Yini i-Anakinra: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Anakinra iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho ngokuvimba iphrotheni ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-interleukin-1 (IL-1). Le phrotheni ngokuvamile isiza amasosha akho omzimba ukulwa nezifo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi iba namandla ngokweqile futhi ibangela ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu emalungeni akho nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Uthola i-anakinra njengesibhamu sansuku zonke ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, okufana nendlela abantu abanesifo sikashukela abazenzela ngayo imijovo ye-insulin. Umuthi usebenza ngokuthulisa amasosha akho omzimba asebenza ngokweqile, okungase kulethe ukukhululeka okukhulu ekuvuvukeni okungapheli nobuhlungu.

Yini i-Anakinra Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Anakinra ngokuyinhloko inikezwa i-rheumatoid arthritis, isimo lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela ngokungaqondile amalunga akho. Umuthi usiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu emalungeni, ukuvuvukala, nokuqina okungenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe yinselele.

Ngaphandle kwe-rheumatoid arthritis, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi banikeza i-anakinra ezinye izimo ezivuthayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izifo ezithile ezingavamile ze-autoinflammatory njenge-familial Mediterranean fever, isifo sika-Still, kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene zokushisa komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile lapho umzimba wakho uhlangabezana neziqephu zokuvuvukala okungachazeki.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele i-anakinra ekusetshenzisweni okungagunyaziwe ezimweni ezinjenge-gout flares ezingasabeli ekwelashweni kwendabuko, noma izimo ezithile zesikhumba ezibandakanya ukuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa kudinga ukuhlolwa okucophelelayo nokuqapha ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Anakinra?

I-Anakinra isebenza ngokuvimba i-interleukin-1, iphrotheni yomthunywa etshela amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi akhe ukuvuvukala. Cabanga nge-IL-1 njengesistimu ye-alamu ngezinye izikhathi ebanjwe endaweni ethi "ivuliwe", okubangela ukuvuvukala okungadingekile emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengokwelashwa okuqondiwe, okusho ukuthi ugxila engxenyeni eyodwa ethile yamasosha akho omzimba kunokucindezela yonke into. Lokhu kunemba kwenza kube mnene kunezinye izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba, nakuba kusadingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Imiphumela ngokuvamile iqala phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuncipha kobuhlungu bamalunga nokuvuvukala njengoba umuthi wakha ohlelweni lwabo futhi uqala ukulawula inqubo yokuvuvukala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Anakinra?

Uzoyinika i-anakinra ngokwakho njengomjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba, okusho ukuyijova esicutshini esinamanzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokufundisa indlela efanele, futhi abantu abaningi bakuthola kuba yinto ejwayelekile phakathi namaviki ambalwa.

Umthamo ovamile ungu-100 mg kanye ngosuku, ngokuvamile unikezwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ungayijova ethangeni lakho, esiswini, noma engalweni engenhla, ujikeleza phakathi kwezindawo ezihlukene ukuvimbela ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Umuthi uza ngamasirinji agcwaliswe ngaphambilini owagcina esiqandisini sakho.

Ungathatha i-anakinra ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, njengoba umjovo udlula ngqo ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Nokho, vumela umuthi ukuthi ufudumale ekamelweni lokushisa cishe imizuzu engu-15-30 ngaphambi kokujova ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki endaweni yokujova.

Ngaphambi komjovo ngamunye, geza izandla zakho kahle futhi uhlanze indawo yokujova ngeswabhili likabhiya. Ungalokothi unyakazise isirinji, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza umuthi. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinhlayiya noma ukushintsha kombala kusixazululo, ungawusebenzisi lowo mthamo bese uthintana nekhemisi lakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Anakinra?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-anakinra buhluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Ngokuqina kwamalunga, abantu abaningi bayayithatha iminyaka njengengxenye yohlelo lwabo lokuphatha isikhathi eside.

Udktela wakho ngokuvamile uzohlola impendulo yakho ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa. Uma i-anakinra isiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho ngaphandle kokubangela imiphumela engathandeki, ungaqhubeka nokuyithatha unomphela ukuze ugcine lezo zinzuzo.

Ezimweni ezithile ezingavamile zokuvuvukala, ubude bokwelashwa bungase bube bufushane futhi buqondiswe ekuqubukeni okuthile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzosebenza nawe ukunquma ubude obufanele bokwelashwa ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu ngamunye kanye nempendulo.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-anakinra ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Abanye abantu babhekana nokubuyela kwezimpawu lapho beyeka umuthi, ngakho-ke umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase afune ukunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho noma abe nohlelo lokuphatha noma yikuphi ukuqubuka okungenzeka.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Anakinra?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-anakinra ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile ithambile futhi iphathwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuqapha.

Umphumela ovame kakhulu ongase uwuthole yizimpendulo endaweni yokujova. Lokhu kungase kuzizwe kukhathaza ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuvamile kulawuleka:

• Ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulimala lapho ujova khona
• Ubuhlungu, ukuluma, noma ukusha endaweni yokujova
• Amaqhubu amancane noma amaqhubu ngokuvamile axazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa
• Ukuphathwa kwesikhumba okuthuthukayo ngokushintshanisa izindawo zokujova

Lezi zimpendulo endaweni yokujova zivame ukwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini. Ukusebenzisa indlela efanele yokujova nokushintshanisa izindawo kungasiza ekunciphiseni le miphumela.

Abanye abantu futhi bathola imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile njengoba umzimba wabo uzivumela emuthini:

• Ikhanda elincane, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kancane kunokujwayelekile
• Isicanucanu ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu
• Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane njengokugeleza kwamakhala noma umphimbo obuhlungu

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela i-anakinra, kodwa yazisa udokotela wakho uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Njengoba i-anakinra ithinta amasosha akho omzimba, udinga ukuqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka:

• Umkhuhlane, ama-chills, noma izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ezingathuthuki
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Izifo zesikhumba noma amanxeba angapholi kahle
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala ezindaweni zokujova

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, njengoba zingase zibonise ukutheleleka okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Qaphela izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi, futhi funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha uma lokhu kwenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha i-Anakinra?

I-Anakinra ayilungele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zenza kube yingozi ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-anakinra uma unokutheleleka okusebenzayo noma yikuphi emzimbeni wakho. Njengoba lo muthi ucindezela ingxenye yamasosha akho omzimba, ungenza ukutheleleka kube kubi kakhulu noma kuvimbele umzimba wakho ukuthi ungawalwi ngempumelelo.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma bangase bangakwazi ukusebenzisa i-anakinra ngokuphepha:

• Isifo sofuba esisebenzayo noma umlando wesifo sofuba esingelashwanga ngokugcwele
• Isifo sezinso esibi noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamanje noma kwakamuva
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-anakinra noma yiziphi izithako zayo
• Imithi yokugoma esaphila ehlelelwe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze

Udaktela wakho uzobheka nezinye izinto ezingase zithinte ikhono lakho lokusebenzisa i-anakinra ngokuphepha, njengobudala bakho, isimo sempilo yakho yonke, neminye imithi oyithathayo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba kukhona imininingwane elinganiselwe mayelana nokuphepha kwe-anakinra ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Udokotela wakho uzolinganisela izinzuzo ezingaba khona ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingenzeka kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Uma unomlando wokutheleleka okuphindaphindayo noma uhlelo lomzimba oluvikelekile olubuthaka olubangelwa ezinye izimbangela, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma akhethe indlela ehlukile yokwelapha.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Anakinra

I-Anakinra itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Kineret emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-United States. Leli yigama lomkhiqizo lokuqala lapho umuthi waqala ukugunyazwa futhi wathengiswa.

Njengamanje, i-Kineret iyigama eliyinhloko elitholakalayo, nakuba izinguqulo ezivamile zingase zitholakale kwezinye izifunda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umuthi uza njengesirinji esigcwaliswe ngaphambili equkethe i-100 mg ye-anakinra ngefomethi yomthamo owodwa.

Lapho nixoxa ngemithi yakho nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi, ungase ubazwe bekhuluma ngayo nganoma yiliphi igama - anakinra noma Kineret - futhi bakhuluma ngomuthi ofanayo.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Anakinra

Uma i-anakinra ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engemihle, eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha izimo ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele lezi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile nomlando wezokwelapha.

Eminye imithi ye-biologic eqondise izingxenye ezihlukene zohlelo lomzimba oluvikelekile ihlanganisa i-adalimumab (Humira), i-etanercept (Enbrel), kanye ne-infliximab (Remicade). Lezi zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-anakinra kodwa zingasebenza ngempumelelo ku-rheumatoid arthritis nezinye izimo zokuvuvukala.

Ezifo ezithile ezingavamile zokuvuvukala, udokotela wakho angase acabange ngeminye imithi evimbela i-IL-1 efana ne-canakinumab (Ilaris) noma i-rilonacept (Arcalyst). Le mithi isebenza ngendlela efana ne-anakinra kodwa inikezwa kaningi.

Imithi yendabuko yokuguqula izifo ze-antirheumatic (DMARDs) efana ne-methotrexate noma i-sulfasalazine nayo ingaba yizinketho, kuye ngesimo sakho. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa ingalawula ngempumelelo ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwamalunga.

Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike esimweni sakho esithile, ukuthi usabele kanjani ku-anakinra, kanye nezimo zakho zezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inketho yokwelapha efanele kakhulu.

Ingabe i-Anakinra Ingcono Kune-Methotrexate?

I-Anakinra ne-methotrexate zisebenza ngendlela ehluke kakhulu, ngakho ukuqhathanisa ngokuqondile akulula. Yomibili le mithi ingasebenza ngempumelelo ku-rheumatoid arthritis, kodwa iqondise izingxenye ezihlukene zenqubo yokuvuvukala.

I-Methotrexate ivame ukubhekwa njengokwelashwa okuyigolide komugqa wokuqala we-rheumatoid arthritis ngoba iyasebenza, intengo yayo iphansi, futhi ineminyaka yokuphepha. Ivamise ukuzanywa ngaphambi kwama-biologics afana ne-anakinra.

I-Anakinra ingase ibhekwe njengcono kubantu abangasabeli kahle ku-methotrexate noma abangakwazi ukubekezelela imiphumela yayo emibi. Abanye abantu futhi basebenzisa yomibili le mithi ndawonye ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo, njengoba ingagcwalisana nemiphumela yomunye nomunye.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu besifo sakho, izimpendulo zokwelashwa zangaphambilini, ezinye izimo zempilo, kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu mayelana nemvamisa yokujova nezidingo zokuqapha.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela zonke lezi zinto lapho encoma ukuthi ngabe uzama i-methotrexate kuqala, uqale nge-anakinra, noma uzisebenzise ngokuhlanganiswa ukuze kulawulwe isifo esihle kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Anakinra

Ingabe i-Anakinra iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

I-Anakinra ngokuvamile ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa idinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Umuthi awuthinti ngqo amazinga kashukela egazini, kodwa izifo zingaba zimbi kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.

Njengoba i-anakinra icindezela ingxenye yamasosha akho omzimba, uzodinga ukuqapha izimpawu zokutheleleka ngokucophelela uma unesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izimo zilawulwa kahle.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, qiniseka ukuthi ugcina ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela egazini ngenkathi uthatha i-anakinra, ngoba lokhu kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ulwe nezifo ezingaba khona ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa Ngengozi I-Anakinra Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi ujova i-anakinra eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngokushesha ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Ngenkathi ukweqisa okukodwa akuvamile ukuba yingozi, kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi kanye nezifo.

Ungazami ukukhokhela ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo noma uthathe imithi encane. Kunalokho, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokuqhubeka neshejuli yakho yokulinganisa evamile.

Uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu ngemva kokweqisa, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Anakinra?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-anakinra, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho evamile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza lokukhumbuza imithi.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akuyingozi, kodwa zama ukugcina ukuqina ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo eminingana ilandelana, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko sokuthi ungaluqala kanjani kabusha ukwelashwa kwakho ngokuphepha.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Anakinra?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-anakinra ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono kakhulu. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubuyeni kwezimpawu zakho, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi ukuqubuka.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola isimo sakho njalo futhi angase asikisele ukuyeka i-anakinra uma isifo sakho besizinzile isikhathi eside noma uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile edlula izinzuzo.

Uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuyeka i-anakinra, bangase banciphise kancane kancane umthamo wakho noma babe nohlelo olulungele ukuphatha noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibuyayo ngemva kokuyeka.

Ngingahamba yini ngenkathi ngithatha i-Anakinra?

Yebo, ungahamba ngenkathi uthatha i-anakinra, kodwa kudinga ukuhlela okuthile. Njengoba umuthi udinga ukuqandiswa, uzodinga ukuhlela ukugcinwa okufanele ngesikhathi sohambo lwakho usebenzisa i-cooler noma isikhwama esivaliwe esinamaphakethe eqhwa.

Letha imithi eyengeziwe uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka kohambo, futhi uphethe incwadi evela kudokotela wakho echaza isidingo sakho somuthi nezinto zokujova. Lokhu kungasiza ekuhlolweni kwezokuphepha ezikhumulweni zezindiza.

Uma uhamba uya ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu bokutheleleka, xoxa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kohambo lwakho. Bangase bancomise imigomo eyengeziwe noma izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuze uhlale unempilo ngenkathi amasosha akho omzimba ecindezelwe kancane.