Ukuthi yini i-Vitiligo? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

Yini i-Vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo yisimo sesikhumba lapho amaqhekeza esikhumba sakho elahlekelwa umbala waso wemvelo bese eba mhlophe noma obomvu obumnyama. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaseli akha i-pigment (abizwa ngokuthi yi-melanocytes) eyeka ukusebenza noma efa ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba wakho.

Cabanga ngalokhu: isikhumba sakho sinezitsha ezincane ezakha umbala. Ku-vitiligo, ezinye zalezi zitsha zivala, zishiya amaqhekeza akhanyayo. La maqhekeza angabonakala kuphi na emzimbeni wakho, kodwa abonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezithola ukukhanya kwelanga njengobuso bakho, izandla, izandla, nezinyawo.

I-Vitiligo ithonya abantu abacishe babe yi-1-2% emhlabeni jikelele. Ingaqala kunoma yiliphi iminyaka, nakuba ivame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Lesi simo asiwumkhuhlane, asibuhlungu, noma esongela impilo, kodwa singathinta indlela ozizwa ngayo ngokubonakala kwakho.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Vitiligo?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko se-vitiligo yiqhekeza lesikhumba elilahlekelwa umbala waso. La maqhekeza avame ukuqala amancane futhi angakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba iphethini ihluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Nanku ongaqaphela:

• Amaqhekeza amhlophe noma amnyama esikhumbeni sakho aqondene nombala wesikhumba sakho semvelo
• Uboya obuguqula ube mhlophe noma oluhlaza ezindaweni ezihlaselekile, kufaka phakathi ekhanda lakho, izibuko, izimpumputhe, noma uboya ebusweni
• Ukulahleka kombala ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho noma ekhaleni
• Ukushintsha kombala we-retinas yakho (ilayisha yangaphakathi yamehlo akho)
• Amaqhekeza abonakala kakhulu ngemuva kokukhanya kwelanga, njengoba isikhumba esingathintekile siqhakaza kuyilapho amaqhekeza e-vitiligo engaqhakazanga

Amaqhekeza avame ukulingana, okusho ukuthi abonakala ezindaweni ezifanayo kokubili ezinhlangothini zomzimba wakho. Abantu abaningi abazizwa ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba ngamaqhekeza ngokwawo, nakuba isikhumba esithintekile singase sibe nokuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

Ziyini Izinhlobo ze-Vitiligo?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-vitiligo zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekutheni isakazekile kangakanani nokuthi ibonakala kuphi emzimbeni wakho. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho kungakusiza ukubikezela ukuthi isimo singathuthuka kanjani.

I-vitiligo engahlukanisiwe uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, oluthonya abantu abacishe babe yi-90% abanesimo. Amaqhekeza abonakala ngokulinganayo kokubili ezinhlangothini zomzimba wakho. Lolu hlobo luhlala lusakazeka kancane futhi lungase luye luze luhambe ngezikhathi.

I-vitiligo ehlukanisiwe ithonya ohlangothini olulodwa noma ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Lolu hlobo luvamise ukuvela ekuqaleni kokuphila futhi lusakazeka ngokushesha ekuqaleni, bese luhlala luzinzile. Aluvamile kodwa lihlala lilinganiselwe ephenini laso.

Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile okufanele uzibone. I-vitiligo ebonakalayo ihilela amaqhekeza ambalwa amancane angasakazeki iminyaka eminingi. I-vitiligo yonke ihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yomzimba wakho, ishiya amaqhekeza amancane kuphela esikhumba esinombala ojwayelekile.

Yini ebangela i-Vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo kwenzeka lapho isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sihlasele amaseli akha umbala wesikhumba. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi yisimo sokuzimela komzimba, okusho ukuthi isimiso sokuvikela umzimba wakho siphendukela kumaseli aso aphilile.

Izici eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-vitiligo:

• I-genetics idlala indima ebalulekile - abantu abacishe babe yi-30% abane-vitiligo banomuntu womndeni onalesi simo
• Izifo zokuzimela komzimba njengesi-thyroid, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, noma i-alopecia areata zanda ingozi yakho
• Ukuhlupheka okukhulu noma ukulimala, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, kungase kubangele ukuqala kwabanye abantu
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba njengokuqeda, ukushisa, noma ukushisa okukhulu kwelanga kungase kubangele amaqhekeza ukuthi avele kulezo zindawo
• Ukuvezwa ezimweni ezithile zezinto zokwakha noma izinto eziyingozi ezimweni ezingavamile

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-vitiligo ingaba ingxenye yezifo ezinkulu ze-genetic. Abanye abantu bayithuthukisa kanye nezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba, nakuba ukuba ne-vitiligo akusho ukuthi uzophuthuma uthuthukise ezinye izifo zokuzimela komzimba.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Nge-Vitiligo?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma uqaphela amaqhekeza esikhumba esilahlekile umbala waso, ikakhulu uma esakazeka noma ethonya izindawo ezibalulekile kuwe. Ukubheka ekuqaleni kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha kunokuba kamuva uma amaqhekeza esakazeka ngokushesha, ethonya ubuso bakho noma izandla, noma kukubangela ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. I-dermatologist ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa i-vitiligo kwezinye izimo zesikhumba ezingase zibukeke zifana.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa amaqhekeza e-vitiligo kanye nezimpawu ezinjengokukhathala, ukuguquka kwesisindo, noma ukulahleka kweenwele. Lokhu kungase kubonise izimo zokuzimela komzimba ezidinga ukwelashwa.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi ze-Vitiligo?

Nakuba noma ubani angathuthukisa i-vitiligo, izici ezithile zikwenza kube lula ukuhlangabezana nalesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu ekuqaleni bese ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni - ukuba nomzali, umfowethu, noma isihlobo esiseduze esine-vitiligo kukhulisa ingozi yakho
• Ezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba ezinjengezifo ze-thyroid, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, noma i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Iminyaka - nakuba ingaqala noma nini, ivame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30
• Ama-genetic markers athile akwenza isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sibe lula ukuhlasele amaseli e-pigment
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba ngaphambili noma ukulimala kwezinye izimo

Ukuba nalezi zici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzophuthuma uthuthukise i-vitiligo. Abantu abaningi abanezinye izici zengozi abazithuthukisi lesi simo, kuyilapho abanye abangenazo izici zengozi ezicacile benza.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zivele Ku-Vitiligo?

Izingozi eziningi ezivela ku-vitiligo zihlangene nethonya lenhlalo nomzwelo kunokuba yizinkinga zempilo ezinzima. Noma kunjalo, kunezinto ezithile zokomzimba okufanele uzazi.

Izingozi eziyinhloko ongahlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga ezindaweni ezihlaselekile, okuholela ekushiseni okulula kwelanga nokwenzakala kwesikhumba
• Ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba emaqhekezweni e-vitiligo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-melanin evikela
• Izinkinga zamehlo ezimweni ezingavamile, kufaka phakathi ukushintsha kokubona noma ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni
• Ukulahleka kokuzwa ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-genetic
• Ukukhathazeka ngokwenhlalo, ukucindezeleka, noma izinkinga zokuqina ngenxa yokushintsha kokubonakala

Ithonya lomzwelo lingaba likhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho amaqhekeza abonakala ezindaweni ezibonakalayo njengobuso noma izandla. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi amaqembu wokusekela noma ukwelulekwa kuyasiza ekuphatheni lezi mizwa.

I-Vitiligo Ixilongwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-vitiligo kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo yi-dermatologist. Bazobheka isikhumba sakho ngaphansi kwezinkanyiso ezikhethekile futhi babuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nanoma yimuphi umlando womndeni wezimo zokuzimela komzimba.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-Wood's lamp, okuwukukhanya okukhethekile kwe-ultraviolet okwenza amaqhekeza e-vitiligo abonakale kakhulu. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlukanisa i-vitiligo kwezinye izimo ezingase zibangele amaqhekeza akhanyayo esikhumbeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy encane yesikhumba idingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa. Izivivinyo zegazi zingase ziyalwe ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba ezivame ukwenzeka ne-vitiligo, njengezinkinga ze-thyroid noma isifo sikashukela.

Yini Ukwelashwa kwe-Vitiligo?

Ukuphatha i-vitiligo kugxile ekuyekiseni ukusakazeka kwamaqhekeza, ukubuyisela umbala ezindaweni ezihlaselekile, nokusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngokubonakala kwakho. Indlela engcono kakhulu ixhomeke ekutheni isimo sakho sihle kangakanani nezifiso zakho siqu.

Izinketho zokwelashwa ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Topical corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokubuyisela umbala othile
• I-Calcineurin inhibitors, ezingama-alternatives alula kuma-steroids ezindaweni ezinzima
• Ukukhanya kokwelashwa (phototherapy) usebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV ukuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-pigment
• I-JAK inhibitors, imithi emisha engasiza ukubuyisela umbala kwabanye abantu
• Izinketho zokucutshungulwa njengokufakwa kwesikhumba samaqhekeza ahlala njalo, ahlukanisiwe

Nge-vitiligo enkulu, abanye abantu bakhetha ukwelashwa kwe-depigmentation ukususa umbala esikhumbeni esisele esijwayelekile, benza ukubonakala okulungile. Lona isinqumo esiqinile esidinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela.

Indlela Yokunakekela Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Se-Vitiligo?

Ukukhathalela wena ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni i-vitiligo. Ukuvikela ilanga yilona msebenzi wakho obaluleke kakhulu wansuku zonke njengoba amaqhekeza e-vitiligo eshisa kalula kunesikhumba esijwayelekile.

Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi-spectrum okungenani i-SPF 30 nsuku zonke, ngisho nasezinsukwini ezinamvula. Phinda usebenzise njalo ngemizuzu emibili uma ungaphandle.

Cabanga ngokusebenzisa izimonyo zokumboza noma imikhiqizo yokuthambisa isikhumba uma ufuna. Lezi aziphathi isimo kodwa zingakusiza uzizwe uqinile. Khetha imikhiqizo eklanywe ngokukhethekile esikhumbeni esinzima.

Phatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula, ukuzivocavoca, noma izinto ozithandayo. Ukucindezeleka akubangeli i-vitiligo, kodwa kungase kubangele amaqhekeza akhona kwabanye abantu.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Aphoyintimenti Yakho Nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi ekuhambeleni kwakho. Bhala phansi lapho uqale ukuqaphela amaqhekeza futhi uma ashintshile ngobukhulu, ukuma, noma indawo.

Yenza uhlu lwemithi yonke, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathatha. Faka noma yiziphi izifo zakamuva, ukulimala, noma izehlakalo ezinzima ezenzeke ngesikhathi amaqhekeza akho evela.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa, imiphumela okulindelekile, nokwenza izinguquko zokuphila. Buza ngezinsiza zokusekela nokuthi udinga ukulandelelwa yini kwezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba.

Letha izithombe zamaqhekeza akho athathwe ngezikhathi ezahlukene uma unazo. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukubona ukuthi isimo siye sathuthuka kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Vitiligo Ingavikeleka Kanjani?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela i-vitiligo njengoba ikakhulukazi icindezelwe yi-genetics nezici zesimiso sokuvikela umzimba ngaphandle kokulawula kwakho. Noma kunjalo, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho noma ukunciphisa ithonya laso.

Ukuvikela isikhumba sakho ekulimala nasekukhanyeni kwelanga okukhulu kungasiza ukuvimbela amaqhekeza ukuthi avele ezindaweni ezithintekayo. Phatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphatha ezempilo, njengoba ukucindezeleka okukhulu kungase kubangele i-vitiligo kwabantu abathintekayo.

Uma unezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uziqaphele kahle. Nakuba lokhu kungavimbeli i-vitiligo, kusekela impilo yakho yonke yesimiso sokuvikela umzimba.

Yini Okubalulekile Mayelana Ne-Vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo yisimo sesikhumba esiphatheka kalula esithinta ukubonakala kwakho kodwa hhayi impilo yakho yonke. Nakuba ayikho imithi, izindlela zokwelashwa eziningi eziphumelelayo zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuqhubeka nokubuyisela umbala ezindaweni ezihlaselekile.

Isimo sihluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu banemaqhekeza ambalwa amancane ahlala njalo iminyaka eminingi, kuyilapho abanye behlangabezana nezinguquko eziningi. Ukusebenzisana ne-dermatologist kukusiza ukuthola indlela efanele yokwelashwa yesimo sakho.

Khumbula ukuthi i-vitiligo ayikukucacisi. Abantu abaningi abane-vitiligo baphila impilo egcwele, eqinile. Amaqembu wokusekela, ukwelulekwa, nokuxhumana nabanye abaqonda isipiliyoni sakho kungaba usizo kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evamile Ebuzwayo Mayelana Ne-Vitiligo

M1: Ingabe i-vitiligo iyindlela yokutheleleka?

Cha, i-vitiligo ayiyona indlela yokutheleleka nhlobo. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyisakaze kwabanye ngokuthinta, ukwabelana ngezinto, noma noma iyiphi enye indlela yokuxhumana. Yisimo sokuzimela komzimba esithuthukiswa ngenxa yesimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba nezici ze-genetic.

M2: Ingabe i-vitiligo yami izoqhubeka isakazeka?

Ukuqhubeka kwe-vitiligo kuhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu banemaqhekeza ahlala njalo iminyaka eminingi, kuyilapho abanye behlangabezana nokusakazeka okuqhubekayo. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi i-vitiligo yabo ihlala iqinile ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqala sokuqala. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni noma ukuyeka ukusakazeka ezimweni eziningi.

M3: Ingabe i-vitiligo ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele?

Okwamanje, ayikho imithi ye-vitiligo, kodwa izindlela zokwelashwa zingaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ekuyekiseni ukusakazeka nokubuyisela umbala ezindaweni ezihlaselekile. Abanye abantu bathola ukubuyiselwa kombala okuhle ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha, lunikeza ithemba ngezinketho ezinhle nakakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

M4: Kuphephile yini ukukhulelwa uma ngine-vitiligo?

Yebo, ngokuvamile kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma une-vitiligo. Isimo ngokwalo alithonya ukukhulelwa noma impilo yokukhulelwa. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ze-vitiligo aziphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke xoxa nge-treatment plan yakho nodokotela wakho uma uhlela ukukhulelwa.

M5: Ingabe izingane zingathuthukisa i-vitiligo?

Yebo, izingane zingathuthukisa i-vitiligo, nakuba kungavamile kunabantu abadala. Abantu abacishe babe yi-25% abane-vitiligo bayithuthukisa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-18. Uma ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu ze-vitiligo, bheka i-dermatologist yezingane ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele nezinketho zokwelashwa ezifanele iminyaka.