Iyini i-Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) uhlobo lolwempilo oluthinta ingxube yamathambo, olukhula kunoma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni wakho, nakuba kuvame ukubonakala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma emzimbeni. Lolu hlobo lukansela luthola igama lawo ngoba amaseli ahlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye uma kubhekwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo, futhi awafani naluhlobo oluthile lwenyama yomzimba evamile.

I-UPS ithathelwa ingqalelo njengukansela oluyimfihlo, oluthinta abantu abay-1 ku-100,000 unyaka ngamunye. Nakuba ukuthola leli qiniso kungase kube nzima, ukuqonda ukuthi yini oyilwela kungakusiza uzizwe ulungile futhi uqiniseke nge-adventure yakho yokwelashwa.

Iyini i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

I-Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma yilwempilo olukhula ezicutshini zakho ezithambile njengemisipha, amanoni, imithambo yegazi, noma izicutshini ezihlanganisa. Igama elithi "undifferentiated" lisho ukuthi amaseli akansela awafani naluhlobo oluthile lweselula evamile, okwenza kube nzima ukuwahlukanisa.

Igama elithi "Pleomorphic" lichaza ukuthi la maseli akansela avela ngezindlela ezahlukene nobukhulu uma kubhekwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubonakala kuyisici esiyinhloko odokotela abalisebenzisela ukubona lolu hlobo lwe-sarcoma.

I-UPS ivame ukukhula njengomthamo oluqinile, ongenaphimbo, ongahluka kusuka kuma-sentimitha ambalwa kuya kwabakhulu. Abantu abaningi bayiqaphela okokuqala njengomthamo oqhubeka ukhula ngesikhathi esingangamaviki noma izinyanga.

Lolu hlobo lukansela luvame ukuthinta abantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 kuya kwengu-70, nakuba lungase lube khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Amadoda nabesifazane bayathinteka ngokulinganayo, futhi lungase lukhule kubantu bazo zonke izizwe.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Isici sokuqala esivame kakhulu se-UPS yilomthamo ongenaphimbo noma umthamo ongawubona ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lo mthamo uvame ukuzizwa uqinile noma uqine uma uthinta futhi ungase ukhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Abantu abaningi abazizwa buhlungu ekuqaleni, okwenza ngezinye izikhathi kube nokulibaziseka ekufuneni ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Nazi izimpawu ongaziqaphela:

• Umathombo oluqinile, olukhula noma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni wakho
• Ukukhula kwendawo ethintekile
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi njengoba umdlavuza ukhula
• Ukunciphisa ukunyakaza uma umdlavuza uthinta imisipha noma izintambo
• Ukungazizwa noma ukukhahlela uma umdlavuza ucindezela izinzwa

Abanye abantu bazizwa izimpawu ezithile kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ukhula kuphi. Uma i-UPS ikhula ohlangothini lwakho noma engalweni, ungase uqaphele ubuthakathaka noma ubunzima bokuhambisa lelo lungu lomzimba ngokujwayelekile.

Kwezinye izikhathi, uma i-UPS ikhula ezicutshini ezingaphakathi noma ithonya izitho zangaphakathi, ungase uzizwe izimpawu ezijwayelekile njengokulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki, ukukhathala, noma ukufiphaza. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu azivamile futhi zivame ukubonakala kuphela uma isifo sesifikile.

Yini ebangela i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Imbangela eqondile ye-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ikhula lapho amaseli avamile ezicutshini zakho ezithambile ehlala eguquka ngokuzalwa okubangela ukukhula okungenakulawuleka. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukwenzeka ngokungahleliwe kunokuba zidluliselwe kubazali bakho.

Izici eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekukhuleni kwe-UPS, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici zingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile ukansela:

• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngaphambili ngenxa yomunye umdlavuza
• Ukubhekana nezinto ezithile eziyingozi noma eziyingozi
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli noma ukulimala kwezicutshini ezithambile
• Izimo ezithile zofuzo eziwumfuzo (yimfihlo kakhulu)
• Ukuguquka kwamaseli okuhlobene neminyaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngaphambili kuyisici esiqinisekisiwe sokungena engozini. Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngenxa yomunye umdlavuza eminyakeni eminingi edlule, kunengozi encane yokukhula kwe-UPS endaweni ephulukisiwe ngaphambili.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-UPS abanazo izici zengozi ezicacile. Ukansela ubonakala ukukhula ngokungahleliwe kubantu abaphilile, okungase kube nzima uma uzama ukuqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeke kuwe.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngenxa ye-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Kufanele ubona udokotela wakho uma uqaphela noma iyiphi imithombo emisha noma umthamo ohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma ikhula noma iyahleka. Nakuba imithombo eminingi ibonakala iyinhle, kuhlale kungcono ukuthi ihlolwe kusenesikhathi.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha uma uqaphela lezi zibonakaliso zexwayiso:

• Umathombo omkhulu kunama-intshi angu-2 (ama-sentimitha angu-5) ububanzi
• Noma iyiphi imithombo ekhula noma eguqula ubukhulu
• Umathombo oluzizwa luqine noma olukhuni
• Ubuhlungu, ukungazizwa, noma ubuthakathaka endaweni ethintekile
• Noma iyiphi imithombo ephazamisa ukunyakaza okujwayelekile

Ungalindi uma umthombo ukukhathaza noma uthinta imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa ngokuvamile kuholela eziphumeleni ezinhle nge-sarcomas.

Uma unomlando wokwelashwa ngomgogodla, qaphela ngokukhethekile mayelana nemithombo emisha ezindaweni eziphathwe ngaphambili. Nakuba ingozi isencane, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuhlola noma iyiphi imithombo emisha ngokuningiliziwe.

Ziyini izici zengozi ze-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Ukuqonda izici zengozi kungakusiza uhlale uqaphile ngezibonakaliso zexwayiso, nakuba ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula i-UPS. Abantu abaningi abaneli kansela abanazo izici zengozi eziqondakali.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi abaguli abazitholile zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka phakathi kweminyaka engama-50-70 (nakuba ingase ibe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka)
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngaphambili, ngokuvamile eminyakeni engama-10-20 ngaphambili
• Izimo ezithile zofuzo ezingavamile njenge-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Ukubhekana nezinto ezithile eziyingozi ezindaweni zomsebenzi
• I-lymphedema engapheli (ukukhula okungapheli)

Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngaphambili kuyisici esiqinisekisiwe kakhulu sokungena engozini. Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ngenxa yomdlavuza wamabele, i-lymphoma, noma omunye umdlavuza, kunengozi encane yokukhula kwe-UPS endaweni ephulukisiwe eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.

Izimo ezithile zofuzo eziwumfuzo zingase futhi zikhulise ingozi, kodwa lezi zibala ngaphansi kuka-5% lazo zonke izimo ze-UPS. Abantu abaningi abane-UPS abanalo umlando womndeni wukansela futhi abanalo ubukhulu obukhulu bobukhulu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izici zokuphila njengokudla, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukubhema kubonakala kungathinti kakhulu ingozi ye-UPS. Lolu hlobo lukansela lubonakala lukhula ngokungahleliwe kunokuba kube ngenxa yezici ezingavikeleki.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Nakuba abantu abaningi abane-UPS bangaphathwa ngempumelelo, ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke kukusiza wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke futhi nini okufanele uxhumane neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu nge-UPS yikhono layo lokubhebhetheka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho uma lingaphathwa ngokushesha.

Izinhlanganisela ezinkulu kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-Metastasis (ukubhebhetheka) emaphaphwini, e-liver, noma kwezinye izitho
• Ukubuyela kwendawo ngemuva kokwelashwa
• Ukonakala kwezinzwa uma umdlavuza ucindezela izinzwa ezibalulekile
• Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wemisipha noma izintambo ezithintekile
• Izinhlanganisela ezivela ekuhlinzweni noma kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha

I-UPS inenkambo yokubhebhetheka ngomgogodla wegazi, ngamaphunga eyi-site evamile ye-metastasis. Yingakho udokotela wakho cishe azo-oda ukucwaninga kwamaphaphu njengengxenye yokuhlola kwakho kokuqala nokunakekelwa okulandelayo.

Ukubuyela kwendawo, lapho ukansela ubuya khona endaweni efanayo ngemuva kokwelashwa, kungenzeka uma amaseli akansela amancane esele ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Yingakho ukususwa ngokuphelele kokwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa ngemikhawulo ecacile kubalulekile kangaka.

Kwezinye izikhathi, imithombo emikhulu ingabangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukucindezela kwemithambo yegazi ebalulekile, izinzwa, noma izitho, kuye ngendawo yomthombo.

I-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola i-UPS kudinga izinyathelo eziningi ukuqinisekisa uhlobo lukansela nokuthola ukuthi luye lwabhebhetheka kangakanani. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola ngokomzimba bese u-oda ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuze uthole isithombe esiphelele.

Inkqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlola ngokomzimba nomlando wezokwelapha
2. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe (i-MRI, i-CT scan, noma i-ultrasound)
3. I-Biopsy ukuhlola ingxube ngaphansi komkhiqizo
4. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuhlola ukubhebhetheka (ukubeka isigaba)
5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic yomthombo (ezinye izikhathi)

I-biopsy iyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ngoba yiyona kuphela indlela yokuhlola i-UPS ngokuqinisekile. Udokotela wakho uzokususa ingxenye encane yomthombo usebenzisa unhlangothi noma ngokusika okuncane kokwelashwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kusiza ukuthola ubukhulu nokuma komthombo, kanye nobuhlobo bawo nezinto eziseduze njengemithambo yegazi, izinzwa, namathambo. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekucwaningeni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Ukuhlolwa kokubeka isigaba, okungase kuhlanganise i-X-rays yamaphaphu noma i-CT scans, kusiza ukuthola ukuthi ukansela luye lwabhebhetheka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Lolu lwazi luthinta kakhulu izinketho zakho zokwelashwa kanye ne-prognosis.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwe-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Ukuphathwa kwe-UPS ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela ezilungiselelwe isimo sakho esithile. Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa, ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa ngomgogodla noma i-chemotherapy ukuze uthole ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukisa.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungase luhlanganise:

• Ukuhlinzwa ukususa umthombo ngemikhawulo ecacile
• Ukuphathwa ngomgogodla ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
• I-Chemotherapy, ikakhulukazi ngemithombo emikhulu noma ephakeme
• Ukuphathwa okuqondiswe noma i-immunotherapy (ezinye izikhathi)
• Ukubuyiselwa nokunakekelwa okusekayo

Ukuhlinzwa kugqamele ekususeni umthombo wonke kanye nomkhawulo wenyama yomzimba ephilele ezungezile. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kudinga ukususwa kwemisipha ethintekile, futhi kwezinye izikhathi, ukunqunywa kwelungu lomzimba kungase kudingeke, nakuba ukuhlinzwa kokulondoloza amalungu lomzimba kungenzeka ezimweni eziningi.

Ukuphathwa ngomgogodla kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubulala amaseli akansela futhi ngokuvamile kunikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukunciphisa umthombo noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amaseli akansela asaleyo. Isikhathi siye ngesimo sakho esithile.

I-Chemotherapy ingase icelwe uma umthombo wakho mkhulu, uphezulu, noma uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokubhebhetheka okuncane. Nakuba i-UPS ingaphenduli ngokuqondile e-chemotherapy, ingase ibe usizo ezimweni ezithile.

Iqembu lakho lokwelapha lizohlangana ndawonye ukudala uhlelo olukuhlinzeka ngethuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukisa ngenkathi kulondolozwa umsebenzi omningi ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni ethintekile.

Indlela yokuphatha i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-UPS ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukunakekela wena ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nokubuyiselwa ngenkathi uqaphela noma yikuphi ukuguquka okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukududuzeka kwakho nokuphulukisa kwakho kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluphelele.

Nazi izindlela zokusekela impilo yakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Landela isimiso sakho somuthi ngokuqondile njengoba kunqunyiwe
• Gcina izindawo zokuhlinzwa zicocekile futhi zomile njengoba kunqunyiwe
• Gcina ukudla okuhle ukusekela ukululama
• Hlala usebenza njengoba udokotela wakho ekuncoma
• Qapha izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izinhlanganisela

Qaphela noma yikuphi ukuguquka endaweni yakho yokuhlinzwa, njengokwanda kokubomvu, ukukhula, ukushisa, noma ukopha. Lokhu kungase kube izimpawu zokutheleleka okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile nokwelashwa komzimba, njengoba kunconywe yiqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo, kungasiza ekuqondeni amandla nokuguquguquka ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa. Ungazicindelisi kakhulu, kodwa ukuhlala usebenza ngokulinganisela ngokuvamile kusiza ekululameni.

Ukuphatha imiphumela ebiyelayo evela e-chemotherapy noma emgogodleni kungase kuhlanganise ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile uma uzwa ukugula, ukuhlala uthambile, nokuphumula okuningi uma uzwa ukukhathala.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo. Ukuba nemibuzo yakho nokukhathazeka kwakho kuhlangene kungasiza ekuthambiseni ukukhathazeka nokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho lutho olubalulekile olulibaleke.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza lolu lwazi:

• Uhlu lwawo wonke imithi yakho yamanje kanye nezithasiselo
• Umbhalo wakho ophelele wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza wangaphambili
• Umbhalo womndeni wukansela noma izimo zofuzo
• Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezithombe noma imiphumela yokuhlola evela kwabanye odokotela
• Ulwazi loku-inshurensi namafomu okudlulisela uma kudingeka

Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho kusenesikhathi ukuze ungayikhohlwa ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise ukubuza ngezinketho zokwelashwa, imiphumela ebiyelayo, i-prognosis, nokuthi ukwelashwa kungase kuthinte kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Cabanga ukuletha umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukukusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Ukuba nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo kungase futhi kusize uma ubhekene nokuhlolwa kukansela.

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi achaze noma yini ongayiqondi. Kubalulekile ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa futhi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyilindele.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

I-Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma yilwempilo oluyimfihlo kodwa oluphulukiswayo oludinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha nokuphathwa okuphelele. Nakuba ukuthola leli qiniso kungase kube nzima, abantu abaningi abane-UPS bangaphathwa ngempumelelo, ikakhulukazi uma ukansela utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi awukawubhebhetheki kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa yiqembu le-sarcoma elikhulu kuwathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela. Uma uqaphela noma iyiphi imithombo ehlala isikhathi eside, ungalindi ukuthi ihlolwe.

Isimo sabo bonke abantu sihlukile, futhi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzolungiselelwa ngokukhethekile izidingo zakho. Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo, ukubuza imibuzo, nokuba olukhulu mayelana nesimo sakho kuzokusiza uzizwe ulawula uhambo lwakho.

Nakuba indlela engaphambili ingase ibonakale ilukhuni, khumbula ukuthi ukuthuthuka ekwelapheni i-sarcoma kuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imiphumela kubantu abane-UPS. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lilapho ukusekela yonke inyathelo lendlela.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

Q.1 Ingabe i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ihlale ibhubhisa?

Cha, i-UPS ayihlali ibhubhisa. Abantu abaningi abane-UPS bangaphulile, ikakhulukazi uma ukansela utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi awukawubhebhetheki kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. I-prognosis iye ngezinto ezifana nobukhulu nendawo yomthombo, ukuthi ubuye lwabhebhetheka, nokuthi uyaphendula kangcono kanjani ekwelapheni. Ngokwelashwa okufanele okuvela eqenjini le-sarcoma elikhulu, abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo.

Q.2 Ingabe i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ingabuya ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Yebo, i-UPS ingabuya ngemuva kokwelashwa, nakuba lokhu kungenzeki kubo bonke. Ukubuyela kwendawo efanayo kwenzeka cishe ku-10-20% yezimo, kuyilapho ukubuyela okude (i-metastasis) kungavamile. Yingakho ukuvakasha okujwayelekile kokulandelela nokucwaninga kwezithombe kubalulekile kangaka. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokubuyela kunikeza ukwelashwa ngokushesha, okusengase kube nomphumela.

Q.3 I-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani?

I-UPS ngokuvamile ikhula kancane ngamaviki kuya ezinyangeni, nakuba izinga lokukhula lingase lihluke komunye nomunye. Eminye imithombo ingase ikhule ngokushesha, kuyilapho abanye bekhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside. Izinga lomthombo, elichaza ukuthi amaseli akansela abukeka kanjani ngaphansi komkhiqizo, linganikeza odokotela umbono wokuthi lingase likhule futhi libhebhetheke ngokushesha kangakanani.

Q.4 Ingabe ngizodinga ukunqunywa kwelungu lomzimba uma ngine-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma?

Ukunqunywa kwelungu lomzimba akudingeki ngokuvamile nge-UPS. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kokulondoloza amalungu lomzimba kungasusa ngempumelelo umthombo ngenkathi kulondolozwa ingalo noma unyawo oluthintekile. Amakhono okuhlinzwa okuthuthukile, kuhlanganiswe nokuphathwa ngomgogodla, kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bafinyelele ekulawuleni okuhle kukansela ngenkathi belondoloza umsebenzi. Ukunqunywa kwelungu lomzimba kucabangelwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbalwa lapho kudingeka khona ukususa ukansela ngokuphelele.

Q.5 Ingabe i-undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma iyofuzo?

I-UPS ayivamile ukuba yofuzo. Ngaphansi kuka-5% yezimo ezihlobene nezimo zofuzo eziwumfuzo njenge-Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Iningi labantu abane-UPS abanalo umlando womndeni wesifo futhi abanalo ubukhulu obukhulu bobukhulu. Ukansela ngokuvamile ukhula ngenxa yokuhlala eguquka ngokuzalwa okwenzeka phakathi nempilo yomuntu kunokuba kudluliselwe kubazali.