Ukuqala Kwe-Transverse Myelitis? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Transverse myelitis iwukuvuvukala okuthinta ingxenye yomgogodla wakho, okuvimba ukuhamba okujwayelekile kwemiyalezo phakathi kobuchopho bakho nomzimba wakho wonke. Cabanga ngomgogodla wakho njengendlela enkulu yemiyalezo yezinzwa, futhi lesi simo sidala isikhungo esingathinta ukuhamba, ukuzwa, nemisebenzi yomzimba ngaphansi kwendawo ethintekile.

Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekisa, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungakusiza uzizwe ulawula kakhulu. Lesi simo sithinta abantu abacishe babe ngu-1 kuya ku-5 ngemiliyoni unyaka ngamunye, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, abantu abaningi bangaphila kahle noma baphathe izimpawu zabo ngempumelelo.

Iyini i-Transverse Myelititis?

I-Transverse myelitis ivela lapho ukuvuvukala kunonakalisa ukumboza okuvikelayo okuzungezile imicu yezinzwa emgogodleni wakho, okuthiwa yi-myelin. Lokhu kuvuvukala kuvame ukuthinta ibhande noma ingxenye yomgogodla, kungakho kubizwa ngokuthi “i-transverse”—okusho ukuthi liwela ububanzi bomgogodla kulelo zinga.

Ukuvuvukala kuvimba ukudluliswa okujwayelekile kwemiyalezo yezinzwa, okuholela ezimpawu ezingaba ukukhahlela okuncane kuya ebuthakathaki obukhulu noma ukungakwazi ukuhamba. Isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba, evame ukukuvimbela ekuthelelekeni, ihlasela ngephutha izingxenye ezempilo zomgogodla kulesi simo.

Izimo eziningi zithuthuka emahoreni kuya emaviki, futhi indawo yokuvuvukala emgogodleni wakho inqamula ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zomzimba wakho ezithintekayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi bayabuyela, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa okusheshayo nokwenza kabusha.

Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Transverse Myelitis?

Izimpawu ze-transverse myelitis zingase zivele ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kuzonqunywa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kuphi emgogodleni wakho nokuthi kubukhulu kangakanani.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongaziqaphela:

• Ubuthakathaka ezinyaweni noma ezingalweni - Lokhu kuvame ukuqala njengokuzwa isisindo noma ukungakwazi ukulawula, futhi kungathuthuka kube buthakathaka obukhulu
• Ubuhlungu emuva, entanyeni, noma phakathi kwamaphethululo akho - Ngokuvamile kuchazwa njengokuzwa okubukhali, okushisayo, noma okuhlungu
• Ukuzwa okungajwayelekile - Ukukhahlela, ukungabi namqondo, ukushisa, noma ukuzwa sengathi ugqoke i-stocking noma isigqoko esiqinile
• Izinkinga zesibofu namanoni - Ukukhuluphala ukulawula ukuthamba noma ukukhishwa kwamanoni, noma ukuzwa sengathi awukwazi ukuthamba ngokuphelele isifu sakho
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa - Ukunciphisa ikhono lokuzwa ukuthinta, ukushisa, noma ubuhlungu ezindaweni ezithintekayo

Ezimeni ezingavamile, abanye abantu baye bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu njengokungakwazi ukuhamba ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwesigaba somgogodla othontekile, ubunzima obukhulu bokuqeda uma ukuvuvukala kuthinta ingxenye engaphezulu yomgogodla, noma ukuqala ngokuzumayo kwezimpawu ezibi kakhulu ngamahora ambalwa.

Iphethini yezimpawu ivame ukunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile eqenjini lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha mayelana nokuthi ukuvuvukala kusekuphi nokuthi ungalwelapha kanjani kangcono.

Ziyini Izimbangela Ze-Transverse Myelitis?

Imbangela eqondile ye-transverse myelitis ivame ukungaziwa, kodwa ngokuvamile ivela esistimwini sakho sokuzivikela esihlasela izingxenye zomgogodla wakho. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana ezahlukene, futhi ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho unqume indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Nazi izigaba ezinkulu zezimbangela:

• Ukutholakala kwezifo - Ama-virus afana ne-Epstein-Barr, i-herpes simplex, noma i-influenza angabangela ukuvuvukala
• Izifo zokuzikhusela - Izimo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, i-lupus, noma i-Sjogren's syndrome lapho isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela ihlasela izingxenye ezempilo
• Ukusebenza kabusha kwezokwelapha - Ngokungavamile, ama-vaccines angabangela impendulo yokuzivikela ethinta umgogodla
• Izinkinga ze-vascular - Izinkinga nge-blood vessels ezondla umgogodla zingabangela ukuvuvukala
• Izimbangela ezingaziwa - Cishe kwesithathu sezimangalo, odokotela abakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile

Ngokungavamile, i-transverse myelitis ingabangelwa ukutheleleka kwamabhaktheriya afana ne-mycoplasma noma i-syphilis, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, imithi ethile, noma ukubonisana ne-toxins. Ezimeni ezingavamile, ingahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza noma ivela njengomphumela wecala lokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-transverse myelitis ayithwali futhi awukwazi ukuyithwala kwabanye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini eyayibangela kuwe.

Nini Okufanele Ubheke Udokotela Nge-Transverse Myelitis?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuthakathaka obuzumayo ezingalweni noma ezinyaweni, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nobuhlungu emuva noma ukushintsha ukuzwa. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukubandakanyeka okukhulu komgogodla okudinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka ngokwazo. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphileni kwakho futhi kusize ukuvimbela ukonakala okungapheli komgogodla wakho.

Shaya izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo noma uye ekamelweni eliphatha izimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokungakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzumayo, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula kwesibofu noma amanoni, ubuhlungu obukhulu emuva noma entanyeni ngezimpawu zezinzwa, noma ubunzima bokuqeda kanye nobuthakathaka noma ukungabi namqondo.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla noma zithuthuka kancane kancane, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Bangahlola izimpawu zakho futhi banqume ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo noma ungalandelelwa eduze njengomuntu ophethwe.

Ziyini Izingozi Ze-Transverse Myelitis?

Nakuba i-transverse myelitis ingathinta noma ubani, izinto ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kulesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingozi kungakusiza uhlale uqaphele izimpawu ezingaba khona futhi ufuna ukunakekelwa uma kudingeka.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka - Amaqembu eminyaka amabili aphezulu athinteka: abantwana nabasakhulayo (10-19 iminyaka) nabantu abadala abaseminyakeni yabo yama-30 nama-40
• Ukutholakala kwezifo zakamuva - Ukuba nokutheleleka kwama-virus noma amabhaktheriya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule
• Izimo zokuzikhusela - Ukuba ne-multiple sclerosis, i-lupus, noma ezinye izifo zesimiso sokuzivikela
• Ubulili - Abafazi banamathuba amancane okukhula kwezinhlobo ezithile ze-transverse myelitis
• Indawo yomhlaba - Ukutheleleka okuthile okungabangela lesi simo kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ezinye izingozi zingase zihlanganise ukuba uthole ama-vaccines athile muva nje, ukubonisana ne-toxins noma imithi, ukuba nomlando womndeni wezifo zokuzikhusela, noma ukuba uhlangabezane ne-optic neuritis noma ezinye izimo zezinzwa.

Ukuba nalezi zinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile nge-transverse myelitis, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza uqaphele izimpawu ngokushesha uma zivele.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingaba khona Ze-Transverse Myelitis?

Abantu abaningi abane-transverse myelitis baye bahlangabezana nokuphulukana okuthile, kodwa izingozi zingase zenzeke, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa kulibaziseka noma uma ukuvuvukala kunzima. Ukuqonda izingozi ezingaba khona kukusiza usebenze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze uzivimbele noma uzilawule ngempumelelo.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu ongahlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukungakwazi ukuhamba okungapheli - Ubuthakathaka obuthile bungase buqhubeke, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni
• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo - Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo bezinzwa, ukubamba kwemisipha, noma ukuzwa okungajwayelekile
• Ukusebenza okungalungile kwesibofu namanoni - Izinkinga zesikhathi eside ngokuthamba noma ukulawula amanoni
• Ukusebenza okungalungile kobulili - Ukushintsha emisebenzini yobulili ngenxa yomonakalo wezinzwa
• Usizi nokukhathazeka - Izinselele zomzwelo ezihlobene nokuvinjelwa komzimba nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila

Izingozi ezinkulu kodwa ezingavamile zingase zihlanganise izinkinga zokuphefumula ezinkulu uma ukuvuvukala kuthinta ingxenye engaphezulu yomgogodla, ama-blood clots ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuhamba, ama-pressure sores ngenxa yokulala isikhathi eside embhedeni, noma ukutheleleka okukhulu okuhlobene nokusebenza okungalungile kwesibofu.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izingozi eziningi zingavikelwa noma zinciphisiwe ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ukwenza kabusha, nokwenza kabusha indlela yokuphila. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lizo sebenza nawe ukuze lixazulule noma yiziphi izingozi ezivela.

I-Transverse Myelitis Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-transverse myelitis kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngoba izimpawu zalo zingase zihambisane nezinye izimo zomgogodla. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo eningiliziwe yezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, okulandelelwa yi-physical examination ukuze ahlole umsebenzi wakho wezinzwa.

Inkqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo. I-MRI scan yomgogodla wakho ngokuvamile iwukuvivinya okubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ingabonisa ukuvuvukala futhi ikhiphe ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho ezifana ne-tumors noma i-herniated discs.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi akukhuthaze i-lumbar puncture (spinal tap) ukuze ahlole i-cerebrospinal fluid yakho ukuze abone izimpawu zokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ukubona izimo zokuzikhusela noma ukutheleleka okungase kube kubangele ukuvuvukala.

Ezimeni ezithile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kudingeke, njengokuhlolwa kokudluliswa kwezinzwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi izinzwa zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani, noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile ukuze kubhekwe ama-antibodies athile ahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zokuzikhusela.

Inkqubo yonke yokuhlola ngokuvamile ithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini, njengoba udokotela wakho edinga isikhathi sokubuka imiphumela yokuhlolwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi aphinde ahlole ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuze alandelele ukushintsha esimweni sakho.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kwe-Transverse Myelitis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-transverse myelitis kugxile ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emgogodleni wakho nokuphatha izimpawu ngenkathi umzimba wakho uyahlanza. Ukwelashwa okuqala ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuphulukana angcono kakhulu, kungakho ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa i-high-dose corticosteroids, ngokuvamile inikezwa nge-intravenously esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lezi zidakamizwa ezinamandla zokulwa nokuvuvukala zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhula emgogodleni wakho nokulinganisela ukonakala okwengeziwe.

Uma ama-steroids engaqondisi noma uma isimo sakho sinzima, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze i-plasma exchange therapy. Lokhu kwelashwa kususula ama-antibodies egazini lakho angase ahlasele izingxenye zomgogodla wakho.

Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokuhlunguza ubuhlungu ukuze ulawule ubuhlungu bezinzwa nokubamba kwemisipha, imithi esiza ekusebenzeni kwesibofu namanoni, nama-antibiotics uma ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo kutholakala.

Uma ukuvuvukala okukhulu kulawulwa, ukwenza kabusha kuba kubalulekile. I-physical therapy, i-occupational therapy, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-speech therapy zingakusiza ubuyisele umsebenzi wakho futhi uzilungiselele noma yikuphi ukushintsha okungapheli emakhonweni akho.

Ungayiphatha Kanjani I-Transverse Myelitis Ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-transverse myelitis ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngenkathi uthatha izinyathelo zokusekela ukuphulukana kwakho nokunciphisa izingozi. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lizonikeza isiqondiso esithile esisekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu siqu nezimpawu.

Gxilisa ekuthatheni imithi yakho ngokuqondile njengoba kuqokiwe, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa kangcono. Ama-Corticosteroids adinga ukunciphisa kancane, futhi ukuyeka ngokuzumayo kungabangela izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ukuhamba okuthambile nokuzivocavoca, njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho, kungasiza ekuvikeleni amandla emisipha nokunciphisa izingozi ezifana nama-blood clots. Ngisho nemisebenzi elula njengokuhamba ngezinyawo zakho ngenkathi ulele embhedeni noma ukwenza imisebenzi ehleliwe kungaba usizo.

Qaphela isikhumba sakho, ikakhulu uma unemvama encane. Hlola nsuku zonke ama-pressure sores noma ukulimala ongazwanga, futhi ushintshe izikhundla njalo uma uchitha isikhathi embhedeni noma esihlalweni sabakhubazekile.

Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha futhi ungangabazi ukubiza uma uqaphela izimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ukuphulukana kungase kube okungalindelekile, futhi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungase ludinge ukulungiswa endleleni.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Udokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuya udokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokwelashwa okufanele. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yenza uhlu lwazo zonke imithi oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho nama-supplements. Futhi, qaphela noma yikuphi ukugula kwamuva, ama-vaccines, noma izehlakalo ezibalulekile zokuphila ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zakho ziqale.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukana. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu - iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lifuna ukukusiza uqonde isimo sakho.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ekuhambeni kwakho. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esinzima.

Uma unemirekhodi yezokwelapha yangaphambili, imiphumela yokuhlolwa, noma ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, letha amakhophi nawe. Lolu lwazi lungasiza udokotela wakho ukwenze ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu futhi akhe uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Mayelana Ne-Transverse Myelitis?

I-Transverse myelitis yisimo esinzima kodwa esingaphatheka esithinta umgogodla wakho ngokuvuvukala. Nakuba ingabangela izimpawu ezinkulu, abantu abaningi baye bahlangabezana nokuphulukana okunengqondo, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kwenza umehluko wangempela emiphumeleni yakho. Uma uhlangabezana nobuthakathaka obuzumayo, ukungabi namqondo, noma izinkinga ngokuthamba noma ukulawula amanoni, ungalindi ukufuna ukunakekelwa.

Ukuphulukana kwe-transverse myelitis ngokuvamile kuyinkqubo ehamba kancane engathatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni. Abanye abantu bayaphulukana ngokuphelele, ngenkathi abanye bengase babe nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezidinga ukuphathwa. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokwenza kabusha, abantu abaningi bangazilungiselela kahle futhi bagcine ikhwalithi yokuphila enhle.

Hlala unethemba futhi usebenze eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuthuthuka kwezokwelapha kuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwelashwa nemiphumela yabantu abane-transverse myelitis, futhi kunezinto eziningi ezitholakalayo zokukusekela ohambweni lwakho lokuphulukana.

Imibuzo Evamile Mayelana Ne-Transverse Myelitis

UMbuzo 1: Ingabe i-transverse myelitis ifana ne-multiple sclerosis?

Cha, i-transverse myelitis ne-multiple sclerosis azifani, nakuba zingase zibe hlobene. I-Transverse myelitis ngokuvamile ithonya ingxenye eyodwa yomgogodla, ngenkathi i-multiple sclerosis ihlanganisa izindawo eziningi zobuchopho nomgogodla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, i-transverse myelitis ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yisibonakaliso sokuqala se-multiple sclerosis, kungakho udokotela wakho azokulandela ngokucophelela futhi angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

UMbuzo 2: Ngingase ngikwazi ukuhamba futhi ngemva kwe-transverse myelitis?

Abantu abaningi abane-transverse myelitis bayabuya bakwazi ukuhamba, nakuba ukuphulukana kuhluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu iphulukana ngezinto ezincane noma azinayo, ingxenye yesithathu inezinkinga eziphakathi, kanti ingxenye yesithathu inezinkinga ezinkulu. Ubunzima bokuphulukana ngokuvamile kuncike ekutheni ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha kangakanani nobunzima bokuvuvukala okuqala. I-physical therapy nokwenza kabusha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amandla akho okuphulukana.

UMbuzo 3: Ingabe i-transverse myelitis ingabuya ngemva kokwelashwa?

I-Transverse myelitis yangempela ayibuyi kaningi endaweni efanayo. Noma kunjalo, uma une-autoimmune condition efana ne-multiple sclerosis, ungase uhlangabezane nezehlakalo ezintsha zokuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zesimiso sakho sezinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqonda izingozi zakho ezithile futhi akhe uhlelo lokuqapha ukuze alandelele noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha. Ukulandelela njalo ukunakekelwa kubalulekile ekutholeni nasekuphatheni noma yikuphi ukuphindaphinda okungenzeka ngokushesha.

UMbuzo 4: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukana kwe-transverse myelitis?

Ukuphulukana kwe-transverse myelitis ngokuvamile kuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa kuqalile, kodwa inqubo ingaqhubeka ize ifike eminyakeni emibili noma ngaphezulu. Ukuphulukana okuningi kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, nakuba abanye abantu beqhubeka bebona ukuthuthuka isikhathi eside kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuphulukana sihluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezifana nobunzima bokuvuvukala, ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqalile ngokushesha kangakanani, nokuphendula kwakho komuntu siqu ekwelapheni nasekwenzeni kabusha.

UMbuzo 5: Ngingayivimba kanjani i-transverse myelitis?

Njengoba imbangela eqondile ye-transverse myelitis ngokuvamile ayaziwa, ayikho indlela eqinisekile yokuyivimba. Noma kunjalo, unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokuhlala unempilo enhle, uhlale uthola ama-vaccines ukuze uvikele ukutheleleka okungase kubangele lesi simo, futhi ulawule noma yiziphi izimo zokuzikhusela ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Uma unezingozi ezifana nezifo zokuzikhusela, sebenza eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze uqaphele isimo sakho futhi uthole ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha.