Ukuvalala kwe-Urethra yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ukuvalala kwe-urethra ukuncipha komthambo we-urethra, umthambo othatha umchamo ephusheni lakho uwedlulisele ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Lokhu kuncipha kwenzeka lapho i-scar tissue yakha ngaphakathi kwe-urethra, okwenza kube nzima ukuba umchamo ugeleze ngokujwayelekile.

Cabanga ngomthambo wokunisela ingadi ocindezelwe noma olimele. Njengoba nje ukugeleza kwamanzi kuncipha emthambeni olimele, ukugeleza komchamo kuncipha lapho i-urethra yakho incintisa. Nakuba lesi simo singase sizwe sikhathaza, singelashwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuvalala kwe-urethra?

Isici esivame kakhulu ozoqaphela yizinguquko endleleni oshwabisa ngayo. Umfudlana womchamo wakho ungase ube buthakathaka, ube mnandi, noma uzizwe ungaphelele lapho uzama ukuqeda iphushe lakho.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingase zikhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

• Umfudlana womchamo obuthakathaka noma obuhamba kancane
• Ubunzima bokuqala ukushwabisa
• Ukuzizwa sengathi iphushe lakho aliqedi ngokuphelele
• Ukuphindaphindiwe kokushwabisa, ikakhulukazi ebusuku
• Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuya esikhumulweni
• Ubuhlungu noma ukushisa lapho ushwabisa
• Igazi emchameni (ngezinye izikhathi)
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlela zokushwabisa okuqhubeka kubuyela

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ungase uhlangabezane nokungakwazi ngokuphelele ukushwabisa, okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Abanye abantu baqaphela nokuvuvukala noma ubuhlungu e-urethra.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuvalala kwe-urethra?

Ukuvalala kwe-urethra kuhlukaniswe ngokusekelwe lapho kwenzeka khona e-urethra yakho nalokho okubangele. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza udokotela wakho ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukufinyelela kwe-urethra yangaphambili: Kutholakala engxenyeni yangaphambili ye-urethra, kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala noma ukutheleleka
• Ukufinyelela kwe-urethra yangemuva: Kutholakala eduze kwesisu, ngokuvamile kuvela ekulimala kwesisu noma ekuhlinzweni
• Ukufinyelela kwe-bulbar: Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, oluvela engxenyeni ye-bulbous ye-urethra
• Ukufinyelela kwe-penile: Kutholakala ebude be-penis
• Ukufinyelela kwe-meatal: Kuchaphazela ukuvula kwe-urethra ekugcineni kwe-penis

Uhlobo ngalunye lungadinga izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene. Udokotela wakho uzokunquma indawo nezinga eliqondile ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okukhethekile.

Yini ebangela ukufinyelela kwe-urethra?

Ukufinyelela kwe-urethra kuvela lapho ithusi elibuthakathaka elibekwe i-urethra yakho lilimala futhi lenze ithusi le-scar njengoba liyaphilisa. Lo mkhuba wokwenza ama-scar kancane kancane ufinyelela ukuvula kwe-urethra.

Izici eziningi zingabangela lelithusi elilimala:

• Ukulimala noma ukulimala: Izingozi zezithuthuthu, ukuwa, noma ukushaya ngqo endaweni yesisu
• Izindlela zokwelapha: Ukuqokwa kwe-catheter, i-cystoscopy, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-prostate
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka okuthuthukiswayo ngocansi njenge-gonorrhea noma i-chlamydia
• Isimo sokuvuvukala: I-lichen sclerosus noma ezinye izimo zesikhumba ezihlasela indawo yobudoda
• Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili: Ukulungiswa kwe-hypospadias noma ezinye izinqubo ze-urethra
• Ukwelashwa nge-radiation: Ukwelashwa kokukhulu kwe-prostate noma kwesisu

Ezimweni ezithile, ikakhulukazi ezingavamile, ukufinyelela kungaba khona kusukela ekuzalweni ngenxa yezinkinga zokuthuthukiswa. Ngezinye izikhathi, naphezu kokuhlolwa okuhle, odokotela abakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile, okuthiwa yi-urethral stricture idiopathic.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokufinyelela kwe-urethra?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ubona ukushintsha okuqhubekayo endleleni yokukhishwa kwesisu. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kuholele emiphumeleni emihle yokwelashwa.

Funani usizo lokwelashwa uma uhlushwa yinoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphezulu:

• Ukuphuma kwesisu okuhlala buthakathaka
• Ubunzima bokuqala ukukhishwa kwesisu
• Ukuzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuthambisa isisu sakho ngokuphelele
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwezindlela zokukhishwa kwesisu
• Igazi esiswini sakho
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwesisu obungaphuli

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ungasakwazi ukuphuma sisu nhlobo, uhlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma uthola ubushushu kanye nezimpawu zokukhishwa kwesisu. Lokhu kungabonisa izinkinga ezinzima ezidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Iyini imithombo yezingozi yokuvalwa kwe-urethra?

Nakuba ukuvalwa kwe-urethra kungathinta noma ubani, izinto ezithile zikhuphula amathuba akho okukhula kwalesi simo. Ukuqonda le mithombo yezingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela lapho kungenzeka khona.

Imithombo yezingozi ebaluleke kakhulu ihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesilisa: Amadoda amaningi kakhulu anethuba lokuthola ukuvalwa kwe-urethra kunabesifazane
• Iminyaka: Ingozi ikhuphuka ngeminyaka, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-55
• Umlando wokulimaza kwe-urethra: Ukulimala kwangaphambili endaweni yesisu noma kwi-urethra
• Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-catheter: Ukufakwa kwe-catheter okuphindaphindwayo noma okude
• Izindlela zokwelapha ze-urology zangaphambili: Ukuhlinzwa okuhilela i-prostate, isisu, noma i-urethra
• Ukutheleleka okuthathwa ngocansi: Umlando we-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia, noma ezinye izifo ezithathwa ngocansi
• Isimo lesikhumba esivuvukayo: I-lichen sclerosus noma izimo ezifanayo
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla: Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kwangaphambili endaweni yesisu

Ukuba nalezi zinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzophuka ngokuqinisekile. Abantu abaningi abanazo izinto ezingozi abazange bahlangabezane nale nkinga, kanti abanye bathuthukisa ukuphazamiseka ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezingozi ezicacile.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokuphazamiseka kwesigxobo?

Uma kushiywa ungaphathwa, ukuphazamiseka kwesigxobo kungabangela izinkinga eziningi ezihlasela isimiso sakho sokuthamba nokuphulukisa kwakho konke. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kugcizelela ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukufuna ukwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo kwesigxobo: Ukungaphuli ngokuphelele kwesisu kwakha indawo lapho amabhaktheriya angakhula khona
• Amatshe esiswini: Umanyolo oluqondile ungakha ama-deposits amaminerali esiswini sakho
• Ukonakala kwesisu: Ukucindezela okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kungabuqeda amandla emisipha yesisu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Izinkinga zezinso: Ukubuyela emuva komanyolo kungase kuthonye ukusebenza kwezinso
• Ukugcinwa komanyolo: Ukungakwazi ngokuphelele ukuthamba, okudinga ukwelashwa okuphaphandwayo
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo: Ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo endaweni yesisu

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kungabangela ukonakala kwezinso noma isifo sesinso esiqhubekayo uma isimo sivikela ukopha komanyolo okuhle isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bagwema lezi zinkinga ezinzima ngokuphelele.

Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwesigxobo kungenzeka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimbangela zokuphazamiseka kwesigxobo, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho. Izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela zigxile ekuvikeleni ithusi lakho lesigxobo ekubhujisweni nasekuthelelekeni.

Nawa amaqhinga asebenzayo okuthoba ingozi yakho:

• Yenza ubulili obulondekile: Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngocansi
• Funani ukwelashwa kwe-STI ngokushesha: Hlolwani njalo futhi welaphani ukutheleleka ngokushesha
• Gqoka izingubo zokuvikela: Sebenzisa iphadi elifanele ngesikhathi semidlalo yokuxhumana noma ukugibela ibhayisikili
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle: Gcina indawo yobulwele ihlanzekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
• Hlala unomswakama: Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze ugcine umchamo ugeleza njalo
• Gwema ukulimala kwe-urethra: Qaphela imisebenzi engalimaza indawo yesisu

Uma udinga izinqubo zezokwelapha ezihilela i-urethra, xoxa ngengozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. Bavame ukusebenzisa amasu aphansi ukulimala kwezicubu futhi kunciphisa ingozi ye-stricture.

I-urethral stricture ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-urethral stricture kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuningi okusisiza udokotela wakho ukubona ngaphakathi kwe-urethra yakho futhi uqondise ukuthi umchamo ugeleza kangcono kangakanani. Inqubo iqala ngokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza le mihlola yokuxilonga:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Ukubheka ukubuthakathaka, ukukhuluphala, noma ukukhishwa
• Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza komchamo: Ukulinganisa ukuthi ukhuluma kanjani nokuthi ungakanani umchamo owukhiqizayo
• Isali emva kokukhishwa komchamo: Ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani umchamo osele esiswini sakho
• Urethrography: Izithombe ze-X-ray nge-dye contrast ukuze ubone ukuma kwe-urethra
• Cystoscopy: Ikhamera encane, eguquguqukayo ifakwe nge-urethra ukubona ngqo i-stricture
• I-ultrasound: Ngesinye isikhathi isebenziselwa ukulinganisa ubude nobukhulu be-stricture

Le mihlola ikusiza ukuqonda indawo, ubude, nobunzima be-stricture yakho. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekucwaningeni indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yesimo sakho esithile.

Ukuphathwa kwesifo se-urethral stricture yini?

Ukuphathwa kwesifo se-urethral stricture kuncike endaweni, ubude, nobunzima bokuvalela. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma indlela enenzuzo enkulu yokusiza isimo sakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqandisa i-urethra: Ukuqandisa kancane kancane ukuvalela ngezinsimbi ezinkulu ngokuqhubekayo
• Urethrotomy: Ukwenza isiqu eceleni kwesikhumba sokuqeda ukuvula
• Urethroplasty: Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa ngokusebenzisa izigxobo zezicubu noma ama-flaps
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukufaka ummese omncane ukuze ugcine i-urethra ivulekile (akujwayelekile)
• Ukuzifaka i-catheter njalo: Ukusebenzisa njalo ama-catheter ukuvimbela ukuvalela kabusha

Ngokuvalela okufushane, okulula, udokotela wakho angaqala ngezinketho ezingenasiphephelo njengokuqandisa noma i-urethrotomy. Ukuvalela okunzima noma okuphindaphindayo kuvame ukudinga i-urethroplasty, enezilinganiso eziphezulu zokuphumelela isikhathi eside kodwa kuhilela ukuhlinzwa okubanzi.

I-urologist yakho izoxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi zale nketho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho. Isikhathi sokuphulukisa kanye nezinga lokuphila ziyahluka kuye ngokwelashwa okukhethiwe nezici zomuntu.

Indlela yokuphatha i-urethral stricture ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile nge-urethral stricture, kunezindlela zokusekela ongazithatha ekhaya ukuze usize ukuphatha izimpawu nokusekela ukuphulukisa kwakho. Lezi zindlela zisebenza ndawonye, hhayi esikhundleni, sokukhathalela kwezokwelapha.

Nazi izindlela eziwusizo zokuphatha ekhaya:

• Hlala uthambile: Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze uhlanze uhlelo lwakho lokukhishwa kwesisu
• Gcoba amanzi afudumele: Ukugcoba kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuqina kwemisipha
• Gcina uhlanzeko oluhle: Gcina indawo yobudoda ihlanzekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
• Gwema izinto eziqalekayo: Finyelela ikhofi, utshwala, nokudla okunoshukela okungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi
• Ungaliqedi ukukhishwa kwesisu: Hamba eceleni uma uzizwa unesidingo
• Landela imiyalo yemithi: Thatha ama-antibiotic noma imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njengoba kuyalelwe

Uma udokotela wakho ekufundisile ukufaka i-catheter ngokwakho, landela imiyalo yakhe ngokucophelela futhi ugcine indlela ehlanzekile. Ungalokothi uzame ukwelapha i-stricture ngezindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya, njengoba lokhu kungenza isimo sibe sibi noma kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ngaphambili nge-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nesiqondiso sokwelapha esifanele. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokulungisa imicabango yakho nolwazi ngaphambili kwenza ukuvakasha kube nomphumela.

Nawa amaqhinga okulungiselela kahle:

• Landelela izimpawu zakho: Qaphela ukuthi zaqala nini, zishintshe kanjani, nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Bhala yonke imithi: Faka imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwelayisensi, kanye nezinye izinto ezengeziwe
• Butha amarekhodi ezempilo: Letha amarekhodi ezinqubo zangaphambili ze-urology, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa
• Lungiselela imibuzo: Bhala izinkathazo noma imibuzo ethile ofuna ukuyixoxa
• Qaphela umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Faka noma yiziphi izinkinga zokukhishwa kwesisu, ukutheleleka, noma ukulimala okudlule
• Cabanga ukuletha ukwesekwa: Ilungu lomndeni noma umngani angakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile

Unganqabi ukuxoxa ngemininingwane ngezimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwesisu. Udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluphelele ukuze akunikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu. Ukuba ovulekile noqotho ngezimpawu zakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngokuvalekisa kwe-urethra?

Ukuvalekisa kwe-urethra kuyisimo esingelashwa esiphendula kahle ekunakekelweni okufanele kwezokwelapha uma kuphathwa ngokushesha. Nakuba kungathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho, izindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla zinikeza amazinga okuphumelela aphezulu kubantu abaningi.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona izinguquko zokungasebenzi kahle kwesisu nokusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho we-urology ukuthola indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-urethral strictures bangabuyela emisebenzini evamile yokungasebenzi kahle kwesisu nemisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ungavumeli ihlazo likuvimbe ukuthola usizo. Odokotela be-urology bangabachwepheshe abaphatha lezi zimo njalo futhi bangakunikeza izinketho zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ezilungele izidingo zakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngokuvalekisa kwe-urethra

Ingabe ukuvalekisa kwe-urethra kungaphola ngokwalo?

Cha, ukuvalekisa kwe-urethra akupholi ngokwemvelo futhi kuvame ukuba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokwelashwa. I-scar tissue ebangela ukuqina ayiqedi ngokwayo futhi ngokuvamile iyaqhubeka nokuqina, okwenza ukuvula kube mncinci. Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kwasekuqaleni ngokuvamile kuholela eziphumeleni ezinhle futhi kuvimba izinkinga.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukisa ukuhlinzwa kwe-urethral stricture?

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenziwe. Izindlela ezilula njenge-urethrotomy zingadinga amasonto angu-1-2 ukuze kuphulukiswe ekuqaleni, kuyilapho i-urethroplasty enzima ingathatha amasonto angu-6-8 ukuze iphulukise ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izilinganiso zesikhathi esithile ngokuya ngenqubo yakho nezici zakho zokwelapha.

Ingabe ukuvalekisa kwe-urethra kuzophinde kubuyele emuva kokwelashwa?

Amazinga okuphindaphinda axhomeke endleleni yokwelapha kanye nezici ze-stricture. Ukwelapha okulula njengokwandisa kunamazinga aphezulu okuphindaphinda, kuyilapho ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa (urethroplasty) kunamazinga okuphumelela angu-85-95% ekuxazululeni isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho we-urology uzoxoxa ngemiphumela okulindelekile ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile.

Abesifazane bangathola yini i-urethral strictures?

Yebo, kodwa i-urethral strictures ayivamile kakhulu kubesifazane ngenxa ye-urethra yabo emfushane. Uma kwenzeka kubesifazane, zivame ukuxhumene nokuhlinzwa kwangaphambili, ukwelashwa ngomgogodla, noma izimo zokuvuvukala. Izimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha zifana nalezo zamadoda.

Ingabe i-urethral stricture iyisibonakaliso somdlavuza?

I-Urethral stricture ngokwayo ayilona umdlavuza futhi ayibonisi umdlavuza ngokuvamile. Noma kunjalo, ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo noma izimo ezithile ezingaphansi kungahlotshaniswa nenhlanhla enkulu yomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzohluza isimo sakho esithile futhi angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa okuengeziwe uma kukhona izici ezikhathazayo.