Yini i-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

Ama-ejenti e-long-acting cholinergic antiglaucoma ayizithako zamehlo ezikhethekile ezisiza ukwehlisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho ukuze kulashwe i-glaucoma. Le mithi isebenza ngokusiza ukukhipha uketshezi emehlweni akho kalula, okuyilokho okuvikela umbono wakho ekulimaleni okubangelwa ingcindezi ephezulu yamehlo.

Uma utholakale une-glaucoma noma ingcindezi ephezulu yamehlo, udokotela wakho angase akubhalele enye yale mithi njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zithako zamehlo zisebenza kanjani kungakusiza uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngokuphatha impilo yamehlo akho.

Yini i-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

I-long-acting cholinergic antiglaucoma agent wuhlobo lomuthi wamehlo olunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngokuthuthukisa ukukhipha uketshezi. Ingxenye ethi "cholinergic" isho ukuthi isebenza ngokwenza kusebenze izinzwa ezithile emehlweni akho, kuyilapho "long-acting" isho ukuthi imiphumela yayo ihlala isikhathi eside kunezithako zamehlo ezivamile.

Le mithi ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-miotics, okwenza umfundi wakho omncane futhi asize ukuvula izindlela zokukhipha uketshezi emehlweni akho. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokukhipha uketshezi kusiza ekuvikeleni ukwakheka koketshezi okungalimaza imithambo yakho yamehlo futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa umbono.

I-ejenti evame kakhulu ye-long-acting cholinergic yi-echothiophate iodide, nakuba lo muthi usetshenziswa kancane namuhla uma uqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma okusha. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzonquma ukuthi lolu hlobo lomuthi lungakufanela yini isimo sakho esithile.

Yini i-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent esetshenziselwa yona?

Lezi zithako zamehlo zisebenza ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni i-glaucoma, isimo lapho ingcindezi ephezulu ngaphakathi kweso lakho ingalimaza imithambo yakho yamehlo futhi iholele ekulahlekelweni umbono. Ziphinde zibhalelwe abantu abane-ocular hypertension, okusho ukuthi unengcindezi yamehlo ephezulu kunokujwayelekile kodwa abakakuthuthukisi i-glaucoma okwamanje.

Udktela wakho angase ancome lo muthi uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-glaucoma zingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele ukulawula ingcindezi yamehlo akho. Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela neminye imithi ye-glaucoma ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawulwa okungcono kwengcindezi.

Kwezinye izimo, lawa mathonsi angase abhalwe nge-accommodative esotropia, uhlobo lwamehlo aqhathanisayo olwenzeka ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvamile futhi kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ngongoti wamehlo wezingane.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Lo muthi usebenza ngokulingisa ikhemikhali yemvelo emzimbeni wakho ebizwa nge-acetylcholine, esiza ukulawula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene esweni lakho. Uma ufaka amathonsi esweni lakho, abopha kuma-receptors akhethekile alawula imisipha ezungeze uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi esweni lakho.

Umuthi ubangela ukuthi umfundi wakho anciphe futhi ushintshe ukuma kwelensi esweni lakho. Okubaluleke kakhulu, uvula iziteshi zokukhipha amanzi ezibizwa nge-trabecular meshwork, okuvumela uketshezi ukuthi luphume esweni lakho kalula.

Njengomuthi osebenza isikhathi eside, imiphumela yawo ingahlala izinsuku noma amasonto ngemuva komthamo owodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kudingeke usebenzise amathonsi njalo njengeminye imithi ye-glaucoma, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi imiphumela ithatha isikhathi eside ukuthi iphele uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Ngokuvamile uzosebenzisa lawa mathonsi esweni kanye noma kabili ngosuku, noma njengoba kuqondiswe udktela wakho wamehlo. Isheduli yokulinganisa eqondile incike emuthini wakho othile nokuthi ingcindezi yamehlo akho isabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amathonsi, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi. Thambisa ikhanda lakho kancane futhi udonse phansi isihlobo sakho esiphansi ukuze udale iphokhethi elincane. Cindezela ithonsi elilodwa kuleli phokhethi, uqaphele ukuthi ungathinti ithiphu lebhodlela esweni lakho noma isihlobo sakho.

Ngemva kokufaka amaconsi, vala iso lakho ngobumnene bese ucindezela ekhoneni elingaphakathi kweso lakho eduze nekhala lakho imizuzu emibili. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni umuthi ukuthi ungangeni emgodini wakho wezinyembezi futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi.

Akudingeki ukuthi uthathe lawa maconsi ngokudla noma ugweme ukudla ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa, ngoba afakwa ngqo esweni lakho. Nokho, kuyasiza ukuwasebenzisa ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kulondolozwe ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yeso okuqhubekayo.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Abantu abaningi abaneglaucoma badinga ukusebenzisa imithi yokwehlisa ingcindezi yeso impilo yabo yonke ukuze bavimbele ukulahlekelwa umbono. I-Glaucoma ngokuvamile isimo esingamahlalakhona esidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi yeso emazingeni aphephile.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzohlola ingcindezi yeso lakho njalo futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye abantu bangase bashintshele emithini ehlukene uma ukwelashwa kwabo kwamanje kuyeka ukusebenza ngempumelelo noma uma behlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebakhathazayo.

Ungayeki ukusebenzisa umuthi wakho we-glaucoma ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo kuqala, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ingcindezi yeso ephezulu ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu kuze kube yilapho sekwenzeke umonakalo omkhulu embonweni, ngakho ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuvikeleni umbono wakho.

Yini Imiphumela Emiqoka Ye-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Njengayo yonke imithi, amaconsi eso e-cholinergic esebenza isikhathi eside angabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi ulawule noma yiziphi izinkinga eziphakamayo futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyibone ihlanganisa umbono ongacacile, ikakhulukazi uma ubuka izinto ezikude, nobunzima bokubona ekukhanyeni okuncane. Le miphumela yenzeka ngoba umuthi wenza ukuthi umfundi wakho omncane futhi kungase kube nzima ukuthi iso lakho ligxile kahle.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile abantu abahlangabezana nayo:

• Ukubona okungacacile, ikakhulukazi ekubukeni okude
• Ukuhluleka ukubona ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi
• Ubuhlungu emehlweni noma ubuhlungu ngasezweni
• Ukuqaqamba kwekhanda, ikakhulukazi ngasezinkophe
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwelid
• Ukukhalisa ngokweqile noma amehlo amanzi

Iningi lalezi zinkinga ezincane futhi lingathuthuka njengoba amehlo akho ejwayela imithi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izinguquko zokubona ziyacasula ngokwanele kangangokuthi badinga ukushintshela ekwelashweni okuhlukile kwe-glaucoma.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwama-cataracts, angahle abangele ukuthi ukubona kwakho kube mnyama, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal, isimo esibucayi lapho i-retina idonswa ngemuva kweso lakho.

Nawa amanye amaphutha angavamile kodwa abucayi okufanele uwaqaphele:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni obungathuthuki
• Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphazima kweso noma izinguquko ezinkulu zokubona
• Ukubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo noma amabala antantayo
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza kanye nezimpawu zamehlo
• Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile njengokuqubuka noma ukuvuvukala

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zinkinga ezinkulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezinkinga kungasiza ekuvikeleni izinkinga zokubona ezingapheli.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo e-cholinergic esikhathi eside ngoba angase abangele izinkinga ezinkulu noma enze izimo zempilo ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubhala lo muthi.

Akufanele usebenzise lawa maconsi uma unezimo ezithile zamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma unokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso lakho noma uma uhlanzwe emehlweni muva nje. Umuthi ungenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi noma uphazamise ukuphulukiswa.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukusebenzisa la macwecwe ngokuqapha okukhulu noma bawagweme ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokukuchazela lo muthi uma unesinye salezi zimo.

Nazi izimo ezingakuvimbela ukuthi usebenzise lo muthi:

• Ukuvuvukala kweso elisebenzayo noma ukutheleleka
• Ukuhlinzwa kweso lwakamuva noma ukulimala
• Izinhlobo ezithile ze-glaucoma, ikakhulukazi i-angle-closure glaucoma
• Isifuba esibi kakhulu noma izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo
• Isifo se-Peptic ulcer
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• I-thyroid engasebenzi kahle

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. Ngenkathi le mithi isetshenziswa esweni, amanani amancane angangena egazini lakho futhi angase athinte ingane yakho.

Njalo tshela udokotela wakho wamehlo ngayo yonke imithi nezithasiselo ozithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingasebenzisana namaconsi wamehlo e-cholinergic. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo zemithi yezitshalo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Wama-Agent e-Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Ahlala Isikhathi Eside

Igama lomkhiqizo elaziwa kakhulu lama-agent e-cholinergic antiglaucoma ahlala isikhathi eside yi-Phospholine Iodide, equkethe isithako esisebenzayo i-echothiophate iodide. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi awuvamile ukuchazwa namuhla ngenxa yokutholakala kwezindlela zokwelapha i-glaucoma ezintsha, ezilula.

Ezinye izinto ze-cholinergic ezake zatholakala zihlanganisa i-demecarium bromide ne-isoflurophate, kodwa lezi azisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni i-glaucoma yesimanje. Udokotela wakho wamehlo kungenzeka ukuthi uzokuchazela izinhlobo ezintsha zemithi ye-glaucoma enezinkinga ezimbalwa.

Uma udokotela wakho ekuchazela i-agent ye-cholinergic, bazochaza ukuthi kungani lo muthi othile uyindlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile. Ngezinye izikhathi le mithi endala iseyindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile ze-glaucoma.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha I-Antiglaucoma Cholinergic Ehlala Isikhathi Eside

Ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma kwanamuhla kunikeza ezinye izindlela eziningi zokwelapha i-cholinergic ehlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile ezinemiphumela emincane futhi ezinamashejuli okulula ukuwasebenzisa. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokusiza ukuthi uthole inketho yokwelapha engcono kakhulu yezidingo zakho ezithile.

Ama-analog we-prostaglandin njengamanje ayindlela yokwelapha yomugqa wokuqala evame ukunqunywa kakhulu nge-glaucoma. Le mithi, efana ne-latanoprost ne-travoprost, ivamise ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku kusihlwa futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu ekwehliseni ingcindezi yamehlo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zihlanganisa ama-beta-blockers afana ne-timolol, angasetshenziswa kabili ngosuku, nama-alpha-agonists afana ne-brimonidine. Ama-inhibitors e-carbonic anhydrase, atholakala njengamaconsi amehlo kanye nemithi yomlomo, anikeza enye inketho yokulawula ingcindezi.

Kubantu abadinga imithi eminingi, amaconsi amehlo ahlanganisiwe ayatholakala aqukethe imithi emibili ehlukene ye-glaucoma ebhodleleni elilodwa. Lokhu kungenza inqubo yakho yokwelapha ibe lula futhi ithuthukise ikhono lakho lokunamathela esimisweni sakho semithi.

Ingabe I-Antiglaucoma Cholinergic Ehlala Isikhathi Eside Ingcono Kune-Prostaglandin Analogs?

Ama-analog we-prostaglandin ngokuvamile athathwa njengasebenza kahle futhi elula kunama-ejenti e-cholinergic ahlala isikhathi eside kubantu abaningi abane-glaucoma. Ngokuvamile awehlisa ingcindezi yamehlo ngokuqhubekayo futhi anezinkinga ezimbalwa ezicasulayo.

Inzuzo enkulu yama-analog we-prostaglandin yishejuli yawo yokulinganisa kanye ngosuku kanye neqiniso lokuthi awabangeli izinkinga zombono ezenziwa ama-ejenti e-cholinergic kaningi. Abantu abaningi bangaqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke ngaphandle kombono ongacacile nokuzwela ekukhanyeni okungabangelwa ngamaconsi e-cholinergic.

Noma kunjalo, izidakamizwa ze-cholinergic zingase zibe yindlela engcono ezimweni ezithile, njengalapho eminye imithi ingasebenzi noma lapho unezinhlobo ezithile ze-glaucoma. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzocabangela izimo zakho ngazinye lapho ekhetha ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Isinqumo phakathi kwale mithi kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lwe-glaucoma, izidingo zakho zokuphila, nokuthi uzithwala kahle kangakanani imiphumela emibi ehlukene.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomuthi Wokulwa ne-Glaucoma Osebenza Isikhathi Eside we-Cholinergic

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe Umuthi Wokulwa ne-Glaucoma Osebenza Isikhathi Eside we-Cholinergic Uphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela ngokuvamile bangasebenzisa amaconsi wamehlo e-cholinergic asebenza isikhathi eside ngokuphepha, kodwa udokotela wakho wamehlo uzodinga ukukuqapha eduze. Isifo sikashukela singawathinta amehlo akho ngezindlela eziningi, futhi ukwengeza imithi ye-glaucoma kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ukuthi ukwelashwa okuhlukene kungase kusebenzisane kanjani.

Okukhathaza kakhulu abantu abanesifo sikashukela ukuthi izidakamizwa ze-cholinergic ngezinye izikhathi zingafihla izimpawu zezigameko zikashukela ophansi. Uma uhlangabezana nombono ongacacile ngenkathi usebenzisa lawa maconsi, kungase kube nzima ukutshela ukuthi kuvela emuthini noma ezingeni likashukela elishintshayo.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzosebenza nethimba lakho lokunakekela isifo sikashukela ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho i-glaucoma akungeni endleleni yokuphathwa kwakho isifo sikashukela. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi we-glaucoma.

Umbuzo 2. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa Ngengozi Umuthi Wokulwa ne-Glaucoma Osebenza Isikhathi Eside we-Cholinergic Okuningi?

Uma ngengozi ufaka amaconsi amaningi emehlweni akho, geza iso lakho ngokushesha ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma isixazululo se-saline. Njengoba lezi ziyimithi esebenza isikhathi eside, ukusebenzisa okuningi kungabangela imiphumela emibi ende engase ihlale izinsuku.

Qaphela izimpawu zokweqisa umthamo, ezingase zihlanganise ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni, ukukhalela ngokweqile, umbono ongacacile kakhulu, noma isicanucanu. Uma uba nalezi zimpawu noma uzizwa ungaphilile ngemva kokusebenzisa imithi eningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo noma funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ingathinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho uma imuncwa, ukweqisa umthamo kungase kubangele izimpawu ezinjengokujuluka, ukuqaqamba kwesisu, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Ungalindi ukufuna usizo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Q3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Uma uqaqa umthamo, uwusebenzise ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo oqashiwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uphinde umthamo ukuze ulungise lowo oqashiwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle. Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi isebenza isikhathi eside, ukuqaqa umthamo owodwa akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele izinkinga ngaphezu kwemithi esebenza isikhathi esifushane.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha i-alamu yefoni noma ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokukhumbuza amaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale ohlelweni. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekulawuleni kahle umfutho wamehlo.

Q4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Long-Acting Cholinergic Antiglaucoma Agent?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha imithi ye-glaucoma ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqondile kukadokotela wakho wamehlo. I-Glaucoma ngokuvamile yisimo esihlala impilo yonke esidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Udokotela wakho angase akushintshele emithini ehlukile uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle ekhathazayo noma uma ukwelashwa kwakho kwamanje kungalawuli kahle umfutho wamehlo akho. Nokho, ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngokuphelele akuvamile ukuthi kunconywe.

Uma ucabangela ukuyeka imithi yakho ngenxa yemiphumela engemihle noma ezinye izinkathazo, xoxa ngalezi zinkinga nodokotela wakho wamehlo. Bavame ukukwazi ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma baphakamise ezinye izindlela ezingase zikusebenzele kangcono.

Q5. Ngingashayela Ngesikhathi Ngisebenzisa Umuthi Wokulwa Ne-Glaucoma Osebenza Isikhathi Eside?

Ukushayela ngenkathi usebenzisa le mithi kungaba yinselelo ngenxa yezinguquko embonweni eziwadalayo. Amaconsi enza abafundi bakho banciphe futhi angabangela umbono ongacacile, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezikude, okungathinta ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uzoba nobunzima obukhulu ekushayeleni ebusuku noma ezimweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi, njengoba abafundi bakho ngeke bandise kahle ukuze bangene ekukhanyeni okwengeziwe. Abanye abantu futhi bakuthola kunzima ukwahlulela amabanga ngokunembile ngenkathi besebenzisa le mithi.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nezinkathazo zakho zokushayela, futhi ucabangele ukuthi omunye umuntu akuqhubele, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa ngenkathi amehlo akho ezijwayela umuthi. Ukuphepha kwakho nokuphepha kwabanye emgwaqweni kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kube yinto eza kuqala.