Uthini iTrachoma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

ITrachoma iwukutheleleka kwamehlo obangela ibhaktheriya okungabangela ukufiphaza uma kungelashwa. Kubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya elibizwa nge-Chlamydia trachomatis, eluleka kalula ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi lapho ukuhlanzeka kungabi kuhle.

Lesi simo siqeda izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi emindenini yasemakhaya lapho ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungase kube kuncane. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iTrachoma ivinjelwa ngokuphelele futhi iyakwelashwa uma itholakala kusenesikhathi.

Uthini iTrachoma?

ITrachoma iwukutheleleka okuqhubekayo kwe-conjunctiva ne-cornea - izicubu ezicacile ezihlanganisa iso lakho. Ibhaktheriya ibangela ukuvuvukala okungase, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kudale i-scar tissue ngaphakathi kweliso lakho.

Lolu hlobo lwe-scarring lungase ekugcineni lubangele ukuthi izimpumputhe zakho ziphenduke ngaphakathi futhi zikukhuze amehlo akho, isimo esibizwa nge-trichiasis. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, lokhu kukhungatheka okuqhubekayo kuholela ekubunjweni kwe-cornea nokulahlekelwa umbono okungapheli.

I-World Health Organization iyakwamukela iTrachoma njengesizathu esiyinhloko sokuqeda ukubona emhlabeni jikelele. Noma kunjalo, cishe kuphelile emazweni asebenza kahle ngenxa yezimo zokuphila eziphucukile nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Zithini Izimpawu zeTrachoma?

Izimpawu zeTrachoma zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zivame ukufana nezokutheleleka kwamehlo okuvamile. Emazingeni okuqala, ungase uqaphele ukuthi amehlo akho azizwa ekhungathekile noma angakhululekile, kufana nokuthi kukhona okuthile okuthukile kuwo.

Izimpawu ezivamile zokuqala zihlanganisa:

• Amehlo abomvu, amanzi azizwa ebukhali noma njengolwandle
• Ukuqothuka kwamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma uvuka
• Amaphaphu avuvukile angase azizwe elukhuni noma ebuhlungu
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya okwenza izindawo ezicwebezelayo zingakhululeki
• Ama-bumps amancane noma ama-follicles ngaphakathi kweliso lakho eliphezulu

Njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka izinyanga noma iminyaka, izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu zingase zivele. Ikhala lakho eliphezulu lingase liqale ukuba nemibimbi futhi liqine, likhiqize ukhuni olukhuni ebushelelezi.

Izimpawu ezithuthukile ze-trachoma ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Izimpumputhe eziphendukela ngaphakathi futhi zithinte ibhola leloku
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli emehlweni nomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okusikiliza iso lakho
• Ukubona okungacaceki noma okungabonakali okuthuthuki ngokunyakaza kwamehlo
• Ukulimala okukhulu okubonakala ngaphakathi lekala leloku
• Ukungaqondi kwe-cornea okubonakala njengezinda ezimhlophe noma ezimnyama emehlweni

Lezi zimpawu ezithuthukile zibonisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okungapheli kungase kwenzeke. Uma ufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuvimbela izinkinga zesikhathi eside amahle.

Imiphi Imikhakha Ye-Trachoma?

Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlukanisa i-trachoma ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni ukutheleleka okuthinta amehlo akho. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kusiza ekutholeni indlela yokwelapha efanele kakhulu.

I-trachoma esebenzayo imelela isigaba esithathelwanayo lapho amabhaktheriya azala khona ngokusebenza ezihlangwini zakho zamehlo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungasakaza ukutheleleka kwabanye ngokuxhumana ngqo noma izinto ezihlanganyelwe njengezitende.

Isigaba esisebenzayo sinemikhakha emibili engaphansi:

• Ukuvuvukala kwe-trachomatous-follicular (TF): Izicubu ezincane zivela ngaphakathi lekala lakho eliphezulu
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-trachomatous-intense (TI): Ikala lakho eliphezulu liba likhulu futhi liqine

I-trachoma ye-cicatricial ivela lapho ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo kubangele ukuba nemibimbi ngaphakathi lekala lakho. Lesi sigaba asithathwa njengokutheleleka, kodwa ukonakala kungaqhubeka nokubi ngaphandle kokuphathwa okuhle.

Isigaba sokulimala sinemifanekiso emibili:

• Ukulimala kwe-trachomatous (TS): Imigqa emhlophe noma amabhande abonakala ngaphakathi lekala lakho eliphezulu
• I-trachomatous trichiasis (TT): Ukulimala kubangela izimpumputhe zakho ukuthi ziphenduke ngaphakathi futhi zikilize ibhola leloku

Uhlobo lwesibili, ukumnyama kwamehlo (CO), lichaza isigaba sokugcina lapho ukuqhwakuqhwa okuphindaphindayo okuvela ezinzipeni eziqhwakuqhayo kuye kwadliba amehlo akho, okungase kubangele ubuthakathaka.

Yini ebangela iTrachoma?

ITrachoma ibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya elibizwa ngeChlamydia trachomatis. Lokhu akuyona uhlobo olufanayo olubangela ukutheleleka okuthathwa ngocansi - luhlobo oluhlukile oluqondene ngqo nezinhlangothi zamehlo.

Ibhaktheriya yasakazeka ngokuxhumana ngqo neziphumo zamehlo noma emakhaleni. Ungathola iTrachoma ngokuthinta amehlo akho ngemuva kokuxhumana nezandla ezingcolile, izingubo, noma ama-tawu asebenziwe umuntu onokutheleleka okusebenzayo.

Izici eziningi zemvelo zenza izimo ezifanele zokuba iTrachoma isakazeke:

• Ukungcola okubi nokufinyeleleka okulinganiselwe emanzini acocekile okuhlanza ubuso
• Isimo sokuhlala esiqinile lapho ukutheleleka kusakazeka kalula khona
• Ukwehluleka kokuphathwa kahle kwezibi, okuheha izimpukane ezingathwala ibhaktheriya
• Ukufinyeleleka okulinganiselwe ezinsizakalweni zezempilo zokutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa
• Imikhuba yamasiko engase ihilele ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu njengezitawu noma ukwenza amehlo

Izimpukane zidlalela indima ebalulekile ekudluliselweni. Ziheha ukukhishwa kwamehlo nasemikhondweni futhi zingathwala ibhaktheriya kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingcolile.

Ukutheleleka kuvame kakhulu ezimweni ezishisayo, ezomile lapho uthuli nemiphumela yokuphila embi zikhona. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma ubani angathuthukisa iTrachoma uma eveza ibhaktheriya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikuphi noma isimo sabo sezenhlalo-ezomnotho.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngeTrachoma?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nokuvuvukala kwamehlo okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuphathwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezinzima ezenza iTrachoma ikhathazeke kangaka.

Hlela isikhathi sokuhlangana nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yamehlo abomvu, amanzi ane-discharge, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba ezindaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona noma uke waba eduze komuntu onenkinga yamehlo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukushintsha ngokuzumayo kokubona noma ukubona okunamandla
• Izimpumputhe ezibukeka sengathi ziyaqabela ibhola leloku
• Ukuqina okuqina okubonakala ngaphakathi kweliso lakho
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka okusakazwayo, njengoba kuwukushisa noma ama-lymph nodes avuvukile

Uma uhlela ukuhamba ezindaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona, xoxa ngamathani wokuvimbela nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso ngezindlela zokuvikela nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzilinde.

Ungalindi uma amalungu amaningi omndeni ehlangabezana nezimpawu ezifanayo zamehlo, njengoba lokhu kungabonisa ukuphazamiseka okudinga ukungenelela kwezempilo yeningi ngokushesha nokuphathwa kwendlu yonke.

Iyini Izingozi Zokuthola I-Trachoma?

Izici ezithile zikhuphula amathuba akho okuthola i-trachoma, yize ukuqonda lezi ngozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela. Izingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlangene nezimo zokuphila nokufinyelela ezinsizweni zezempilo.

Izingozi zezwe nezimo ezingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphila noma ukuvakashela izindawo zasemakhaya zase-Afrika, e-Asia, e-Australia, nasezingxenyeni zaseNingizimu Melika
• Ukuphila emiphakathini enenkinga yokufinyelela emanzini acocekile
• Izindawo ezinamahlanzeko ambalwa nezinhlelo zokuphatha imfucuza
• Isimo sezulu esishisayo, esomile esinamahlathi amaningi olukhuni
• Izindawo ezinamaqembu amakhulu ezintubane nokulawulwa okubi kwezinto eziphethe izifo

Izici zomphakathi nezedemokhrasi ezandisa ingozi zihlanganisa ukuba ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-10, njengoba zivame ukuba nokuthintana eduze nabantu abathelelekile futhi zingase zingalandeli ukuhlanzeka okuhle njalo.

Abesifazane babhekene nezingozi eziphezulu kunamadoda, ngenxa yokuthi bavame ukuba ngababambiqhaza abakhulu ekunakekeleni abantwana abanegciwane futhi bangase babe nokuthintana okuvamile ne-bacteria ngemisebenzi yokunakekela.

Ezinye izici ezingozi zomuntu zihlanganisa:

• Isimo sokuhlala esicindezelwe khulu lapho abantu abaningi bahlanganyela indawo encane
• Ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezinsizakalweni zezempilo zokutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwesifo
• Ubumpofu, oluvamise ukuhambisana nokungcola okubi nokufinyelela kwezempilo
• Izehlakalo zangaphambili ze-trachoma, ezingandisa ukuqabuleka ekuthelelekeni kabusha
• Ukuhlanganyela izinto zomuntu siqu njengezithekwana, ama-pillowcases, noma i-makeup yamehlo

Ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzophulaphula i-trachoma, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu ziveleka.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zivele Ze-Trachoma?

Inkinga ebucayi kunazo zonke ye-trachoma engaphathwe yibukhulu, elithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Noma kunjalo, leli phuzu lingathintelwa ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukuqhubekela phambili ebukhulu kuvame ukuvela ngezigaba zezinkinga ezivela eminyakeni eminingi yokutheleleka okuphindaphindayo nokuphathwa okungalungile.

Izingozi ezivamile ezingase zivele zihlanganisa:

• I-Trichiasis: Izimpumputhe ziphenduka ngaphakathi futhi zikracula i-cornea njalo
• Ukwenzakala kwe-cornea: Ukukracula okuphindaphindayo kudala izindawo ezifihliwe ezingapheli ebusweni beliso
• I-Corneal opacity: Ukwenzakala okukhulu kuvimbela ukukhanya ukungena elisweni ngokufanele
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okubili: Izicubu ezivaliwe e-cornea zingaba ne-bacteria enye
• I-Dry eye syndrome: Ukwenzakala kuqeda ukukhiqizwa kwemizimba yamehlo nokusabalalisa

Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinhlungu ezinzima zingafaka ukwephulwa komqondo, lapho ukukroba okuqhubekayo kudala ibhala ebusweni beliso. Lesi simo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha sidinga ukungenelela ngokuhlinzwa ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukulahleka okuphelele kweliso.

Izinhlungu ezingokwengqondo zivame ukuhambisana nezokomzimba, njengoba ukulahlekelwa kubona kungabangela ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi, ukucindezeleka, nokunciphisa ikhwalithi yokuphila. Abantu abaningi abane-trachoma ephambili babhekana nobunzima ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke futhi bangase babe ngoxhomekeke kwabanye ngokunakekelwa.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi zonke lezi zinkinga zingavikeleka ngokwelashwa ngesikhathi. Ngisho noma kukhona ukwenzakala okuthile, izinqubo zokwelapha zingavame ukubuyisela umsebenzi nokuvimbela ukuqhubeka.

Ukuvimbela iTrachoma Kungenzeka Kanjani?

ITrachoma iyakwazi ukunqatshelwa ngokuphelele ngokuhlanganiswa kokuziphatha okuhle kokubilisa, ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo, nezinqubo zempilo yomphakathi. I-World Health Organization iqhuba isu le- "SAFE", eliye labonakala liphumelela kakhulu ekususeni i-trachoma ezindaweni eziningi.

Izinyathelo zokubilisa komuntu siqu zenza isisekelo sokuvimbela i-trachoma. Ukugeza ubuso nezinye izandla njalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile nensipho kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela zifaka:

• Ukugeza ubuso nezinye izandla njalo, ikakhulukazi ubuso babantwana
• Ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile kuwo wonke umsebenzi wokugeza nokuphakelwa
• Ukugwema ukwabelana ngamathawula, ama-pillowcases, noma ezinye izinto zomuntu siqu ezithinta ubuso
• Ukugcina izindawo zokuhlala zihlanzekile futhi zingabi nazimpukane
• Ukukhipha ngendlela efanele imfucuza yabantu nezilwane
• Ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha kunoma yiliphi utheleleko lwamehlo

Ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni komphakathi jikelele. Ukuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka emanzini ahlanzekile, ukwakha izindawo zokuhlanza ezifanele, nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphathwa kwezibi eziphumelelayo kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo amazinga okudlulisela.

Uma uhamba ezindaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona, thatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe ngokusebenzisa amanzi abotshwe noma aphathwe kahle ukugeza ubuso, ugweme izindawo eziqongelelene uma kungenzeka, futhi uqaphele kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwezandla.

Izinhlelo zemfundo yomphakathi ezifundisa amasiko ahlanzekile ziye zaba nomphumela omkhulu ekunqobeni ukubhebhetheka kwe-trachoma nokugcina ukususwa ezindaweni ezazibuthakathaka ngaphambili.

I-Trachoma Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-trachoma kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele yisikhungo sezokwelapha noma ochwepheshe wamehlo. Bazohlola ingaphandle nangaphakathi kwamaphethilo akho ukuze babone izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokutheleleka nokwenzakala.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wokuvakasha, nokukhombisa okungenzeka kubantu abatheleleke. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi baqonde ukuthi unethuba elingakanani lokuba ne-trachoma kunokuba nezinye izimo zamehlo.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziningi:

• Ukubuka ngamehlo amaphethilo akho, kokubili ngaphandle nangaphakathi
• Ukubheka ama-follicles (izicubu ezincane) ngaphakathi kwephethilo lakho eliphezulu
• Ukubheka ukwenzakala, ukuqina, noma imigqa emhlophe ngaphakathi kwephethilo
• Ukubheka izinwele zakho zamehlo ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini eziphendukela ngaphakathi
• Ukulinganisa i-cornea yakho ngokubukeka okubumnyama, imikrwadlwana, noma ukonakala okunye

Ezimweni eziningi, abahlinzeki bezempilo abanolwazi bangaxilonga i-trachoma ngokubukeka kwesikhathi esisodwa. I-World Health Organization isethule izindinganiso ezicacile ezisiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde isigaba ngasinye sesifo.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kungase kwenziwe ezimweni ezithile, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuxilongwa kungacaci noma ngenhloso yocwaningo. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yamangqamuzana evela ephethilweni lakho ukuze uhlolwe ukuba khona kwe-Chlamydia trachomatis ibhaktheriya.

Ngokwemvelo, ukuhlolwa okuengeziwe njengokuthwebula isithombe se-cornea noma ukuthwebula izithombe zeziso ngokuningiliziwe kungase kusetshenziswe ukuqopha ubukhulu be-scarring nokuhlela ukwelashwa, ikakhulu uma kukhona ukuhlinzwa okuhlosiwe.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kwe-Trachoma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-trachoma kuncike esigabeni sesifo esikuso, kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuzo zonke izigaba. Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo kwesigaba sokuqala kuphendula kahle ekwelapheni ngama-antibiotic, kuyilapho izimo eziphambili zingadinga ukungenelela kokusebenza.

Ngokutheleleka kwe-trachoma okusebenzayo, ama-antibiotic yiwona ukwelashwa oyinhloko. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzobhala i-azithromycin ngomlomo noma i-tetracycline ointment yendawo, kokubili okuphumelela kakhulu ekulweni nabhaktheriya.

Amakhetho okwelapha ngama-antibiotic afaka phakathi:

• I-azithromycin ngomlomo: Ngokuvamile inikezwa njengesiphunzi esisodwa, nakuba ezinye izimo zingadinga ukuphindaphinda isiphunzi
• I-tetracycline eye ointment: Isetshenziswa nsuku zonke amasonto ambalwa, ikakhulukazi isebenzela ukutheleleka okunqunyelwe endaweni ethile
• I-doxycycline: I-antibiotic ehlukile yomlomo yabantu abadala abangayithathi i-azithromycin
• I-erythromycin: Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa kubantwana noma kubesifazane abakhulelwe uma ezinye i-antibiotic zingafaneleki

Yonke indlu noma umphakathi kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha, ngisho noma amanye amalungu engabonisi izimpawu. Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi ukunikezwa kwama-drug okuhlanganisiwe, iye yabonakala iphumelela kakhulu ekususeni i-trachoma emazweni wonke.

Ngokuthuthukile kwe-trachoma ene-trichiasis (izimpumputhe eziguqukayo), ukulungiswa kokusebenza kuyadingeka ukuvimbela umonakalo omningi we-cornea. Inkqubo evamile kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-bilamellar tarsal rotation, eguqula umkhawulo we-eyelid ukuze iphendule izimpumputhe ngaphandle.

Ukuhlinzwa kwezinkinga ze-trachoma ngokuvamile kuhilela:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-trichiasis: Ukulungisa izimpumputhe eziphendukela ngaphakathi ukuvimbela ukukroba kwamehlo
• Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamehlo: Ukubumba kabusha amehlo anemabala amaningi ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo: Kudingeka kancane kubunzima bebala elikhulu elimele ukubona

Ukubuyela esimweni esiqondile ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-trachoma kuvame ukuba kuhle uma kubanjwe ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi abanezifo ezisebenzayo babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ngemuva kokuqala ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics, ngokuxazululwa okuphelele okuvamise ukuvela ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa.

Indlela Yokuthatha Ukwelashwa Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Se-Trachoma?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-trachoma kugxila ekusekeleni ukubuyela kwakho esimweni esiqondile nokuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka kwabanye. Ukulandela uhlelo lwakho oluqokiwe lwe-antibiotic ngokuqondile njengoba kuqondiswe yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ongasithatha.

Ukusebenzisa imithi yakho kahle kusho ukuqedela ikhosi yonke ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono, nokusebenzisa ama-antibiotics ngomlomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Uma usebenzisa i-ointment yamehlo, yifake ngezandla ezihlanzekile futhi ugweme ukuthinta i-tube tip emehlweni akho noma kunoma iyiphi indawo.

Izinyathelo zokunethezeka ezingasiza ngesikhathi sokubuyela esimweni esiqondile zihlanganisa:

• Ukusebenzisa izicubu ezibandayo, ezimanzi ukuze kunciphise ukuvuvukala kwamehlo nokukhula
• Ukusebenzisa izinyembezi ezibonakalayo ukuze usize ukumomotheka, kepha khetha izinguqulo ezingenamathenda
• Ukugqoka izibuko lelanga uma ungaphandle ukuze kunciphise ukukhanya okukhulu
• Ukugwema ukupenda amehlo nama-contact lenses kuze kube yilapho uqede ukwelashwa
• Ukuhlanza indawo yakho futhi ungabi noluthuli ngangokunokwenzeka

Ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kulabo abasemnkeni yakho kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kokuhlamba. Geza izandla zakho njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuthinta amehlo akho, futhi ugweme ukwabelana ngamathawula, ama-pillowcases, noma ezinye izinto eziqhakambisa ubuso bakho.

Kufanele ugeze noma ubeke kabusha ama-pillowcases, amathawula, nama-washcloths nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokutheleleka okuqhubekayo. Cabanga ngokusebenzisa izicubu ezingasetshenziswa kabusha esikhundleni se-handkerchiefs, futhi uzilahle ngokushesha ngemuva kokusetshenziswa.

Qaphela izimpawu zakho eduze bese uxhumana nodokotela wakho uma ubona ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukukhishwa okwandayo, noma ukushintsha kokubona. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bekhulu kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala kokwelashwa, ngakho-ke izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma ezibi kakhulu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yezokwelapha kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokuphathwa okuqondile kwezimpawu zakho zamehlo. Ukuletha ulwazi olufanele nokubuza imibuzo efanele kungenza ukuvakasha kwakho kube nomphumela.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Qaphela noma yimiphi imisebenzi noma ukukhishwa okungase kube yingxenye, njengokuhamba kwakamuva noma ukuxhumana nomuntu owayenayo ukutheleleka kwamehlo.

Ulwazi olumele ulungiselele lufaka:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwezimpawu nokuthi ngayinye yaqala nini
• Noma yikuphi ukuhamba kwakamuva, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona
• Ukuthintana nabantu abaye baba nezifo zamehlo
• Imithi yamanje nanoma yiziphi izinto ozithola unayo
• Izinkinga zamehlo zangaphambili noma ukuhlinzwa
• Umlando womndeni wezifo zamehlo

Letha uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu - ukuqonda isimo sakho kusiza ukuthi ulandele izeluleko zokwelashwa ngokuphumelelayo.

Imibuzo ebalulekile ingafaka:

• Nginguliphi isigaba se-trachoma enami, futhi lokho kusho ukuthini?
• Ukuphathwa kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani, futhi kufanele ngilinde nini ukuthuthuka?
• Ingabe amalungu omndeni amanye adinga ukuhlolwa noma ukwelashwa?
• Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukusiza ukuphulukisa kwami?
• Kufanele ngixhumane nawe nini uma izimpawu zibe zimbi?
• Ingabe kuzoba khona imiphumela yesikhathi eside ekuqondeni kwami?

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze likusize ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokuqokwa. Ukuba khona komunye umuntu kungasiza kakhulu uma ubhekene nokuhlupheka okukhulu noma ukukhathazeka ngezimpawu zakho.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngoTrachoma?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde ngoTrachoma ukuthi ivinjelwa ngokuphelele futhi iyakwazi ukwelashwa uma itholakala kusenesikhathi. Nakuba isalokhu iyimbangela ebucayi yobulalimi ezingxenyeni ezithile zezwe, ukunakekelwa kwemithi okusheshayo kungavimbela zonke izinkinga zayo ezinkulu.

Ukuqaphela kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ubhekene nokuvuvukala kwamehlo okuqhubekayo, ukopha, noma noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuhamba ezindaweni lapho iTrachoma ivame khona, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela kusala yindlela engcono kakhulu yokulwa neTrachoma. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokuhlanza ubuso njalo ngamanzi acocekile, amasiko amahle okuhlanzeka, nokuqeda ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu kungakuvikela wena nomndeni wakho ekuthelelekeni.

Kwabo abaxilongwe ngeTrachoma, umbono ukhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ama-antibiotics ajwayelekile aphelele kakhulu ekulweni nabhaktheriya, futhi izindlela zokucathulwa zingalungisa ngisho nezinkinga eziphambili. Okubalulekile ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokuphelele nokugcina amasiko amahle okuhlanzeka.

Khumbula ukuthi ukususwa kweTrachoma kungenzeka - amazwe amaningi awususé ngempumelelo njengengxaki yempilo yeningi ngemizamo ehlangene ebandakanya ukwelashwa, imfundo yokuhlanzeka, nokwenziwa kwezinto ezinhle endaweni.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa NgoTrachoma

Ingabe iTrachoma iyadluliseka?

Yebo, i-trachoma iyadluliseka kakhulu esigabeni sokuqubuka kwesifo. Isakazeka ngokuthintana ngqo nokukhishwa kwamehlo noma ekhaleni labantu abane-infection, izandla ezingcolile, izindwangu, noma izingubo. Izimpukane zingaphinda zithwale ibhaktheriya kusuka kumuntu omunye ukuya komunye. Noma kunjalo, uma ukwelashwa kuqala, ngokuvamile uba ungadluliseki ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-24-48.

Ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele yini i-trachoma?

Impela. Ukutheleleka okusebenzayo kwe-trachoma kungaphiliswa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-antibiotic. Ngisho namacala athuthukile ane-scarring angaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela ubuthakathaka. Ikhona ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulimaza okungapheli kwamehlo. Ngokungena kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo.

I-trachoma ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubangela ubuthakathaka?

Ubuthakathaka obuhambisana ne-trachoma ngokuvamile buthuthuka eminyakeni eminingi noma ngisho namakhulu eminyaka wokutheleleka okuphindaphindayo ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele. Akuyona into ekuqaleni yokutheleleka ebangela ubuthakathaka, kodwa kunalokho ukugcwala okuvela ezigabeni eziningi. Lokhu kuqhubeka kancane kuyakhuthaza ngoba kusho ukuthi kunezithuba eziningi zokungenela nokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Ingabe i-trachoma ifana ne-chlamydia STD?

Cha, nakuba zombili zibangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-Chlamydia, zizifo ezihlukile ngokuphelele ezingelwe izinhlobo ezihlukile. I-trachoma yamehlo ibangelwa yi-Chlamydia trachomatis serovars A, B, Ba, ne-C, eziqondene ngqo nezinhlangothi zamehlo. Ukutheleleka okudluliselwa ngocansi kubangelwa izinhlobo ezihlukile (D-K) eziqondene ngokuqondile nezinhlangothi zesondo nezinhlangothi zokukhishwa.

Ungayithola yini i-trachoma ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa?

Yebo, ungathola i-trachoma izikhathi eziningi ngoba ukutheleleka akunikeli ukuvikelwa okuhlala njalo. Ukutheleleka kabusha kuvamile kakhulu ezindaweni lapho i-trachoma ihlala khona futhi ukuhlanzeka kubi. Yingakho ukwelapha imiphakathi yonke ngesikhathi esifanayo nokwenza ngcono izimo zezindawo kubalulekile kakhulu ekuvinjeni isikhathi eside. Ukutheleleka kwangaphambili kungase kukwenze ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo esibi kakhulu ngokubekwa okuqhubekayo.