansa legazi (i-hematologic malignancies), baphazanyiswa kakhulu yi-SJS/TEN.
• Umbhalo we-SJS/TEN. Uma uke waba nale meko ehlobene nemithi, ukhona engozini yokubuyela uma usebenzisa le mithi futhi.
• Umbhalo womndeni we-SJS/TEN. Uma ilungu lomndeni lokuqala, njengomzali noma umfowabo, libe ne-SJS/TEN, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa le meko.
• Izici ze-genetic. Ukuba nezinguquko ezithile ze-genetic kukwandisa ingozi yakho ye-SJS/TEN, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi yokubamba, i-gout noma ukugula kwengqondo.

Abantu abasezingozini eziphezulu zezinkinga ze-TEN yilabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 nalabo abane-cirrhosis yesibindi noma umdlavuza oqhubekayo (owandayo). Izinkinga ze-TEN zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwegazi (ukutheleleka). Ukutheleleka kwenzeka lapho ibhaktheriya evela ekuthelelekeni ingena egazini lakho futhi isakazeka emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ukutheleleka kuyisimo esiphuthumayo, esiyingozi esingabangela ukushayisana nehluleko lomzimba.
• Ukuhileleka kwemiphunga. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhokha, ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, futhi, ngesifo esinzima, ukuhluleka kokuphefumula okusheshayo.
• Ukuphambuka kokubona. I-TEN ingabangela izinkinga zamehlo, njengamehlo omile, izinwele ezikhula ngaphakathi, ukunqunywa kwe-cornea, futhi, ngokungavamile, ubuthakathaka.
• Ukonakala okungapheli kwesikhumba. Ngemva kokululama ku-TEN, isikhumba sakho singaba neziqongo, amabala, nokushintsha kombala. Izinkinga zesikhumba ezide zingabangela ukuba izinwele zakho ziwe, futhi iinzipho zakho nezinzipho zezinyawo zingase zingakhula ngokujwayelekile.
• Amaqhubu esikhumba. Kwabesifazane, i-TEN ingabangela amaqhubu ezinhlangothini zesikhumba esiqinile, okuholela ebuhlungwini noma, uma kushiywa lungalashwa, ukunamathela kwesikhumba.
• Usizi lwengqondo. Lesi simo sibangela usizi futhi singaba nethonya elide elingokwengqondo.

Ukuvimbela enye ingozi ye-TEN, funda ukuthi ngabe yabangelwa yimithi. Uma kunjalo, ungaphinde uthathe le mithi noma enye efana nayo. Ukubuyela kwesifo kungaba sibi kakhulu futhi kube yingozi eyingozi. Tshela nabo bonke abahlinzeki bezempilo besikhathi esizayo ngomlando wakho we-TEN, bese ugqoka ibhulukwe noma ithusi le-medic alert elinawo ulwazi mayelana nesimo sakho. Noma phakamisa i-pasiphothi yokuziphatha.

I-TEN ihlonishwa uma abantu abane-SJS bethola isifo esibuhlungu esithinta ngaphezu kuka-30% yomzimba.