Ukuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuyinkinga eyingozi yokuhlwitha kwenhliziyo lapho amakhamera angaphansi enhliziyo yakho ezamazama ngokungahleliwe esikhundleni sokupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukuletha igazi elicebile nge-oksijini ebuchosheni bakho nakwimibhangqwana ebalulekile. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kodwa ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu futhi wazi ukuthi yini okulindeleke.

Iyini i-Ventricular Fibrillation?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kwenzeka lapho izibonakaliso zamandla enhliziyo yakho e-ventricles ziqala ukuhluleka. Cabanga ngokuhlwitha okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo yakho njengombhoshongo oqeqeshwe kahle, kodwa ekuqothukeni kwe-ventricular, umculi ngamunye udlala ingoma ehlukile ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Inhliziyo yakho inamakamelo amane, futhi amabili angaphansi abizwa ngokuthi yi-ventricles ngokuvamile aqinile ndawonye ukuze aphose igazi emzimbeni wakho. Phakathi nokuqothuka kwe-ventricular, la makamelo azamazama ngokushesha nangokungahleliwe, cishe izikhathi ezingama-300 ngomzuzu. Lokhu kuzamazama okungahleliwe kusho ukuthi akukho kupompa okuphumelelayo okwenzekayo.

Ngaphandle kokugeleza kwegazi okufanele, ubuchopho bakho namanye amalungu awutholi i-oksijeni abayidingayo. Ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa, lokhu kungabangela ukuyeka kwenhliziyo nokufa uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isenzo esisheshayo nge-defibrillation singabuyekeza ngokuvamile ukuhlwitha okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular ngokuvamile kubangela ukuwa ngokushesha ngoba inhliziyo yakho iyeka ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo. Izimpawu zivele ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana futhi ziqhubeka ngokushesha.

Izimpawu eziqala kakhulu ongazibona zihlanganisa:

• Ukulahlekelwa ngokungazelelwe koqapheleo noma ukudehlela
• Akukho mphimbo ongayibona
• Ukuyeka ukuphefumula noma ukuhlwitha umoya
• Ubuhlungu esifubeni ngaphambi kokuwa
• Umphimbo osheshayo, obuthakathaka obuyiminyamalala ngokushesha

Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zokuqapha zingabonakala ngehora ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular. Lezi zimpawu zokuqala zingase zihlanganise ukungakhululeki esifubeni, ukuphefumula okunzima, isicanucanu, noma ukukhathala. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abanawo amaphuzu okuqapha.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi uma ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuqala, umuntu uzolahlekelwa uqapheleo ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana engu-10-15. Lokhu kwenza kubehlukile kwezinye izimo zenhliziyo lapho izimpawu zingase zithuthuke kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ziyini Izimbangela Zokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular ngokuvamile kuvela ezinkingeni zesimiso samandla enhliziyo yakho, ngokuvamile kubangelwa yisifo senhliziyo esiyisisekelo. Inhliziyo yakho ithembela ezibonakaliso zamandla ezichwepheshile ukuze ihlanganise isisindo ngasinye senhliziyo, futhi uma lesi simiso sihluleka, izindlela ezingozi zingase zithuthuke.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo (isibangela esivame kakhulu)
• I-Coronary artery disease
• I-Cardiomyopathy (umsuka wenhliziyo olukhulu noma oluqine kakhulu)
• Izinkinga zevalvu yenhliziyo
• I-Congenital heart defects
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okudlule

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zingase zihlanganise ukungalingani okukhulu kwe-electrolyte, ikakhulukazi amazinga aphansi e-potassium noma i-magnesium. Ukudlula ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi ezivela e-cocaine noma ezinye izidakamizwa, kungase futhi kubangele ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular. Umshayeli wamagetsi, ukuhlubuka, noma i-hypothermia eqinile kubonisa izibangela ezingavamile kodwa ezingozi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kwenzeka kubantu abanempilo enhliziyo ejwayelekile. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezimo zofuzo ezihlasela isimiso samandla enhliziyo, njenge-Brugada syndrome noma i-long QT syndrome.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuhlale kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Uma othile ewa ngokushesha futhi engaphefumuli ngokujwayelekile, shayela u-911 ngokushesha bese uqala i-CPR uma uqeqeshwe.

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu esifubeni ngokushesha ngokukhipha ukushisa nokuphefumula okunzima
• Ukudehlela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
• Ukuhlwitha okusheshayo, okungahleliwe kwenhliziyo ngokukhathala
• Ukukhathazeka okukhulu esifubeni okungaphuli ngokuphumula

Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphulukana zodwa. Izimo eziphuthumayo zokuhlwitha kwenhliziyo zidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngaphakathi kwemizuzu ukuvimbela umonakalo ophakade noma ukufa.

Uma unomlando womndeni wokufa kwenhliziyo ngokushesha noma izimo zenhliziyo ezaziwayo, xoxa ngezimbangela zakho zengozi nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokuhlola okujwayelekile. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde izimpawu zokuqapha futhi udale uhlelo lokusebenza lwesikhathi esiphuthumayo.

Ziyini Izimbangela Zengozi Zokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular, ngesifo senhliziyo siwumcimbi omkhulu wengozi. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuvimbela lesi simo esingathi sína.

Izimbangela ezibaluleke kakhulu zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okudlule
• I-Coronary artery disease
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• I-Diabetes
• I-Cholesterol ephakeme
• Ukubhema
• Ukusetshenziswa okweqile kotshwala
• Ukukhuluphala

Ubudala nobulili futhi kudlala indima, ngamadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-45 nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-55 abanengozi enkulu. Noma kunjalo, ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kungenzeka kunoma yiliphi iminyaka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanemizimba yofuzo yezimo zenhliziyo.

Izimbangela ezingavamile zengozi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezithile ze-syndromes zofuzo ezihlasela ukuhlwitha kwenhliziyo, njenge-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy noma i-arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Ezinye izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlasela ukuhlwitha kwenhliziyo, zingase futhi zikhulise ingozi kubantu abathintekayo.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zenzeke Ngokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqothuka kwe-ventricular ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokushesha, okwenzeka lapho inhliziyo iyeka ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusheshayo, lesi simo sibulawa ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa.

Ngisho nokuvuselelwa okuphumelelayo, izingozi zingase zithuthuke kusukela esikhathini lapho amalungu angazange athole i-oksijeni eyanele:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho ngenxa yokushoda kwe-oksijeni
• Izinkinga zememori noma ukudideka
• Umonakalo wezinkalakatha
• Izinkinga zesibindi
• Umonakalo kwamanye amalungu

Isikhathi eside umuntu ehlala ekuqothukeni kwe-ventricular ngaphambi kokwelashwa, ingozi enkulu yezingozi eziphakade. Amaseli ebuchosheni aqala ukufa ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engu-4-6 ngaphandle kwe-oksijeni, kungakho i-CPR ne-defibrillation esheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abanye abantu abaphila ekuqothukeni kwe-ventricular bangase bahlangabezane nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kuyisisombululo esijwayelekile sokuphila esimweni esingozi, futhi ukwelulekwa noma amaqembu wokusekela kungaba usizo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphulukana.

Ukuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular Kungavikeleka Kanjani?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular ukugcina impilo enhle yenhliziyo nokuphatha izimo ezikhuphula ingozi yakho. Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimo, izimbangela eziningi zengozi zilawulwa.

Izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ne-cholesterol
• Ukuphatha i-diabetes ngokuphumelelayo
• Ukuyeka ukubhema
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho
• Ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukuthatha imithi yenhliziyo eyalwe njengoba kuqondiswe

Uma une-coronary artery disease noma uphilwe ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze imithi efana ne-beta-blockers noma i-ACE inhibitors ukunciphisa ingozi yakho. Abanye abantu abanengozi enkulu bangase bazuze kwi-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo senhliziyo noma umlando womndeni onamandla wezinkinga zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase aqaphe impilo yakho yenhliziyo futhi alungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka ukugcina ingozi yakho iphansi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular Kuhlolwa Kanjani?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa i-electrocardiogram (EKG), eqopha umsebenzi wamandla wenhliziyo yakho. Ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo, lo vivi ubonisa amaza angahleliwe, angahleliwe esikhundleni samasiko okuhlwitha kwenhliziyo.

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ukuhlolwa kwenzeka ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa:

• I-EKG ebonisa amaza angahleliwe, asheshayo
• Ukuhlola umphimbo noqapheleo
• Ukuqaphela izimpawu njengokuwa nokuyeka ukuphefumula

Ngemva kokuvuselelwa okuphumelelayo, odokotela bazokwenza amavivinyo engeziwe ukuthola imbangela eyiyisisekelo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise amavivinyo egazi ukuhlola umonakalo wenhliziyo, ama-X-rays esifubeni, ne-echocardiogram ukuhlola ubukhulu nomsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho.

Uma unengozi yokuqothuka kwe-ventricular, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise ukuqapha kwenhliziyo okuqhubekayo noma amavivinyo okuqina ngesikhathi sokuhlola okujwayelekile. Lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela ngezinye izikhathi zingabamba izinkinga zokuhlwitha ezingozi ngaphambi kokuba zibe yingozi eyingozi.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

I-defibrillation esheshayo ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kokuqothuka kwe-ventricular. Lokhu kuhilela ukuletha umsindo wamagetsi enhliziyweni yakho ukuze ubuyekeze ukuhlwitha kwayo emuva kwesiko. Uminithi ngamunye odlula ngaphandle kwe-defibrillation unciphise amathuba okuphila cishe nge-10%.

Ukuphathwa kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo kuhlanganisa:

• I-CPR ukugcina ukugeleza kwegazi kuze kube yi-defibrillation
• I-Defibrillation yamagetsi ukubuyisela ukuhlwitha okujwayelekile
• Imithi efana ne-epinephrine noma i-amiodarone
• Ukuphathwa okuthuthukile komoya
• Amanzi e-IV nokusekela i-oksijeni

Ngemva kokuvuselelwa okuphumelelayo, ukwelashwa kugxila ekuvimbeleni izehlakalo zesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokunciphisa ukuhlwitha kwenhliziyo yakho, izinqubo zokuvula imithambo yegazi evaliwe, noma ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa inyama yenhliziyo eyonakele.

Kubantu abanengozi enkulu yokuphindaphinda kokuqothuka kwe-ventricular, odokotela ngokuvamile bakhuthaza i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Le divayisi encane iqapha ukuhlwitha kwenhliziyo yakho njalo futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo iletha umsindo uma izindlela ezingozi zithuthuka.

Indlela Yokwelashwa Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Sokubuyiselwa Ekuqothukeni Kwe-Ventricular?

Ukuphulukana ekuqothukeni kwe-ventricular kugxila ekuvimbeleni izehlakalo zesikhathi esizayo nokubuyisela amandla akho. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo oluqondene nawe olusekelwe kulokho okubangele isimo sakho nempilo yakho yonke.

Izici ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa ekhaya zihlanganisa:

• Ukuthatha yonke imithi eyalwe ngqo njengoba kuqondiswe
• Ukulandela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo okune-sodium encane namafutha agcwele
• Ukwandisa kancane umsebenzi womzimba njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho
• Ukuqapha izimpawu zakho nokubika izinguquko
• Ukuya kuwo wonke ama-aphoyintimenti okulandela

Uma une-ICD, kuzodingeka ufunde ukuthi ungaphila kanjani nale divayisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugwema imikhawulo eqinile yama-magnetic, ukuphatha ikhadi lokuqaphela, nokwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenzani uma idivayisi isebenza.

Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphulukana. Abantu abaningi abaphila bahlangabezana nokukhathazeka ngezikhathi ezizayo, futhi ukwelulekwa noma amaqembu wokusekela kungakusiza ukucubungula lezi mizwa nokwenza amasu okumelana nazo.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Aphoyintimenti Yakho Nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele ngangokunokwenzeka. Letha ulwazi oluphelele ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezimpawu zakho zamanje, ngisho noma zibonakala zincane.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, buthana:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yamanje nezinhlanganisela
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma ukufa ngokushesha
• Imininingwane mayelana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ozibonile
• Amarekhodi ezempilo adlule namavivinyo
• Uhlu zemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza

Ungangabazi ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani wokusekela, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngesimo sakho. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti.

Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungayikhohlwa. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise ukubuza ngezimbangela zakho ezithile zengozi, izinketho zokwelashwa, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, nezibonakaliso zokuqapha okumele uzibheke.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Ngokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular?

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuyisimo esingathi sína kodwa esiphatheka kalula sokuhlwitha kwenhliziyo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha. Nakuba kungase kube ukwesaba ukucabanga ngakho, ukuqonda lesi simo kukwenza ukwazi ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqapha nokwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi isenzo esisheshayo sisindisa impilo. Uma othile ewa ngokushesha, shayela u-911 ngokushesha bese uqala i-CPR uma uqeqeshwe. Ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo kwamanje ne-defibrillation ngokuvamile kungabuyekeza ukuhlwitha okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo uma ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela, gxila ekuqapheleni impilo enhle yenhliziyo ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha, izinqumo zendlela yokuphila enempilo, nokuphathwa okufanele kwezimo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ne-diabetes. Abantu abaningi abaphila ekuqothukeni kwe-ventricular baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngokwelashwa okufanele nokukhathalelwa okulandelayo.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngokuqothuka Kwe-Ventricular

Ungaphila yini ngokuqothuka kwe-ventricular?

Yebo, abantu abaningi baphila ngokuqothuka kwe-ventricular uma bethola ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Ikhona ukufumana i-defibrillation ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa yokuqala. Amanani okuphila aphezulu kakhulu lapho abantu abaseduze beqala i-CPR ngokushesha futhi izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo zifika ngokushesha. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokukhathalelwa okulandelayo, abantu abaningi abaphila babuyela emisebenzini evamile.

Ingabe ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kufana nokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo?

Cha, ziyizimo ezahlukene, nakuba zingase zibe nobudlelwane. Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi engxenyeni yemisipha yenhliziyo yakho kuvaliwe. Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuyinkinga yesimiso samandla enhliziyo yakho esibangela izindlela ezingahleliwe. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungase kubangele ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular, kungakho kokubili kuyizimo eziphuthumayo ezingozi.

Ubude kangakanani ongahlala uphila ngokuqothuka kwe-ventricular?

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kubulala ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa ngoba inhliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo. Noma kunjalo, nge-defibrillation esheshayo nokukhathalelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, abantu abaningi baphila futhi bangaphila impilo ejwayelekile. Ikhona ukufumana ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuba isimo siqale.

Ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular kuzwakala kunjani?

Abantu abaningi bahluleka uqapheleo ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana engu-10-15 yokuqala kokuqothuka kwe-ventricular, ngakho abakhumbuli kakhulu ukuthi kuzwakala kunjani. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nobuhlungu esifubeni, ukukhathala, noma ukuphefumula okunzima ngaphambi kokuwa, kodwa abaningi abanawo amaphuzu okuqapha. Kungakho ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi “ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokushesha.”

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular?

Nakuba ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba kudala kungabangeli ukuqothuka kwe-ventricular ezinhliziyweni ezinempilo, ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngezinye izikhathi kungakubangela kubantu abanesisifo senhliziyo esiyisisekelo. Ukucindezeleka kungase kuthonye ukuhlwitha kwenhliziyo yakho futhi kungase kuhlanganyele ezimweni ezifana nokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okungase kube yimbangela yokuqothuka kwe-ventricular. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula nokuzivocavoca njalo kungaba yingxenye yempilo enhle yenhliziyo.