Yini i-Alendronate: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Alendronate iyimithi eqinisa amathambo esiza ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kubantu abane-osteoporosis noma ukulahlekelwa amathambo. Ingaphansi kweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bisphosphonates, asebenza ngokunciphisa inqubo yemvelo echitha izicubu zamathambo. Lokhu kunika umzimba wakho isikhathi esiningi sokwakha amathambo amasha, aqinile, okusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuphuka nokuqhekeka njengoba ukhula.

Yini i-Alendronate?

I-Alendronate iyimithi kadokotela eyenzelwe ukwelapha nokuvimbela i-osteoporosis, isimo lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka futhi abe buthuntu. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela yokuvikela amathambo akho - isiza ukugcina ubukhulu bamathambo ngokugxambukela ngamaseli avame ukuchitha izicubu zamathambo.

Umuthi uza ngesimo samaphilisi futhi uthathwa ngomlomo, ngokuvamile kanye ngesonto noma kanye ngosuku kuye ngesincomo sikadokotela wakho. Isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka ukusiza izigidi zabantu ukuthi zigcine amathambo aqinile futhi zinciphise ingozi yabo yokuphuka.

I-Alendronate ithathwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-osteoporosis, okusho ukuthi odokotela bavame ukuyikhetha njengesincomo sabo sokuqala ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okufakazelwe kanye nephrofayili yezokuphepha esungulwe kahle.

Yini i-Alendronate Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Alendronate iphatha i-osteoporosis kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abasengozini enkulu yokuphuka kwamathambo. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abase-postmenopausal, njengoba izinguquko zamahomoni ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini zingasheshisa ukulahlekelwa amathambo.

Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-alendronate uma unezimo eziningana ezithile ezihlobene namathambo ezidinga ukunakwa:

• I-Osteoporosis enomlando wokuphuka
• Ukuminyana kwamathambo okuphansi (i-osteopenia) okuqhubekela ku-osteoporosis
• I-Osteoporosis ebangwa ama-steroid evela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-corticosteroid isikhathi eside
• Isifo sikaPaget, lapho amathambo ekhula ngobukhulu obungavamile futhi abuthakathaka
• Ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa amathambo kubantu abathatha imithi ebuthakathisa amathambo

Umuthi ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu asebevele behlangabezane nokuphuka okukodwa, njengoba unciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuphuka esikhathini esizayo. Iphinda isetshenziswe njengesivikelo kubantu abanezici eziningi eziyingozi ze-osteoporosis.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Alendronate?

I-Alendronate isebenza ngokuvimba amaseli akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-osteoclasts avame ukudiliza izicubu zamathambo ezindala. Lona umuthi onamandla aphakathi nendawo odala ushintsho olukhulu emzimbeni wakho wokwakheka kwamathambo.

Amathambo akho ahlala ezakhela kabusha ngokulinganisela kokudilizwa nokwakheka. Lapho lokhu kulinganisela kuya ekudilizweni okuningi kakhulu, amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi athambekele ekuphukeni. I-Alendronate iguqula isilinganiso ngokunciphisa uhlangothi lokudilizwa lwesibalo.

Umuthi ungena ezicutshini zamathambo akho futhi uhlala lapho izinyanga noma iminyaka, unikeza isivikelo esihlala isikhathi eside. Yingakho imiphumela iqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokuyeka ukuwuthatha, nakuba isivikelo sincipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuvamile uzoqala ukubona ukuthuthuka ekuminyaneni yamathambo phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 zokuqala ukwelashwa, ngemiphumela ephezulu evame ukufezwa ngemva kweminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 yokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Alendronate?

I-Alendronate idinga isikhathi esithile nokulungiselela ukuze isebenze kahle futhi igweme ukucasuka kwesisu. Kufanele uyithathe ekuseni ngokushesha ngesisu esingenalutho nengilazi egcwele amanzi acacile.

Nansi inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo udokotela wakho angase ayincomise:

1. Thatha ithebhulethi ngokushesha nje lapho uvuka, ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini
2. Yigwinye yonke ngamanzi acacile angama-6 kuya kwangu-8 ounces (hhayi amanzi amaminerali, ikhofi, noma ijusi)
3. Hlala uqonde (uhleli noma umile) okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokuyithatha
4. Linda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla, ukuphuza, noma ukuthatha eminye imithi
5. Ungalali phansi, ugobe, noma uzivocavoce ngamandla ngalesi sikhathi sokulinda

Le miyalelo ayizona nje iziphakamiso - ibalulekile ekuvikeleni imiphumela emibi engathi sína nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo. Isikhundla esiqondile sisiza ukuvimbela ithebhulethi ekucasukiseni umphimbo wakho.

Uma uthatha izithasiselo ze-calcium noma ama-antacid, linda okungenani amahora angu-2 ngemva komthamo wakho we-alendronate, ngoba lokhu kungaphazamisa ukumuncwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Alendronate?

Abantu abaningi bathatha i-alendronate iminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ekuqaleni, nakuba abanye bengase badinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kuye ngokuthi ingozi yabo yokuphuka injani. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke yini, uphumule, noma ushintshele emuthini ohlukile.

Ngemva kweminyaka emi-5 yokwelashwa, abantu abaningi bangathatha okubizwa ngokuthi

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa futhi zivame ukuzixazulula zodwa. Ukuthatha imithi ngendlela eqondile njengoba kuqondiswe kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yemiphumela emibi ehlobene nesisu.

Kukhona eminye imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, nakuba ithinta abantu abangaphansi kuka-1 kwabangu-1,000:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlathini noma ubunzima ekuvulekeni komlomo wakho (i-osteonecrosis yomhlathi)
• Ubuhlungu obungavamile ethangeni noma ubuhlungu obungapheli
• Ukusha kwenhliziyo okukhulu noma ubunzima bokugwinya
• Ubuhlungu obusha noma obuqhubekayo esifubeni
• Imisipha emikhulu, amathambo, noma ubuhlungu obuhlangene obuhlukile ekungakhulumeni kwakho okuvamile

Ngokuvamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuhlukana okungavamile kwethambo lethanga ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphuka okungavamile ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngokuphazamiseka okuncane futhi kungase kubekwe ubuhlungu bethanga amasonto noma izinyanga.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Alendronate?

I-Alendronate ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezempilo zikwenza kungaphephile noma kungasebenzi kahle. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-alendronate uma unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo ezenza umuthi ube yingozi:

• Izinkinga nge-esophagus yakho, okuhlanganisa ukuncipha noma ubunzima bokugwinya
• Ukungakwazi ukuhlala noma ukuma uqonde okungenani imizuzu engama-30
• Amazinga e-calcium aphansi kakhulu egazini (i-hypocalcemia)
• Isifo esibi sezinso
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-alendronate noma imithi efanayo

Izimo ezithile zezempilo zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe nokuqapha, nakuba kungadingeki ukuthi zikuvimbele ekuthathweni kwe-alendronate. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona uma unezinkinga zesisu, izinkinga zamazinyo, noma ukuntula i-vitamin D.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo akufanele basebenzise i-alendronate, ngoba ingalimaza ingane esakhula. Umuthi ungahlala emathanjeni iminyaka eminingi, ngakho-ke abesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa kufanele baxoxe ngesikhathi nodokotela wabo.

Amagama e-Brand e-Alendronate

I-Alendronate itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi e-brand, i-Fosamax iyona eyaziwa kakhulu. Inguqulo ejwayelekile iqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi isebenza ngempumelelo njengenguqulo yegama le-brand.

Amagama ajwayelekile e-brand afaka i-Fosamax, i-Fosamax Plus D (equkethe uvithamini D), kanye ne-Binosto (ithebhulethi e-effervescent encibilika emanzini). Ikhemisi lakho lingase libe nama-brand ahlukene, kodwa wonke aqukethe umuthi ofanayo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinguqulo ezivamile nezegama le-brand kuvame ukwehla ezindlekweni nasekuhlinzekweni komshuwalense. I-Alendronate ejwayelekile ivame ukuba ngentengo ephansi kakhulu futhi isebenza ngokufana nezinguqulo zegama le-brand.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Alendronate

Uma i-alendronate ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela emibi, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingasiza ekuqiniseni amathambo akho. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile nezimo zempilo.

Eminye imithi ye-bisphosphonate isebenza ngendlela efana ne-alendronate kodwa ingase ibe lula ukuyibekezelela:

• Risedronate (Actonel) - ithathwa masonto onke noma nyanga zonke
• Ibandronate (Boniva) - itholakala njengamaphilisi anyanga zonke noma imijovo yekota
• I-Zoledronic acid (Reclast) - inikezwa njenge-infusion yonyaka ye-intravenous

Ezinye izindlela ezingezona ze-bisphosphonate zifaka i-denosumab (Prolia), enikezwa njengomjovo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6, kanye ne-teriparatide (Forteo), eqinisweni ekhuthaza ukwakheka kwamathambo amasha kunokuvimbela ukulahleka kwamathambo.

Kwabanye abantu, ukwelashwa ngamaphilisi e-hormone, ama-selective estrogen receptor modulators, noma i-calcitonin kungase kube ezinye izindlela ezifanele. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike eminyakeni yakho, ubulili, ingozi yokuphuka, nezinye izici zempilo.

Ingabe i-Alendronate Ingcono Kune-Risedronate?

Kokubili i-alendronate ne-risedronate ziyimithi ye-bisphosphonate esebenza ngendlela efanayo ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwamathambo nokuwaqinisa. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi zilingana ngokuphumelela, zombili zinciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30-50%.

Umehluko omkhulu usezinhlelweni zokulinganisa nokuthi abantu bayayithatha kanjani imithi ngayinye. I-Alendronate ivame ukuthathwa kanye ngesonto, kuyilapho i-risedronate ingathathwa masonto onke noma njalo ngenyanga. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi enye kulula ukuyithatha kunenye mayelana nemiphumela emibi esiswini.

I-Risedronate ingase ibe mnene kancane esiswini kwabanye abantu, nakuba yomibili imithi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela esiswini esingenalutho ngamanzi amaningi. Ukukhetha kuvame ukuncika ekuphenduleni kwakho komuntu ngamunye kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho sempilo esithile, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nanoma yiziphi izinto osezike wazithola ngaphambilini nge-bisphosphonates lapho enquma phakathi kwalezi zinketho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Alendronate

Ingabe i-Alendronate Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zezinso?

I-Alendronate ingasetshenziswa ngokucophelela kubantu abanezinkinga zezinso ezincane, kodwa akunconywa kulabo abanezifo ezinzima zezinso. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ngaphambi kokubhala i-alendronate futhi angayiqapha ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Uma unezifo zezinso, udokotela wakho angase akhethe umuthi wamathambo ohlukile noma alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Abantu abanezifo zezinso ezinzima akufanele bathathe i-alendronate njengoba ingase yakheke emzimbeni futhi ibangele izinkinga.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngithatha I-Alendronate Engaphezu Kwemithi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha ngaphezu komthamo wakho obekiwe, ungangeni ekuvaleni, kodwa xhumana nodokotela wakho noma ukulawulwa ushevu ngokushesha. Ungazami ukuhlanza, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele umuthi ukuthi ucacise umphimbo wakho ne-esophagus ngendlela ebuyayo.

Phuza ubisi oluningi noma amanzi ukuze usize ukunciphisa umuthi esiswini sakho. Hlala uqonde futhi gwema ukulala phansi. Abantu abaningi abathatha ngengozi imithamo eyengeziwe ababi nazinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa isiqondiso sezokwelapha sibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngingaphuthelwa Umthamo We-Alendronate?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wamasonto onke futhi ukhumbula phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ulandela yonke imiyalelo ejwayelekile. Bese ubuyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile ngesonto elilandelayo.

Uma sekudlule izinsuku eziningana ngemuva komthamo wakho ophuthelwe, weqa ngokuphelele bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngosuku oluhleliwe. Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesonto elifanayo ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Alendronate?

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-alendronate ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Abantu abaningi bangathatha ngokuphepha amakhefu ahleliwe emuthini ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3 kuya kwengu-5 yokwelashwa, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuminyana kwamathambo akho kwamanje, ingozi yokuphuka, nempilo yonke ngaphambi kokuncoma ukuthi uqhubeke nokwelashwa, uthathe ikhefu, noma ushintshele emuthini ohlukile. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa isikhathi eside ngokuya ngezinto eziyingozi zabo.

Ngingayithatha I-Alendronate Neminye Imithi?

I-Alendronate ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo. Izithasiselo ze-calcium, ama-antacid, nezithasiselo zensimbi zingaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-alendronate uma kuthathwa kuseduze kakhulu.

Kufanele ulinde okungenani amahora angu-2 ngemuva kokuthatha i-alendronate ngaphambi kokuthatha i-calcium, ama-antacid, noma eminye imithi. Eminye imithi efana nama-antibiotics athile noma imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ingase yandise ingozi yokucasuka kwesisu uma ihlanganiswe ne-alendronate.