Yini i-Acitretin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Acitretin iyimithi enamandla yomlomo eyingxenye yeqembu lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-retinoids, ahlobene eduze novithamini A. Udokotela wakho angase akunike le mithi uma ubhekene ne-psoriasis eqinile engazange iphendule kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwamaseli esikhumba okubangela izindawo eziqine, ezinamaqhuqhuva eziyisici se-psoriasis. Ngenkathi ingasebenza kahle kakhulu, i-acitretin idinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela ngenxa yamandla ayo nemiphumela engase ibe khona eceleni.

Yini i-Acitretin?

I-Acitretin iyi-retinoid yokwenziwa elingisa imiphumela kavithamini A emzimbeni wakho. Yenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha izimo zesikhumba ezinzima ngokulawula indlela amaseli esikhumba sakho akhula futhi achitheka ngayo.

Le mithi ithathwa njengokwelashwa okuhlelekile, okusho ukuthi isebenza kuwo wonke umzimba wakho kunokuba nje ebusweni besikhumba sakho. Ngokungafani nokwelashwa okungaphezulu okukusebenzisa ngqo ezindaweni ezithintekile, i-acitretin ihamba ngegazi lakho ukuze ifinyelele amaseli esikhumba yonke indawo.

Lesi sidakamizwa sibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-psoriasis ngoba sibhekana nezinqubo zamaseli eziyisisekelo ezibangela lesi simo esingapheli. Empeleni isiza ukujwayela indlela isikhumba sakho esikhiqiza futhi sithatha indawo yamaseli ngayo.

Isetshenziselwani i-Acitretin?

I-Acitretin ikakhulukazi inikezelwa nge-psoriasis eqinile, ikakhulukazi lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze usizo olwanele. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzocabangela le mithi lapho ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhanya kungasebenzi ngokwanele.

Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-psoriasis ezingaba yinselele ekwelapheni. Nazi izimo eziyinhloko lapho i-acitretin ikhombisa khona inzuzo enkulu:

• I-psoriasis eqinile ye-plaque emboza izindawo ezinkulu zomzimba wakho
• I-Pustular psoriasis, ebangela izigaxa ezigcwele amanyala esikhumbeni sakho
• I-Erythrodermic psoriasis, uhlobo olungavamile kodwa olubucayi oluthinta iningi lomzimba wakho
• I-Psoriasis ethinta izintende zezandla nezinyawo zakho, okungaba nzima kakhulu

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase futhi banikeze i-acitretin kwezinye izimo zesikhumba ezinzima njengezinhlobo ezithile ze-ichthyosis noma izifo ze-keratosis. Kodwa-ke, i-psoriasis isahlala iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi efundwe kahle.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Acitretin?

I-Acitretin isebenza ngokubopha kuma-receptors athile emangqamuzaneni esikhumba sakho futhi ilawule ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo. Le nqubo isiza ukujwayela ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwamaseli okubonisa i-psoriasis.

Esikhumbeni esinempilo, amaseli athatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-28 ukusuka ezingqimbeni ezijulile ukuya phezulu lapho echitheka ngokwemvelo. Nge-psoriasis, le nqubo iyashesha kakhulu ngemizuzu engu-3-4 nje, idala izindawo eziqine, ezinama-scaly ozibonayo.

I-Acitretin empeleni itshela amaseli esikhumba sakho ukuthi anciphise futhi aziphathe ngendlela ejwayelekile. Inciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi isiza ekuvikeleni ukwakheka okukhulu kwamaseli esikhumba akha ama-psoriatic plaques.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengonamandla kakhulu emhlabeni wokwelashwa kwe-psoriasis. Ngenkathi ingeyona inketho enamandla kakhulu etholakalayo, inamandla kakhulu kunezindlela zokwelapha zendawo futhi ingaveza ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimweni ezinzima.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Acitretin?

Njalo thatha i-acitretin ngendlela enembile njengoba udokotela wakho ekunqumela, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngokudla kwakho okuyinhloko. Ukuyithatha nokudla, ikakhulukazi okuthile okuqukethe amafutha athile, kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce umuthi ngempumelelo.

Uzodinga ukugwinya amaphilisi wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachotshozi, uwahlafune, noma uvule amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani futhi kungase kubangele ukucasuka emlonyeni wakho noma emqaleni.

Nawa amanye amathrekhi abalulekile okufanele uwalandele lapho uthatha i-acitretin:

• Yithathe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho
• Yithathe nokudla kwakho okukhulu kosuku ukuze kumuncwe kangcono
• Gwema ukuyithatha nobisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi, ngoba lokhu kunganciphisa ukumuncwa
• Ungathathi izithasiselo zikavithamini A ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi

Udkt wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewulungisa kancane kancane ngokusekelwe endleleni ozosabela ngayo kanye nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo. Le ndlela eqaphelayo isiza ukunciphisa izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenkathi ikhuphula izinzuzo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Acitretin?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-acitretin buhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa abantu abaningi badinga ukuyithatha izinyanga eziningana ukuze babone izinzuzo eziphelele. Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzoncoma ukuhlala emuthini okungenani izinyanga ezi-3-4 ukuze uhlole kahle ukusebenza kwawo.

Abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokuthatha i-acitretin izinyanga eziyi-6-12 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngokuthi basabela kanjani futhi bayayibekezelela. Abanye abantu abanesifo se-psoriasis esibi kakhulu bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ukuze bagcine isikhumba esicacile.

Udkt wakho uzohlola njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthi isikhumba sakho sisabela kahle kangakanani, noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Kubalulekile ukungayeki ukuthatha i-acitretin ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodkt wakho kuqala. Izimpawu zakho ze-psoriasis zingase zibuye, futhi kwezinye izimo, zingabuyela zibe zimbi kakhulu kunakuqala uma umuthi uyekwa kungazelelwe.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Acitretin?

Njengayo yonke imithi enamandla, i-acitretin ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ihlobene nemiphumela efana novithamini A emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodkt wakho. Nawa imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi:

• Isikhumba nezindebe ezomile, okuthinta abantu abaningi abathatha lo muthi
• Ukuqina kwekhanda noma ukulahlekelwa izinwele okwesikhashana
• Amehlo omile kanye nezinguquko ezingaba khona embonweni
• Ukuqina kwesikhumba ezintendeni zezandla zakho nezinyawo
• Ukwanda kokuzwela elangeni
• Ukuphuma kwegazi emakhaleni ngenxa yokoma kwamaphaseji ekhaleni
• Ubuhlungu emalungeni noma emisipheni
• Ukucabanga

Ngenkathi le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ingaba ngaphandle kokunethezeka, ivamise ukulawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinguquko ezinzima zemizwa, izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo, noma ukucabanga okunzima okuqhubekayo.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebalulekile edinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kubandakanya ukucindezeleka okukhulu, imicabango yokuzilimaza, noma izimpawu zokwanda kwengcindezi ekhakhazini lakho njengokucabanga okuqhubekayo nezinguquko embonweni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Acitretin?

I-Acitretin ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi kunezimo eziningana ezibalulekile lapho lo muthi kufanele ugwenywe ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala.

Ukuphikisana okubaluleke kakhulu kuhilela ukukhulelwa kanye nokwenzeka kokukhulelwa. I-Acitretin ingabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa futhi akufanele neze ithathwe abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abangase bakhulelwe.

Nawa amaqembu amakhulu abantu okungafanele bathathe i-acitretin:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlela ukukhulelwa
• Abesifazane abangase bakhulelwe futhi abakwazi ukuzibophezela ekutholeni izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezithembekile
• Abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima noma izinkinga zokusebenza kwesibindi
• Abantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu kakhulu noma amazinga e-triglyceride
• Labo abanezifo ezinzima zezinso
• Abantu abathatha imithi ethile exhumana ngobungozi ne-acitretin

Udktela wakho uzophinda aqaphele uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma umlando wokucindezeleka. Lezi zimo akudingeki zikuvimbele ukuthatha i-acitretin, kodwa zidinga ukuqashwa okuseduze.

Uma uncelisa, kuzodingeka uxoxe ngobungozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho, njengoba i-acitretin ingadlulela obisini lwebele.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Acitretin

I-Acitretin itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Soriatane iyona evame ukwaziwa e-United States. Le nguqulo yegama lomkhiqizo iqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njenge-acitretin ejwayelekile.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo ongahlangana nawo afaka i-Neotigason kwamanye amazwe, nakuba ukutholakala kuhluka ngokuya ngendawo. Ikhemisi lakho lingase linikeze igama lomkhiqizo noma inguqulo ejwayelekile ngokuya ngokumbozwa komshuwalense wakho nokutholakala.

Noma ngabe uthola igama lomkhiqizo noma i-acitretin ejwayelekile, umuthi usebenza ngendlela efanayo. Izinguqulo ezijwayelekile zihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zilingana nomkhiqizo wegama ngokuqina nokuphepha.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Acitretin

Uma i-acitretin ingakulungele noma inganikezi imiphumela eyanele, kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-psoriasis ebucayi. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zinketho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zesistimu ezingase zicatshangelwe zifaka i-methotrexate, i-cyclosporine, noma imithi emisha ye-biologic. Ngamunye unamathuba awo neziphumela ezingase zibe khona okufanele zicatshangelwe.

Nazi ezinye izindlela ezingase zixoxwe ngudokotela wakho:

• I-Methotrexate, ecindezela amasosha akho omzimba ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• I-Cyclosporine yokulawula isikhashana kwama-flares abucayi
• Imithi ye-Biologic efana ne-adalimumab noma i-ustekinumab
• I-Apremilast, umuthi omlomo osebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-acitretin
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Phototherapy kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwe-UV

Ithuba elingcono kakhulu

Elinye ithuba elingcono kakhulu lincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ubukhulu be-psoriasis yakho, nezintandokazi zakho. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inketho efanele.

Ingabe i-Acitretin ingcono kune-Methotrexate?

Kokubili i-acitretin ne-methotrexate ziyizindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ze-psoriasis enzima, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zinamandla ahlukene. Akukho noyedwa 'ongcono' kunomunye - ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ezimweni zakho.

I-Acitretin isebenza ngokujwayelekile ukukhula kwamaseli esikhumba futhi ayicindezeli amasosha akho omzimba njengoba i-methotrexate yenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukho engozini eyengeziwe yokutheleleka, okungaba yinzuzo kwabanye abantu.

I-Methotrexate, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenza ngokunciphisa ukusabela okuvuvukalayo okuqhubela phambili i-psoriasis. Ivame ukusebenza ngokushesha kune-acitretin futhi ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ku-psoriatic arthritis uma unezimpawu zamalunga.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici eziningana lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho yonke, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, nokuthi i-psoriasis yakho ithinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Abanye abantu basebenzisa ngisho nemithi yomibili ndawonye ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Acitretin

Ingabe i-Acitretin iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

I-Acitretin ingasetshenziswa ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungase ukwazi ukuthinta amazinga akho kashukela egazini futhi ungase uhlangane neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela.

Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqapha ushukela wakho wegazi eduze lapho uqala i-acitretin. Bangase futhi badinge ukulungisa imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela noma batusa izinguquko ekudleni kwakho nasekuzivoceni.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela nokuthi ushukela wakho wegazi ulawulwa kahle kangakanani. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi i-acitretin ilungele yini wena.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuzile I-Acitretin Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-acitretin eningi kunaleyo oyinikiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuphuza okuningi kungaholela ebuthini be-vitamin A, obungabangela izimpawu ezinzima.

Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-acitretin zingabandakanya ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, noma umbono ongacacile. Ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zivele – funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uphuze imithamo eyengeziwe.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, gcina imithi yakho esitsheni sayo sokuqala futhi uyithathe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ungalokothi uphinde imithamo uma weqa eyodwa.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Acitretin?

Uma weqa umthamo we-acitretin, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, okungcono ngokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, weqa umthamo oweqiwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo oweqiwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngomvuzo owengeziwe.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, zama ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma uthathe imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nomunye umsebenzi wansuku zonke, njengokudla kwakusihlwa. Isikhathi esiqhubekayo sisiza ukugcina amazinga aqinile emithi emzimbeni wakho.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuphuza I-Acitretin?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuphuza i-acitretin ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuqhubeka nemithi izinyanga eziningana ukuze bagcine isikhumba esicacile, futhi ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungase kubangele ukuthi i-psoriasis yakho ibuye.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola intuthuko yakho njalo futhi angase anciphise kancane kancane umthamo wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka ngokuphelele. Le ndlela isiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi i-psoriasis yakho ivuthe ngemva kokuyeka.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuhlala ku-acitretin isikhathi eside ukuze balawule i-psoriasis yabo. Udokotela wakho uzokala izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona zesikhathi eside futhi axoxe ngesu elingcono kakhulu lokunakekela isimo sakho.

Ngingawuphuza Utshwala Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Acitretin?

Kufanele ukugweme ngokuphelele utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-acitretin futhi okungenani izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuyeka umuthi. Utshwala bungandisa ingozi yezinkinga zesibindi futhi bungaphazamisa indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo umuthi.

Ukuhlanganisa utshwala ne-acitretin kungase futhi kwenze kube kubi imiphumela ethile engemihle efana nesiyezi futhi kungandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yokuzala, njengoba utshwala bungandisa isikhathi i-acitretin ehlala ngaso emzimbeni wakho.

Uma ukhathazekile ngokugwema utshwala, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana namaqhinga okusiza noma ukuthi ngabe ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zifaneleke kakhulu ngendlela yakho yokuphila.