Ukuvimba kwe-Ureteral: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kwenzeka lapho kukhona okuvimba ukugeleza komchamo ngomnye noma bobabili abaphethe bakho be-ureters. Lezi yizikhwephu ezincinyane ezithwala umchamo ezinso zakho ecishe emathunjini.

Cabanga nge-ureters yakho njengezinyosi zegadidi ezihlanganisa izinso zakho necishe lakho. Uma zivinjelwe, umchamo ubuyela emuva esinzweni sakho, okungabangela ubuhlungu futhi kwenze umonakalo esinzweni sakho uma ungaphathwa. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izincazelo eziningi zingaphathwa ngempumelelo uma odokotela beqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukuvimba.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Isici esivamile kakhulu yubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu emhlane wakho noma eceleni oluza ngamaza. Lobu buhlungu buqala ngokuvamile endaweni yakho yeflank futhi bungaya e groin njengoba isikhathi sihamba.

Nawa izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo, kusukela ezivamile kakhulu kuya kwezingavamile:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu emhlane, eceleni, noma esiswini esingezansi
• Igazi lomchamo, limenza libe pinki, libomvu, noma libe nsundu
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha
• Ukuphuma komchamo njalo noma ukuzizwa sengathi udinga ukuphuma komchamo ngokushesha
• Ukuzwakala kokushisa uma uphuma umchamo
• Ukuqina nokuthanda uma kukhula ukutheleleka
• Ukuphuma komchamo okuncane
• Ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni zakho noma eduze kwamehlo akho

Ngokungavamile, abanye abantu bahlangabezana nokucindezela kwegazi eliphakeme noma ukungakwazi ukuphuma komchamo uma bobabili abaphethe be-ureters bevinjelwe. Ubukhulu bezimpawu zakho buvamise ukuxhomeka ekutheni ukuvimba kuye kwakhuphuka kanjani ngokushesha nokuthi kuyingxenye noma kuphelele.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kuhlukaniswe ngokusekelwe lapho kwenzeka khona nokuthi yini ekuholelela kukho. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza odokotela ukuba bakhethe indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

Ngokuya ngendawo, ukuvimba kungenzeka ezintweni ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukuvimba kwe-ureter ephezulu eduze lapho ixhumeka khona esinzweni sakho
• Ukuvimba kwe-ureter ephakathi eceleni komzila we-tube nge-pelvis yakho
• Ukuvimba kwe-ureter ephansi eduze lapho kungena khona ecishe lakho

Odokotela futhi bahlukanisa ukuvimba njengokuthi kungaphakathi (kubangelwa okuthile ngaphakathi kwe-ureter) noma ngaphandle (kubangelwa ukucindezela kwizakhiwo ezingaphandle). Izimbangela ezingaphakathi zihlanganisa amatshe ezinso noma iziphumu ngaphakathi kwe-ureter ngokwayo, kuyilapho izimbangela ezingaphandle zihlanganisa amalungu omzimba noma izicubu eziseduze ecindezela i-ureter.

Yini ebangela ukuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Amatshe ezinso yiyona imbangela evamile kakhulu yokuvimba kwe-ureteral, ehambisana cishe ngamaphesenti angu-80 ezimo. Lezi zinto eziqine zenza ezinso zakho futhi zingabanjwa njengoba zizama ukuhamba nge-ureter encane.

Nawa ama-causes amakhulu, eqala ngokuvamile kakhulu:

• Amatshe ezinso amakhulu ahlukene kanye nezinto
• Iziphumu e-ureter, ecishe, noma amalungu omzimba aseduze
• Izicubu ze-scar ezivela ekuhlinzweni kwangaphambili noma ekutholakaleni
• Igazi elikhulu eliqala ngemuva kokulimaza noma ukuhlinzwa
• I-lymph nodes ezinkulu ecindezela i-ureter
• Ukukhulelwa, njengoba isisu esikhula singacindezela i-ureters
• Ukungaqondakali okungokwemvelo okuvela ekuzalweni

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukuvuvukala okukhulu okuvela ezimweni ezinjenge-retroperitoneal fibrosis, lapho izicubu ze-scar zikhula khona eduze kwe-ureters yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi ethile noma izinqubo zezokwelapha zingadala ukuvimba okwesikhashana, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu emhlane noma eceleni oluza ngamaza, ikakhulukazi uma luhambisana nokuphefumula, ukugabha, noma igazi lomchamo. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuvimba okukhulu okudingayo ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Shaya udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma une-fever nokuthanda kanye nezimpawu zokuphefumula, njengoba lokhu kungabonisa ukutheleleka okubi. Funa futhi ukunakekelwa okusheshayo uma ungakwazi ukuphuma komchamo nhlobo noma uqaphela ukwehla okukhulu ekuphumeni komchamo wakho ngamahora amaningana.

Ngisho nezimpawu ezilula njengobuningi obuhlala isikhathi eside emhlane ophansi, ukushintsha emaphethini okuphefumula komchamo, noma umchamo oqabulayo kufanele ubone udokotela usuku noma amabili. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungavimbela ukuphazamiseka futhi kulondoloze umsebenzi wesinso sakho.

Ziyini izimbangela zokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Izinto ezithile zikwenza kube lula ukukhula kokuvimba kwe-ureteral. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela lapho kungenzeka khona.

Izimbangela ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Umlando wamatshe ezinso, okwandisa amathuba akho amatshe esikhathi esizayo
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi, njengoba umchamo oqine ukhulisa ukwakheka kwamatshe
• Umlando womndeni wamatshe ezinso noma izinkinga zendlela yomchamo
• Imikhuba ethile yokudla, njengokudla okuningi kwenkuntshana noma ukudla okuncane kwe-calcium
• Isimo sezempilo ezinjengesihlalo, ukucindezela kwegazi eliphakeme, noma i-gout
• Ukwelashwa kweminyaka yangaphambili, ikakhulukazi ukukhanya endaweni ye-pelvic
• Ukukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwesibili nesithathu
• Ukungaqondakali komzimba wendlela yomchamo

Imithi ethile, kuhlanganise ne-diuretics ethile kanye ne-calcium supplements, ingakwandisa ingozi yakho. Amadoda avame ukuba namatshe ezinso, kuyilapho abesifazane bebhekene nezingozi eziphezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokushintsha komzimba.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Uma kushiywa ungaphathwa, ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kungadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu okuthinta umsebenzi wesinso sakho nempilo yakho yonke. Ubukhulu buxhomeke ekutheni ukuvimba kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi kuphelele noma yingxenye.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwesinso (pyelonephritis), okungaba yingozi eyingozi
• Umonakalo wesinso ovela ekucindezeleni isikhathi eside nokubuyela emuva komchamo
• Amatshe ezinso akhula amakhulu ngenkathi ebanjwe
• Isifo sesinso esiqhubekayo uma ukuvimba kuqhubeka
• Ukucindezela kwegazi eliphakeme okuvela ekusebenzeni okubi kwesinso
• I-sepsis, ukutheleleka okukhulu okusabalala kulo lonke umzimba wakho

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ukuvimba okuphelele kwe-bilateral (bobabili abaphethe be-ureters bevinjelwe) kungabangela ukuhluleka kwesinso okukhulu, okudingayo ukuhlanzwa okusheshayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlanganisela eziningi zingavikeleka ngokuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa okufanele.

Ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kungavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimba zonke izimbangela zokuvimba kwe-ureteral, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokugxila ekuvimbeleni amatshe ezinso. Iningi lokuvimba libangelwa amatshe, ngakho ukuwavimbela yilona khona elihle kakhulu lokuzivikela.

Nawa amasu okuvimbela asebenzayo:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukuze ugcine umchamo uqhelelene
• Limita ukudla okuningi kwenkuntshana ukuze unciphise i-calcium emchameni wakho
• Dla i-calcium eyanele evela emithonjeni yokudla, hhayi i-supplements
• Nciphise ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu njengesi-spinach, ama-nuts, ne-chocolate uma ukhonjwa amatshe e-calcium oxalate
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganisekile nokuzivocavoca
• Landela iseluleko sika-dokotela wakho sokuphatha izimo ezingaphansi njengesihlalo noma i-gout

Uma uke waba namatshe ezinso ngaphambili, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukushintsha okukhethekile kokudla noma imithi ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwamatshe owawenza. Ukuvakasha okuqhubekayo kungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingaba khona ngokushesha.

Ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha, bese enza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Cishe bazocindezela esiswini sakho nasemuhlane ukuhlola ukuzwela noma ukuvuvukala.

Izivivinyo eziningana zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlolwa nokuthola ukuvimba:

• Izivivinyo zomchamo ukuhlola igazi, ukutheleleka, noma ama-crystals
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola umsebenzi wesinso nokubuka izimpawu zokutheleleka
• I-CT scan ngaphandle kokuphambana, okuyisilinganiso segolide sokuthola amatshe
• I-ultrasound ukubona ukuthi isinso sakho sivuvukile yini ngenxa yomchamo obuyiwe
• I-Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) ukubona ukugeleza komchamo
• I-MRI ezimweni ezikhethekile noma lapho ezinye izivivinyo zingapheli khona

I-CT scan ngokuvamile iyona izivivinyo ezisiza kakhulu ngoba ingabonisa indawo nekhulu lamatshe, kanye nokuthi isinso sakho sithinteka kangakanani. Udokotela wakho angalandela ezinye izivivinyo uma becabanga izimbangela ngaphandle kwamatshe ezinso.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Ukuphathwa kuxhomeke embangelweni, ebukhulu, nendawo yokuvimba kwakho. Izinjongo eziyinhloko ukukhulula ukuvimba, kulondoloze umsebenzi wesinso, futhi kuvimbele ukuphazamiseka.

Ngama-kidney stones, izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukulinda amatshe amancane angahamba ngokwemvelo
• Imithi yobuningi nokudla okuningi kwamanzi ukusiza amatshe ukuthi ahambe
• Imithi njenge-alpha-blockers ukuphumula imisipha ye-ureter
• I-shock wave lithotripsy ukwahlukanisa amatshe usebenzisa amaza omsindo
• I-ureteroscopy ukususa noma ukuhlukanisa amatshe nge-scope encane
• I-Percutaneous nephrolithotomy yama-kidney stones amakhulu kakhulu

Uma une-obstruction noma ukutheleleka okukhulu, udokotela wakho angaqala ngokubeka i-stent (i-tube encane) e-ureter yakho ukuze abuyisele ukugeleza komchamo ngokushesha. Le nqubo yesikhashana ikhulula ukucindezela esinzweni sakho ngenkathi uhlela ukwelashwa okuqinile.

Ngezimbangela ezingelona ilitshe ezinjengeziphumu noma izicubu ze-scar, ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngokukhanya, noma ezinye izinqubo ezikhethekile kuye ngesimo esingaphansi.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi sokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Ngesikhathi ulinde ukubona udokotela wakho noma phakathi kokwelashwa, kunezindlela eziphephile zokuphatha ubuhlungu bakho. Noma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi ukunakekelwa ekhaya akukushintshi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha.

Nawa ongayenza ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile:

• Faka ubushushu emhlane wakho noma eceleni usebenzisa i-heating pad ekubekweni okuphansi
• Thatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen njengoba kuqondiswe
• Phuza amanzi amaningi ukusiza ukuhlanza isistimu yakho
• Zama ukuhamba okuthambile njengokuhamba, okungasiza amatshe ukuthi ahambe
• Phumula ezindaweni ezikhululekile kakhulu
• Gwema ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu uma ukhonjwa amatshe e-calcium oxalate

Ungalokothi uqaphele izimpawu ezibi noma ulibale ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Uma ubuhlungu bakho bukhulu, uthola i-fever, noma awukwazi ukuphuma komchamo, lezi yizimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-appointment yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuba enze ukuhlolwa okuchane kanye nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu kuwe. Ukulungiselela okuhle kungakusiza futhi uzizwe uqinile futhi ungakhathazeki.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, buza le mininingwane ebalulekile:

• Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zinkulu kangakanani
• Bala yonke imithi, i-supplements, nama-vitamins owayithatha
• Qaphela umlando womndeni wamatshe ezinso noma izinkinga zendlela yomchamo
• Letha imiphumela yezivivinyo ezidlule noma izifundo zokubonisa uma uzinazo
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho kanye nezinketho zokwelapha
• Cabanga ukuthi ulethe umngani noma ilungu lomndeni othembekile lokusekela

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuba achaze noma yini ongayiqondi. Kubalulekile ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha futhi wazi ukuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Yini eyinhloko yokuthatha mayelana nokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kuyisimo esingaphathwa esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka. Iningi lezimimo libangelwa amatshe ezinso, angaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa kwamanje.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukungawaphephi izimpawu ezinjengobuningi obukhulu emhlane, igazi lomchamo, noma ukushintsha emaphethini okuphefumula komchamo. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kungalondoloza umsebenzi wesinso sakho futhi kuvimbele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela, abantu abaningi abane-ureteral obstruction bayaphulile ngokuphelele futhi bangathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yabo yezimo zesikhathi esizayo. Hlala unamanzi, landela izeluleko zika-dokotela wakho, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna usizo uma usikudinga.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuvimba kwe-ureteral

Q.1 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ilitshe lesinso ukuthi lihambe nge-ureter?

Amatshe amaningi ezinso amancane (angekho ngaphezulu kuka-4mm) ahambela ngokwemvelo phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-3. Amatshe amakhulu angathatha isikhathi eside noma adinge ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angalinganisela isikhathi ngokusekelwe ebukhulu belitshe nendawo kuzivivinyo zokubonisa.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuvimba kwe-ureteral kungabangela umonakalo wesinso ophakade?

Yebo, ukuvimba okuqhubekayo kungabangela umonakalo wesinso ophakade, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto kuya ezinyangeni ukuze kuqale. Ngokwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bayaphulukisa umsebenzi ophelele wesinso. Okubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu zivele.

Q.3 Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka njalo ngokuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Cha, ukuhlinzwa akudingeki njalo. Amatshe amancane ezinso avame ukuhamba ngokwemvelo ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Noma kunjalo, amatshe amakhulu, ukuvimba okuphelele, noma izimo ezine-infection kungase kudinge ukungenelela kokwelapha njenge-ureteroscopy noma ukufakwa kwe-stent.

Q.4 Ingabe ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukuvimba kwe-ureteral?

Yebo, ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukuvimba kwe-ureteral, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwesibili nesithathu. Isisu esikhula singacindezela i-ureters, ikakhulukazi ngecala lasekunene. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuqeda ngemuva kokubeletha, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kudinga ukulandelela noma ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Q.5 Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme uma ngikhonjwa amatshe ezinso?

Ukudla okufanele ukugweme kuxhomeke ohlotsheni lwamathe yakho. Nga-calcium oxalate stones (evamile kakhulu), nciphise ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu njengesi-spinach, ama-nuts, i-chocolate, ne-tea. Nga-uric acid stones, nciphise ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu njenge-organ meats kanye ne-shellfish. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko esithile sokudla ngokusekelwe ekucwaningweni kwamathe akho.