Yini i-Abiraterone: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Abiraterone iyikhambi lomdlavuza eliqondiwe elisiza ukulwa nomdlavuza we-prostate oqhubekayo ngokuvimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone. Lo muthi omlomo usebenza ngokuvimbela umzimba wakho ekwenzeni amahomoni aqhuba izinhlobo ezithile zamaseli omdlavuza we-prostate, ngempela elambisa umdlavuza ngalokho okudingayo ukuze ukhule.

Uma wena noma othandiweyo wakho unikezwe i-abiraterone, cishe ubhekene nomdlavuza we-prostate oqhubekayo oye wasakazeka ngaphandle kwendlala ye-prostate. Lokhu kungase kuzizwe kukhulu, kodwa ukuqonda ukuthi lo muthi usebenza kanjani kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke futhi uqiniseke ngohambo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Yini i-Abiraterone?

I-Abiraterone iyikhambi lokwelapha ngamahomoni elenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha umdlavuza we-prostate oyi-metastatic. Igama elithi "micronized" limane lisho ukuthi umuthi uye waqhutshwa waba yizinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ezingamuncwa kalula nangempumelelo ngumzimba wakho.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-androgen biosynthesis inhibitors. Cabanga ngayo njengethuluzi elikhethekile eliqondise izindlela ezithile amaseli omdlavuza azisebenzisela ukukhulisa ukukhula kwawo. Ngokungafani ne-chemotherapy ethinta izinhlobo eziningi zamaseli, i-abiraterone igxila ngokuqondile ezindleleni zokukhiqiza amahomoni.

Umuthi uza ngamaphilisi omlomo owathatha ngomlomo, okwenza kube lula kunezindlela zokwelapha ezidinga ukuvakashelwa esibhedlela ukuze kufakwe imithi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine okuningi kwenkambo yakho ejwayelekile ngenkathi uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza okuphumelelayo.

Isetshenziselwani i-Abiraterone?

I-Abiraterone isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha umdlavuza we-prostate oyi-metastatic castration-resistant (mCRPC). Lokhu kusho umdlavuza we-prostate oye wasakazekela ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho futhi uqhubeka ukhula ngisho nalapho amazinga e-testosterone ephansi kakhulu.

Udktela wakho angase akunikeze i-abiraterone uma umdlavuza wakho wendlala yesinye uqhubeke ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwamanye amahomoni noma ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwezicubu ezikhiqiza i-testosterone. Ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho umdlavuza usabalale emathanjeni, ama-lymph nodes, noma ezinye izitho, futhi ukwelashwa okuvamile akusawulawuli ngempumelelo lesi sifo.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela baphinda banikeze i-abiraterone ngomdlavuza wendlala yesinye oqhubekayo ozwela amahomoni kanye nokunye ukwelashwa. Le ndlela isiza ekuvikeleni umdlavuza ekubeni ngumelana nokwelashwa ngamahloni futhi inganweba isikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi lesi sifo siqhubeke.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Abiraterone?

I-Abiraterone isebenza ngokuvimba i-enzyme ebizwa nge-CYP17A1, esetshenziswa umzimba wakho ukwenza i-testosterone namanye ama-androgens. Amaseli omdlavuza wendlala yesinye ngokuvamile ancike kulawa mahomoni ukuze asinde futhi azale, ngakho-ke ukuqeda ukuhlinzekwa kwawo kunganciphisa noma kumise ukukhula komdlavuza.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengenketho yokwelapha eqinile nephumelelayo yomdlavuza wendlala yesinye oqhubekayo. Ivimba ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni hhayi nje emathanjeni akho, kodwa nasemgudwini wakho we-adrenal nakumaseli omdlavuza ngokwawo. Le ndlela ebanzi yenza kube nzima ngamaseli omdlavuza ukuthola amahomoni abawadingayo.

Umuthi ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa, yize ungase ungazizwa izinguquko ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho e-PSA (i-prostate-specific antigen) nezinye izimpawu zegazi ukuze alandelele ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani kuwe.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Abiraterone?

Thatha i-abiraterone ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uyithathe okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, njengoba ukudla kungakhuphula kakhulu ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kangakanani umuthi.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwaphule, noma uwahlafune amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi okhishwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuwuthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho.

Uzodinga futhi ukuthatha i-prednisone noma i-prednisolone kanye ne-abiraterone. Lo muthi we-steroid usiza ukuvimbela imiphumela engemihle ehlobene nezinguquko zamahomoni futhi uyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka umthamo ofanele kanye nohlelo lwazo zombili izidakamizwa.

Ngingawuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-Abiraterone?

Ngokuvamile uzoqhubeka nokuthatha i-abiraterone uma nje ilawula umdlavuza wakho futhi uyayibekezelela kahle. Lokhu kungaba izinyanga noma iminyaka, kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, ukuskena kwezithombe, kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba. Uma amazinga akho e-PSA eqala ukukhuphuka ngokuqhubekayo noma ukuskena kubonisa ukuqhubeka komdlavuza, udokotela wakho angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma ashintshele kweminye imithi.

Abanye abantu bathatha i-abiraterone isikhathi eside ngemiphumela emihle, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukushintsha ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Impendulo yakho ngamunye izokuqondisa ukuthi uqhubeka isikhathi esingakanani ngalo muthi, futhi ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukwenza izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Engemihle ye-Abiraterone?

Njengayo yonke imithi yomdlavuza, i-abiraterone ingabangela imiphumela engemihle, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi engemihle iyalawuleka, futhi ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha eduze ukuze libhekane nanoma yiziphi izinkinga eziphakamayo.

Imiphumela engemihle evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukukhathala, ubuhlungu emalungeni, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho noma ezinyaweni, ukushisa, kanye nohudo. Le miphumela ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini, futhi zikhona izindlela zokuphatha ngempumelelo.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína kodwa engavamile ingabandakanya izinkinga zesibindi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, amazinga aphansi e-potassium, kanye nezinguquko zesigqi senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola igazi lakho njalo ukuze abambe lezi zinkinga zisasekuqaleni. Amanye amadoda nawo athola ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ubuhlungu bamathambo, noma izinguquko emazingeni kashukela egazini.

Ngokuvamile, i-abiraterone ingabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma ukwehla okuyingozi komfutho wegazi. Yingakho ukuqapha njalo kubaluleke kangaka. Uma uqaphela ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo akho, ukukhathala okukhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Abiraterone?

I-Abiraterone ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ilungele yini. Abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha lo muthi, njengoba ungase uqhubekisele phambili izinkinga zesibindi.

Uma unomlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe, noma iziyaluyalu ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungase uthinte inhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi, ngakho lezi zimo zidinga ukuqapha okukhethekile.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abangase bakhulelwe akufanele baphathe amaphilisi e-abiraterone, njengoba umuthi ungase ulimaze ingane ekhulayo. Amadoda athatha i-abiraterone kufanele asebenzise izindlela zokulawula inzalo eziphumelelayo uma umlingani wabo engakhulelwa, njengoba umuthi ungase ube khona emanzini ocansi.

Udokotela wakho uzobheka neminye imithi oyithathayo, njengoba i-abiraterone ingase ihlangane nemithi yokunciphisa igazi, imithi ethile yenhliziyo, neminye imithi ethinta ukusebenza kwesibindi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Abiraterone

I-Abiraterone itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Zytiga iyona engaziwa kakhulu. Le yiyona nguqulo yokuqala ye-abiraterone acetate eyavunywa yi-FDA futhi ikhiqizwa yi-Janssen Pharmaceuticals.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-abiraterone manje ziyatholakala kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene, okungenza imithi ibe ngentengo ephansi. Lezi zinhlobo ezivamile ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo njengomuthi onegama lomkhiqizo.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase libe nezinhlobo ezahlukene noma izinhlobo ezivamile, kodwa empeleni zonke ziyimithi efanayo. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nohlobo olutholayo, usokhemisi wakho angachaza umehluko futhi asize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inketho engabizi kakhulu.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha Nge-Abiraterone

Uma i-abiraterone ingakulungele noma iyeka ukusebenza, ezinye izinketho zokwelapha ziyatholakala ngomdlavuza we-prostate oqhubekayo. I-Enzalutamide (Xtandi) enye i-hormone therapy esebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa iqondise izindlela ezifanayo.

I-Docetaxel chemotherapy ivame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza we-prostate metastatic, kungaba yodwa noma ngokuhlanganiswa ne-hormone therapies. Ukwelashwa okusha njenge-radium-223 (Xofigo) kungasiza uma umdlavuza usabalale emathanjeni, kuyilapho i-sipuleucel-T (Provenge) iyinketho ye-immunotherapy.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele izivivinyo zemitholampilo yokwelashwa okungokwesipiliyoni, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kungasebenzi kahle. Indawo yokwelashwa yomdlavuza we-prostate iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ngemithi emisha nokuhlanganiswa okuthuthukiswa njalo.

Ingabe i-Abiraterone Ingcono Kune-Enzalutamide?

Kokubili i-abiraterone ne-enzalutamide ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yomdlavuza we-prostate oqhubekayo, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezehlukile. I-Abiraterone ivimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone, kuyilapho i-enzalutamide ivimba ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza asebenzisa kanjani ama-hormone asevele ekhona.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kokubili imithi inganweba ukusinda futhi ithuthukise izinga lempilo lamadoda anomdlavuza we-prostate metastatic. Ukukhetha phakathi kwabo kuvame ukuncika esimweni sakho esithile, ezinye izimo zempilo, nokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Abanye abantu benza ngcono ngomuthi owodwa kunomunye, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengempilo yakho yamanje, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nemiphumela engaba khona lapho enza izincomo. Zombili zithathwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala komdlavuza we-prostate oqhubekayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Abiraterone

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-Abiraterone iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Abiraterone ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha nokuphathwa ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungathinta umfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela womdlavuza kuzodingeka basebenzisane ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzoqapha inhliziyo yakho eduze, ahlolisise umfutho wegazi lakho njalo, futhi angase alungise eminye imithi yenhliziyo oyithathayo. Abantu abaningi abanezifo zenhliziyo basengazuza ekwelashweni kwe-abiraterone uma beqashwe kahle.

Umbuzo 2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa ngengozi ukuthatha i-Abiraterone eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-abiraterone eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zesibindi kanye nezinguquko zokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi uzizwa ulungile yini. Noma ngabe awuqapheli izimpawu ngokushesha, ukweqisa kungabangela imiphumela elibazisekile edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingakuncoma ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke nokuthi ngabe udinga yini ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Umbuzo 3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Abiraterone?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-abiraterone, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma sekudlule amahora angaphansi kwama-12 kusukela ngesikhathi somthamo wakho obekiwe. Uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwama-12, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ongekho, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Abiraterone?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-abiraterone lapho udokotela wakho ekweluleka ukuthi wenze njalo. Lokhu kuvamile ukwenzeka uma umdlavuza uqhubeka naphezu kokwelashwa, uma uba nemiphumela emibi engathi sína, noma uma udokotela wakho encoma ukushintshela kwenye indlela yokwelapha.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-abiraterone ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha, ngoba lokhu kungavumela umdlavuza wakho ukuthi uqhubeke ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha isimo sakho njalo futhi axoxe nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa nawe.

Q5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Abiraterone?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-abiraterone, ngoba kokubili utshwala kanye nomuthi kungathinta isibindi sakho. Ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokulinganisela kuvame ukuba kuhle, kodwa kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu siqu.

Uma unezinkinga zesibindi noma uthatha eminye imithi ethinta isibindi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linganikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho yonke kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.