Izinkinga Zokukhuluma: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Izinkinga zokukhuluma zenzeka uma izwi lakho lizwakala lihlukile kunokujwayelekile noma liba nzima ukulisebenzisa. Ama-vocal cords akho, angamabhande amabili emisipha esifubeni sakho, awasebenzi ngendlela okufanele asebenze ngayo. Lokhu kungenza izwi lakho lizwakale lihlwithwe, liphefumule, licindezelekile, noma liphele ngokuphelele.

Lezi zimo ziyavame kakhulu kunalokho ongase ucabange. Cishe wonke umuntu uhlangabezana nezinguquko zezwi ngesinye isikhathi, kungaba ngenxa yempilo, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, noma ezinye izinto. Nakuba izinhlupheko eziningi zezwi zingapheli isikhathi futhi zingenazinkinga, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kungakusiza ukuthi unakekele kangcono izwi lakho futhi wazi ukuthi nini kufanele ucele usizo.

Iyini inkinga yokukhuluma?

Inkinga yokukhuluma yinoma iyiphi isimo esithinta indlela izwi lakho elizwakala ngayo noma elizwakala ngayo uma ukhuluma noma ucula. Izwi lakho lenziwa uma umoya ovela emaphashini akho udlula kuma-vocal cords akho, ubenza babe khona ukwenza umsindo.

Uma kukhona okuhlanganisayo nalo mkhondo, ungase uqaphele izinguquko ekujuleni, ekuqinisweni, noma ekubonakaleni kwezwi lakho. Izinkinga zokukhuluma zingase zibe zinkulu kusuka ekuhlwithweni okuncane okuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya ezimweni ezinkulu eziqeda kakhulu ukuxhumana kwakho kwansuku zonke.

Lezi zinkinga zingathinta noma ubani kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Noma kunjalo, zivame kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa izwi labo ngokusebenza, njengabafundisi, abaculi, noma abakhulumi bomphakathi.

Ziyini izimpawu zezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izimpawu zezinkinga zokukhuluma zingase zihluke kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile uzoqaphela izinguquko endleleni izwi lakho elizwakala ngayo noma elizwakala ngayo. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela kancane kancane, nakuba ezinye zingase zivele ngokuzumayo ngemuva kwesifo noma ukulimala.

Nawa izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuhlwithwa noma izwi elihlafuna, elihlafuna
• Izwi elizwakala liphefumula noma elibuthakathaka
• Ukuhlupheka noma ukuzama uma ukhuluma
• Izwi eliqhekeka noma eliqhekeka ngokungalindelekile
• Ukunciphisa ubukhulu bezwi noma ukuhluleka ukufinyelela ezinye izikhundla
• Ukukhathala kwezwi ngemuva kokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki kwentamo uma ukhuluma
• Ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okuthiwe entanyeni yakho

Izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezikhathazayo zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwezwi, ubunzima bokuginya, noma ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo entanyeni. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili.

Ziyini izinhlobo zezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izinkinga zokukhuluma ziwela ezinhlotsheni ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe kulokho okubangela inkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kungakusiza ukuthi uchaze kangcono izimpawu zakho kumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Izinkinga zokusebenza kwezwi

Lezi zenzeka uma usebenzisa izwi lakho ngokungalungile, okuholela ekuhluphekeni noma ekonakaleni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-vocal cords akho aphilile ngokomzimba, kodwa imikhuba emibi yezwi ibangela izinkinga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izimo ezifana ne-muscle tension dysphonia, lapho imisipha yentamo iba qinile kakhulu uma ikhuluma.

Izinkinga zezwi ezingokomzimba

Lezi zihlanganisa izinguquko zomzimba kuma-vocal cords akho noma ezakhiwo ezizungezile. Izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa ama-vocal cord nodules (ukukhula okuncane), ama-polyps (ukukhula okukhulu), noma ukuqina kwe-vocal cord eyodwa noma zombili. Lezi zimo zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha futhi ngokuvamile ukwelashwa okuqondile.

Izinkinga zezwi ezingokwengqondo

Lezi zivela ezinkingeni zokulawulwa kwesistimu yezinzwa kokukhiqizwa kwezwi. Izimo ezifana ne-Parkinson's disease, isifo sokuqhaqhazela, noma i-spasmodic dysphonia (ukukhawulela okungakwazi ukulawulwa kwemisipha) ziwela kuleli qembu. Lezi zinkinga ngokuvamile zidinga izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile.

Ziyini izimbangela zezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izinkinga zokukhuluma zingase zivele ezintweni eziningi ezahlukene, ngokuvamile zisebenza ndawonye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kungakusiza ukuthi uvikele izwi lakho futhi uvikele izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezwi noma ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kokukhuluma okukhulu, ukukhuluma okukhulu, noma indlela embi yokukhuluma
• Ukutheleleka kwesigaxa esiphezulu okubangela ukuvuvukala kwama-vocal cords
• Ukubuyela emuva kwesisu okubangela ukuvuvukala kwezitho zentamo
• Ukubhema noma ukudalulwa ezintweni ezikhuthazayo ezifana nezikhemikhali noma uthuli
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okwomisa izicubu ze-vocal cord
• Uketshezi okubangela ukuvuvukala kwentamo
• Izingozi ze-hormonal, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala noma i-menopause
• Imithi ethile eyomisa intamo

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa izimo zezinzwa, izifo zokuziphatha, noma ukukhula kuma-vocal cords. Izingozi ezihlobene nobudala zingase futhi zithinte ikhwalithi yezwi njengoba imisipha nezicubu ziguquka ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma izinguquko zezwi zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile njengokubanda. Lesi sikhathi sivumela ukuphulukiswa okujwayelekile kokukhathazeka okuncane ngenkathi uqaphela izinkinga ezinkulu ngokushesha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa kwezwi ngokuzumayo, okuphelele, ubunzima bokuqeda, ubunzima bokuginya, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu entanyeni. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise isimo esinzima esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Cabanga futhi ukubona udokotela uma izinkinga zezwi zithinta kakhulu umsebenzi wakho, impilo yakho yomphakathi, noma imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ngisho nezinkinga ezincane zezwi zingase zizuze ekuhlolweni nasekwelapheni kwabasebenzi bezempilo.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izinto ezithile zingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokuthuthukisa izinkinga zezwi. Ukwazi lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuze uvikele izwi lakho.

Izinto zokusebenza neze-lifestyle ezandisa ingozi zihlanganisa:

• Imisebenzi edinga ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezwi (ukufundisa, ukucula, ukukhuluma komphakathi)
• Ukubhema noma ukudalulwa njalo ukubhema okwesibili
• Ukukhuluma okukhulu noma ukukhuluma okukhulu njalo
• Ukuhlanza intamo noma ukukhokha njalo
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Ukusebenza ezindaweni ezigcwele uthuli noma izikhemikhali
• Ukucindezeleka okuhlala njalo okuholela ekuhluphekeni kwemisipha

Izimo zezokwelapha ezandisa ingozi zihlanganisa ukubuyela emuva kwesisu, uketshezi, izinkinga ze-thyroid, nezimo zezinzwa. Ubudala buye buyisici, njengoba izicubu zezwi ziguquka ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza abantu abadala babe sengozini yokuba nezinkinga zezwi.

Ziyini izinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Nakuba izinkinga eziningi zokukhuluma zilawuleka, ukuzishiya zingalashwa kungase kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Ukungenelela ngokushesha ngokuvamile kuvimbela lezi zinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke.

Izinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukonakala okungapheli kwe-vocal cord ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okungalungile okuqhubekayo
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-vocal cord nodules noma ama-polyps
• Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwezwi ezimweni ezinkulu
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okuhlala njalo uma ukhuluma
• Ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi ngenxa yobunzima bokuqondana
• Ukulinganiselwa komsebenzi wemisebenzi ecindezelayo izwi
• Ithonya lengqondo elihlanganisa ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zokukhuluma ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni uma zitholakala ngokushesha. Ukusebenza nabachwepheshe bezempilo kungasiza ukuvimbela lezi zinhlupheko futhi kubuyisele izwi lakho emsebenzini walo omuhle kakhulu.

Ungazivimbela kanjani izinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izinkinga eziningi zokukhuluma zingavikeleka ngokunakekelwa okuhle kwezwi nemikhuba enempilo. Ukunakekela izwi lakho kubaluleke kakhulu uma ulisebenzisa njalo emsebenzini noma kwezinye imisebenzi.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okuvimbela:

• Hlala unamanzi ngokunisela amanzi amaningi usuku lonke
• Gwema ukukhuluma okukhulu noma ukukhuluma ngokukhulu isikhathi eside
• Thatha ama-break ezwi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okukhulu
• Ungabhemi futhi ugweme ukubhema okwesibili
• Linganisa utshwala nekhafeyin, okuyomisa izicubu zentamo
• Lawula ukubuyela emuva kwesisu ngokudla okufanele nemiyekezo uma kudingeka
• Sebenzisa indlela efanele yokukhuluma ngesimo esihle
• Welapha uketshezi nokutheleleka kwesigaxa esiphezulu ngokushesha

Uma umsebenzi wakho udinga ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezwi, cabanga ukufunda izindlela ezifanele zezwi kusuka ku-speech therapist noma umqeqeshi wezwi. Laba ochwepheshe bangakufundisa ukuthi ungalisebenzisa kanjani izwi lakho ngokuphumelelayo ngenkathi unciphise ukucindezeleka.

Izinkinga zokukhuluma zitholakala kanjani?

Ukuthola izinkinga zokukhuluma ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho oqaphela izwi lakho futhi ebuza ngezimpawu zakho. Bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi inkinga yaqala nini, yini eyenza ibe ngcono noma ibe yimbi, nokuthi ikuthinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqapha intamo yakho nekhala, efuna izimpawu zokuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala, noma ezinye izinto ezingavamile. Bangase futhi babeze ngembali yakho yezokwelapha, imithi, nezindlela zokusetshenziswa kwezwi.

Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ungase uqondiswe ochwepheshe wezinzwa, izindandatho, nekhala (ENT) noma i-speech-language pathologist. Laba ochwepheshe bangenza ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, kuhlanganise nokuqapha ama-vocal cords akho ngesikrini esikhethekile esibizwa nge-laryngoscope.

Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kungase kuhlanganise ukurekhoda kwezwi ukuhlaziya ikhwalithi yezwi lakho noma izifundo zokubonisa uma kukhona izinkinga zesakhiwo ezithathwa njengokungabaza. Umgomo ukwazi imbangela eqondile ukuze ukwelashwa kulungiswe ngokwezidingo zakho.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zokukhuluma kuncike embangelweni yangempela nobunzima besimo sakho. Izinkinga eziningi zezwi ziphulukana nokwelashwa okuqondile, kuyilapho ezinye zingase zidinga izindlela ezikhethekile.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula kwezwi ukuvumela izicubu ezivuvukile ziphulukane
• Ukwelashwa kwezwi nge-speech-language pathologist
• Imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala noma ukwelapha izimo eziyinhloko
• Izingozi ze-lifestyle ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema noma ukuphatha ukubuyela emuva kwesisu
• Ukunisela nokufudumala ukuhlala izicubu ziphilile
• Ukuhlinzwa kwezinkinga zesakhiwo ezifana nama-nodules noma ama-polyps

Ukwelashwa kwezwi ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha, ukukufundisa ukuthi ungalisebenzisa kanjani izwi lakho ngokuphumelelayo nangokuphepha. Lendlela ingase ibe yiphumelelayo kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinkinga zokukhuluma.

Ezimweni ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze imithi noma izinqubo zokwelapha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ungathatha kanjani ukwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya eziningi zingase zikusekele ekuphulukiseni izwi lakho ngenkathi uthola ukwelashwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zihlanganiswa nokukhathalelwa kwezokwelapha, hhayi njengokushintshwa kwakho.

Ukwelashwa ekhaya okuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula izwi lakho ngokukhuluma kancane nokugwema ukuthula
• Ukusela amanzi afudumele noma itiye lezimila ukuthambisa izicubu zentamo
• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ukwengeza umswakama emoyeni owomile
• Ukugwema ukuhlanza intamo, okungase kukhuthaze ama-vocal cords
• Ukuhlanza ngamanzi afudumele ane-salt ukuqeda ukuvuvukala
• Ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele ukuqeda umusi
• Ukugwema izinto ezikhuthazayo ezifana nomusi, ama-perfume aqinile, noma izinto zokuhlanza

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphumula ngokuphelele kwezwi kusho ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izwi, kuhlanganise nokuthula, okungase kwenze ama-vocal cords akho acindezeleke kakhulu kunokukhuluma okujwayelekile. Uma kufanele uxhumane, zama ukubhala noma ukusebenzisa izandla esikhundleni salokho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono inkinga yakho yezwi futhi enze uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo. Ukulungiselela kancane kuhamba ibanga elide ekufuneni okuningi ekuhambeni kwakho.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, bhala phansi ukuthi izinkinga zakho zezwi zaqala nini, yini ebonakala iyikhuthaza, nokuthi yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi. Qaphela ezinye izimpawu ozibona, ngisho noma zibonakala zingahlobene.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke nezinye izinto ozithathayo, njengoba ezinye zingase zithinte izwi lakho. Lungiselela futhi ukuxoxa ngezindlela zakho zokusetshenziswa kwezwi, kuhlanganise nezidingo zomsebenzi nanoma yiluphi usuku oluvamile noma ukulimala.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ongakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olukhulu oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-appointment. Bangase futhi baqaphele izinguquko zezwi ozijwayele.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngezinkinga zokukhuluma?

Izinkinga zokukhuluma ziyizimo ezivamile, ezilawuleka ezingafanele ziganjwa uma zihlala njalo. Izwi lakho liyisigaba esibalulekile sendlela oxhumana ngayo futhi uziveza ngayo, ngakho ukunakekela kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwakho.

Izinkinga eziningi zezwi ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni, ikakhulukazi uma zitholakala ngokushesha. Kungaba ukuphumula kwezwi okulula, izindlela zokwelapha, noma ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezindlela ezisebenzayo ezitholakala cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zokukhuluma.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela ngokuvamile kulula kunokwelapha. Ngokuqeqesha ukunakekelwa okuhle kwezwi nokukhathalela indlela osebenzisa ngayo izwi lakho, ungavimba izinkinga eziningi ngaphambi kokuba ziqale.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngezinkinga zokukhuluma

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela izinkinga zezwi?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka ngokuqinisekile kungathinta izwi lakho. Uma ucindezelekile, imisipha yakho ivame ukuqina, kuhlanganise nalabo abaseduze kwentamo yakho nama-vocal cords. Lokhu kucindezeleka kungenza izwi lakho lizwakale licindezelekile noma libe nomuzwa wokukhathala ngokushesha. Ukucindezeleka okuhlala njalo kungase futhi kuholele emikhubeni efana nokuhlanza intamo noma ukuphefumula okujulile okwenza ikhwalithi yezwi ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuthi izwi lami liguquke njengoba ngidala?

Ezinye izinguquko zezwi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziyinto evamile, kodwa izinkinga ezinkulu azilona into okufanele uyamukele. Njengoba ukhula, ama-vocal cords akho angase abe buthakathaka futhi imisipha yakho yokuphefumula ingase ibuthakathaka kancane. Noma kunjalo, izinguquko ezinkulu zezwi, ukuhlwithwa okuhlala njalo, noma ubunzima bokuzwa kufanele kuhlolwe udodotela.

Kufanele ngithule uma izwi lami lihlwithwe?

Cha, ukuthula empeleni kungase kucindezele ama-vocal cords akho kakhulu kunokukhuluma okujwayelekile, okuthambile. Uma uthula, ucindezela umoya ngama-vocal cords aqinile, okungase kukhuthaze ukuvuvukala. Esikhundleni salokho, zama ukukhuluma kancane ngezwi lakho elijwayelekile noma uphumule izwi lakho ngokuphelele uma kungenzeka.

Kufanele ngiphumule izwi lami isikhathi esingakanani uma lihluphekile?

Ngokukhathazeka okuncane okuvela ekubandeni noma ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu, amahora angama-24-48 okuphumula kwezwi ngokuvamile kusiza kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, uma izwi lakho lingathuthuki ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula, noma uma unezimpawu ezinkulu, sekufanele ubona umhlinzeki wezempilo. Ukuphumula ngokuphelele kwezwi kusho ukugwema ukukhuluma konke, kuhlanganise nokuthula.

Ingabe uketshezi kungathinta izwi lami?

Yebo, uketshezi kungathinta izwi lakho ngezindlela eziningi. Kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwentamo, kukhulise ukukhiqizwa komswakama, futhi kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwentamo okukhuthaza ama-vocal cords. Ukuphatha uketshezi kwakho ngemithi efanele nokugwema izinto ezikhuthazayo kungasiza ekuvikeleni ikhwalithi yezwi lakho.