Uthola Lwe-Trichinosis? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Uthola lwe-trichinosis luyifo lokuphazamiseka okubangelwa yi-parasite oyithola ngokudla inyama engaphekwe kahle noma eluhlaza enenhlanzi ezincane ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Trichinella. Lezi zi-parasite ezincane kakhulu zihlala ezinhlangothini zezinyama futhi zingakwenza ube nomkhuhlane uma zingena emzimbeni wakho.

Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, uthola lwe-trichinosis luyingxenye encane emazweni athuthukile ngenxa yemithetho yokuphepha kokudla. Izimo eziningi zenzeka uma abantu bedla inyama yamasimu njengebheya, i-walrus, noma imikhiqizo yenyama yenkukhu ekhaya engaphekwe kahle. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lokhu kuvimbeka ngokuphelele futhi kuphekwa uma kubanjwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-trichinosis?

Izimpawu ze-trichinosis zikhula ngezigaba, zivame ukuqala ngezinkinga zokugaya ukudla ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokudla inyama eyingozi. Awungase ubone lutho ekuqaleni, kodwa izimpawu zivame ukuvela njengoba i-parasite ihamba emzimbeni wakho.

Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuzwakala njengomkhuhlane wesisu noma ukudla okungcolile. Nanka okungase ukubone evikini lokuqala:

• Ukuphefumula nokugabha
• Ukhukhula noma izisu eziphumile
• Ubuhlungu besisu nobuhlungu besisu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukudla
• Ukukhathala nokubukeka ungaphili kahle

Njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka kuya evikini lesibili, ungase ube nezimpawu ezinkulu. Lokhu kwenzeka uma i-parasite iqala ukuya ezinhlangothini zezinyama zakho:

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuthambile, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ezingalweni, nasezinzweni
• Ukhukhula olukhulu olungafika ku-104°F (40°C)
• Ukukhula oluzungezile amehlo nobuso
• Izinhlungu zekhanda ezingase zibe zinkulu
• Ukukhishwa kwesikhumba noma ukukhazimula
• Ubunzima bokuhlafuna noma ukugwinya
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo akho noma ukubona kahle

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukutheleleka okukhulu kungathinta inhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho. Lezi zinkinga ezinkulu zivame kakhulu uma udle inyama eningi enesifo noma une-immune system ebuthakathaka.

Yini ebangela i-trichinosis?

I-Trichinosis iyenzeka uma udle inyama enesifo se-Trichinella larvae, ezingama-worm amancane kangangokuba awunakukubona. Umthombo ovame kakhulu yinyama yenkukhu engaphekwe kahle, kodwa izilwane zasendle zivame ukuphatha lezi zi-parasite namuhla.

Nansi indlela ongatholwa ngayo isifo:

• Ukudla inyama yenkukhu engaphekwe kahle, ikakhulukazi emapulazini amancane noma imikhiqizo yasekhaya
• Ukudla inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekwe kahle yamasimu njengebheya, i-walrus, inyama yengulube yasendle, noma i-cougar
• Ukudla ukudla kwesiko njenge-sausages zasekhaya ezingaphekwe kahle
• Ukudla inyama yezilwane ezidle izinsalela ezinesifo noma ezinye izilwane

Inyama yenkukhu yezohwebo emazweni athuthukile iphephile kakhulu manje ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yokondla. Izingulube azisaphinde zondliwe izinsalela zenyama eluhlaza, okuye kwanciphisa kakhulu amanani okutheleleka. Noma kunjalo, izilwane zasendle kanye nezingulube ezikhuliswe emapulazini amancane zingase ziqhubeke ziphatha i-parasite.

Awukwazi ukuthola i-trichinosis komunye umuntu. Ukutheleleka kuphela kusakazeka ngokudla inyama enesifo.

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela nge-trichinosis?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uthola izimpawu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokudla inyama engaphekwe kahle, ikakhulukazi inyama yamasimu noma inyama yenkukhu evela emithonjeni engaqinisekisiwe. Ukwelapha ngokushesha kusebenza kangcono kunokulinda.

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu ezinkulu njengokukhuluka okukhulu, ubuhlungu bemisipha obukhulu, noma ubunzima bokuqeda umoya. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukutheleleka okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungalindi uma une-facial swelling, izinhlungu zekhanda ezinkulu, noma i-heart palpitations. Nakuba kungavamile, lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-trichinosis?

Imisebenzi ethile nezimo zingase zikwenze ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-trichinosis. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kungakusiza uhlale uphephile uma ulungiselela futhi udle inyama.

Ube sengozini enkulu uma:

• Uzingela izilwane zasendle noma udle inyama evela kubazingeli
• Uhamba emazweni lapho i-trichinosis ivame kakhulu khona
• Udla ezindaweni zokudlela noma emakhaya lapho imikhuba yokuphepha kokudla iphansi khona
• Udla imikhiqizo yenyama yasekhaya noma yesiko
• Une-immune system ebuthakathaka ngenxa yesifo noma imithi
• Uhlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya lapho ukukhulisa izingulube zasekhaya kuvamile khona

Ezinye izindawo zinezinga eliphezulu lokutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zaseMpumalanga Yurophu, e-Asia, nasezindaweni lapho ukudla inyama yamasimu kuvamile khona. Uma uhamba noma uhlala kulezi zindawo, ukunakekela okwengeziwe ngokulungiselela inyama kubalulekile.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-trichinosis?

Abantu abaningi bayaphila kahle nge-trichinosis ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihlala njalo, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Noma kunjalo, ukutheleleka okukhulu kungase kube nezinkinga ezinkulu ezithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho.

Nansi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke okufanele uzibone:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo
• Ubunzima bokuqeda umoya uma i-parasite ithinta i-diaphragm yakho
• Izinkinga zobuchopho nesistimu yezinzwa, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obukhulu obuhlala izinyanga
• I-blood clots ezitsheni zegazi ezincane
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial okubangelwa yizinto ezingaphandle

Lezi zinkinga ezinkulu azivamile futhi zivame kakhulu kubantu abane-infections ezinkulu noma i-immune system ebuthakathaka. Abantu abaningi abaphilile baye bahlushwa ubuhlungu bemisipha nokukhathala okuthuthuka kancane ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni.

Indlela yokuvimbela i-trichinosis?

Ukuvimbela i-trichinosis kulula futhi kuphelele ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwakho. Okubalulekile ukupheka nokuphatha inyama kahle, ikakhulukazi inyama yenkukhu neyamasela.

Nansi indlela yokuzivimbela wena nomndeni wakho:

• Pheka yonke inyama yenkukhu neyamasela kuze kufike emazingeni okushisa angaphakathi angu-160°F (71°C)
• Sebenzisa i-thermometer yenyama ukuhlola ukushisa engxenyeni ebukhulu
• Gcina inyama yenkukhu ku-5°F (-15°C) amasonto amathathu ukubulala i-parasite
• Gwema ukudla imikhiqizo yenyama eluhlaza noma engaphekwe kahle
• Qaphela kakhulu nge-sausages zasekhaya kanye nokulungiselela kwesiko
• Hlambulula zonke izinto nama-utensils athinte inyama eluhlaza

Ukugcina akuyona indlela yokubulala zonke izinhlobo ze-Trichinella, ikakhulukazi lezo ezitholakala ezinzwaneni zasendle ezivela emazweni apholile. Ukupheka kuhlala kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokuzivimbela. Uma ungaqiniseki, pheka inyama kahle kuze kube yilapho ingasaphinki ngaphakathi.

Indlela yokuxilongwa kwe-trichinosis?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-trichinosis kungase kube nzima ngoba izimpawu zokuqala zifana nezifo eziningi. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngemikhuba yakho yokudla yakamuva kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ozitholile.

Izivivinyo zegazi yindlela eyinhloko yokuqinisekisa i-trichinosis. Udokotela wakho uzobheka ama-antibodies esistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo eyenza ukulwa ne-parasite. Noma kunjalo, lezi zi-antibodies zithatha isikhathi ukuthuthukisa, ngakho ukuhlolwa kokuqala kungase kungabonisi ukutheleleka.

Ezinye izivivinyo udokotela wakho angase azilahle:

• Ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi okuphelele ukuhlola izicubu ezimhlophe zegazi ezikhulayo
• Izivivinyo ze-enzyme yemisipha ukuthola ukulimala kwemisipha
• I-muscle biopsy ezimweni ezingavamile lapho ukuxilongwa kungacaci khona
• Izivivinyo zesitsha, nakuba lokhu kuvame ukungabi usizo nge-trichinosis

Isikhathi sokuhlolwa kubalulekile. Izivivinyo zegazi zinembile kakhulu emavikini angu-3-4 ngemva kokutheleleka lapho amazinga e-antibody aphezulu khona. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukuphinda izivivinyo uma imiphumela yokuqala ingalungile kodwa izimpawu ziqhubeka.

Ukuphathwa kwe-trichinosis?

Ukuphathwa kwe-trichinosis kuncike ekuthini ukutheleleka kwakho kukhulu kangakanani nokuthi ube nezimpawu isikhathi esingakanani. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kusebenza kangcono, kodwa ngisho nokwelashwa kamuva kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokunika imithi yokulwa ne-parasite ukubulala ama-worm. Imithi evamile yi-albendazole noma i-mebendazole, oyoyithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini. Le miithi isebenza kangcono uma iqalwa ekuqaleni kokutheleleka.

Ukuthuthukisa izimpawu, udokotela wakho angase futhi akukhuthaze:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ngenxa yobuhlungu bemisipha nezinhlungu zekhanda
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ukuthuthukisa ukukhula
• I-Corticosteroids ngenxa yokuqina okukhulu kwemisipha
• Imithi yokunciphisa ukhukhula ukulawula amazinga okushisa aphezulu

Uma unezinkinga ezinkulu ezithinta inhliziyo yakho noma ukuqeda umoya, ungase udinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela. Abantu abaningi bangaphila ekhaya ngemithi efanele nokuphumula.

Indlela yokunakekela wena ekhaya ngesikhathi se-trichinosis?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningi ongenza zona ekhaya ukusiza umzimba wakho uphulukise futhi ulawule izimpawu ngokunethezeka.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa. Umzimba wakho usebenza kanzima ukulwa nokutheleleka, ngakho ungazicindelisi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile. Thatha isikhathi emsebenzini noma esikoleni uma kudingeka, futhi ulalele lokho umzimba wakho okutshela khona.

Hlala uthambile ngokunisela amanzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi uma unekhukhula noma ukhukhula. Ukudla okulula, okulula ukukugaya kungasiza uma uhlushwa ukuphefumula noma izinkinga zesisu.

Ngezinhlungu zemisipha nokuqina, zama:

• Ukugqoka okufudumele noma ama-heating pads emisipha ebuhlungu
• Ukuqina okulula uma uzizwa ukhululekile
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu evela esitolo njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshele khona
• Ukuthambisa okulula ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi

Qapha izimpawu zakho futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ziya kubi noma izimpawu ezintsha zivele. Ukuphulukisa kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, ngakho-ke bekezela nenqubo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ngokuya kudokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu nokuxilongwa okuqondile. Cabanga ngezimpawu zakho nemisebenzi yakamuva ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani. Yiba ocacile ngesikhathi nobunzima bezimpawu ngayinye. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda ukuqhubeka kwesifo sakho.

Lungela ukuxoxa ngokudla kwakho kwamuva, ikakhulukazi noma iyiphi inyama oyidlele inyanga edlule. Faka imininingwane mayelana:

• Izinhlobo zenyama ezidliwe (inyama yenkukhu, amasimu, njll.)
• Indlela inyama elungiswe futhi yaphekwa ngayo
• Lapho inyama ivela khona (indawo yokudlela, ukuzingela, njll.)
• Omunye umuntu odlile inyama efanayo kanye nezimpawu zabo

Letha uhlu lwemithi oyithathayo kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ungakhohlwa ukukhuluma nganoma yikuphi ukuhamba kwakamuva noma imisebenzi yangaphandle engase ibe yiyona ebalulekile.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule mayelana ne-trichinosis?

I-Trichinosis iyifo lokutheleleka elivikelayo ongaligwema ngokupheka inyama kahle, ikakhulukazi inyama yenkukhu neyamasela. Nakuba izimpawu zingase zibe zingezinhle futhi ngezinye izikhathi zinkulu, abantu abaningi bayaphila kahle ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuvimbela kuphelele ezandleni zakho. Njalo pheka inyama kuze kufike emazingeni okushisa aphephile, sebenzisa i-thermometer yenyama, futhi qaphela kakhulu ngenyama yamasimu nemikhiqizo yenyama yasekhaya.

Uma uthola izimpawu ngemva kokudla inyama engase ibe nesifo, ungangabazi ukuya kudokotela. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kuholela emiphumeleni emihle futhi kungavimbela izinkinga. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuvimbela, i-trichinosis ayidingi ukuba ukukhathazeka empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-trichinosis

Ungayithola yini i-trichinosis enyameni ephinkiwe kahle?

Cha, awukwazi ukuthola i-trichinosis enyameni ephinkiwe kahle. Ukupheka inyama kuze kufike emazingeni okushisa angaphakathi angu-160°F (71°C) kubulala zonke i-parasite ze-Trichinella. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka kuphela uma udle inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekwe kahle enezinto eziphilayo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukisa i-trichinosis?

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka kuye ekuthini ukutheleleka kwakho kukhulu kangakanani. Izimo ezilula zingase ziphulukise emavikini ambalwa, kuyilapho ukutheleleka okukhulu kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele. Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokukhathala kuvame ukuba izimpawu zokugcina eziyaphela, ngezinye izikhathi zihlala izinyanga ezingu-2-6.

Ingabe i-trichinosis iyadlulisela kubantu?

Cha, i-trichinosis ayidluliseli kubantu. Ungatheleleka kuphela ngokudla inyama enesifo. I-parasite idinga ukuphelelisa umjikelezo wayo ezinhlangothini zezinyama, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusakazeka ngokuthintana okuvamile, ukukhokha, noma ukudlulisela kwabantu.

Ingabe ukugcina inyama kungabulala i-parasite ye-trichinella?

Ukugcina kungabulala ezinye izinhlobo ze-parasite ze-Trichinella, kodwa hhayi zonke. Ukugcina ekhaya okuvamile ku-5°F (-15°C) amasonto amathathu kungabulala i-parasite evame ukutholakala enyameni yenkukhu. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zase-Arctic ezitholakala ezinzwaneni zasendle zihlala ziphila ngisho nokugcinwa, ngakho ukupheka kuhlala kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-trichinosis nezinye izifo zokudla?

I-Trichinosis ikhula ngezigaba futhi ibangela ubuhlungu bemisipha obuhlukile nokuvuvukala kobuso okungavamile kwezinye izifo zokudla. Nakuba izimpawu zokuqala zingase zifane nokudla okungcolile, ukuqhubeka kwezimpawu zemisipha kanye nesikhathi sokuqala kwezimpawu kusisiza ukwahlukanisa i-trichinosis nezifo ze-bacterial njenge-salmonella noma i-E. coli.