Yini Inhlanganisela ye-Antihistamine-Decongestant-Anticholinergic? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa Kwasekhaya

Imithi ehlanganisa i-antihistamine-decongestant-anticholinergic iyimithi ehlanganisa izithako eziningi ebandayo kanye nokungezwani komzimba okubhekana nezimpawu eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Le mithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zezithako ezisebenzayo ukukusiza ukuthi uphefumule kalula, unciphise ukuthimula, futhi womise amakhala agobhozayo uma ubhekene nokungezwani komzimba noma izimpawu zomkhuhlane.

Cabanga ngale mithi njengendlela yokwelapha yokuphefumula kathathu-ngakunye. I-antihistamine ivimba ukusabela komzimba okungajwayelekile, i-decongestant ivula izindima zakho zamakhala, futhi ingxenye ye-anticholinergic isiza ukumisa amafinyila amaningi kanye namathe.

Yini Inhlanganisela ye-Antihistamine-Decongestant-Anticholinergic?

Lolu hlobo lomuthi luhlanganisa amakilasi amathathu ahlukene emithi epilini elilodwa noma ifomula ewuketshezi. Ingxenye ngayinye iqondisa isici esithile sezimpawu zomkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba ukuze kunikezwe ukukhululeka okuphelele.

Ingxenye ye-antihistamine (njenge-chlorpheniramine noma i-diphenhydramine) ivimba ama-histamine receptors emzimbeni wakho. I-Histamine iyikhemikhali esetshenziswa amasosha omzimba wakho ngesikhathi sokusabela komzimba okungajwayelekile, okubangela izimpawu ezinjengokuthimula, ukuluma, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo.

Ingxenye ye-decongestant (ngokuvamile i-phenylephrine noma i-pseudoephedrine) isebenza ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi ezindimeni zakho zamakhala. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kukusize ukuthi uphefumule kalula ngamakhala akho.

Isithako se-anticholinergic (ngokuvamile i-atropine noma izithako ze-scopolamine) sivimba izimpawu ezithile zemizwa. Lesi senzo sisiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila, amathe, nezinye izithako zomzimba ezinomthelela ekuminyanisweni nasekhala eligobhozayo.

Kuzizwa Kanjani Ukuthatha Le Nhlanganisela?

Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukukhululeka ezimpawini eziningi phakathi nemizuzu engama-30 kuya ehora elilodwa ngemva kokuthatha le mithi. Cishe uzozwa ikhala lakho elivaliwe livuleka njengoba ukuphefumula kuba lula.

Isithako se-antihistamine sivame ukubangela ukozela, ngakho-ke ungase uzizwe ulele noma uphumule. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi yingakho abantu abaningi bekhetha ukuthatha le mithi ngaphambi kokulala.

Umlomo wakho ungase uzizwe womile ngenxa yemiphumela ye-anticholinergic. Abanye abantu futhi bahlangabezana nesiyezi esincane noma bazizwe “benenkungu” engqondweni, ikakhulukazi lapho beqala ukuthatha umuthi.

I-decongestant ngezinye izikhathi ingakwenza uzizwe uthanda ukuthuthumela noma uqaphele, okungase kuphikisane nokozela okuvela ku-antihistamine. Lokhu kulinganisela kuyahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Yini Ebanga Isidingo Salolu Hlanganisela?

Le mithi iba yimfuneko uma ubhekene nezimpawu zokuphefumula eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile zesizini, izinto ezicasulayo zemvelo, kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Nawa amazwi amakhulu abangela ukuthi abantu basebenzise le mithi ehlanganisiwe:

• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile zesizini (umkhuhlane wotshani) ovela ku-pollen, utshani, noma izinto ezithile ezitholakala emthini
• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile eziqhubekayo ezivela emithini, izinwele zezilwane ezifuywayo, noma isikhunta
• Amagciwane omkhuhlane ovamile abangela ukuminyana nokukhala kwamakhala
• Izifo ze-sinus ezinzima ezinzima
• Izinto ezicasulayo zemvelo njengentuthu, amakha aqinile, noma intuthu yamakhemikhali
• Ushintsho lwesimo sezulu olubangela ukucindezela kwe-sinus nokuminyana

Ukusabela komzimba wakho ekungeneleleni kwalezi zinto kubangela isiphepho esiphelele sezimpawu ukuthi imithi enezithako ezilodwa ingase ingakwazi ukuyixazulula ngokugcwele. Yilapho ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kuba usizo.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezisetshenziselwa Lezi Zinhlanganisela?

Le mithi enezithako eziningi iphatha izimo eziningana ezigqagqanayo ezibangela izimpawu zokuphefumula ezifanayo. Indlela yokuhlanganisa isebenza kahle uma izimpawu zihlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba.

Izimo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa i-allergic rhinitis (umkhuhlane wotshani), ethinta izigidi zabantu ngesizini noma unyaka wonke. Le nhlanganisela isiza ngokuthimula, ukuminyana, nokukhwehlela okuchaza lesi simo.

Ukutheleleka okuphezulu kwemigudu yokuphefumula njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile nakho kuyazuza kulolu hlelo. Ngenkathi ama-antibiotics engeke asize izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukuphathwa kwezimpawu kubalulekile ukuze kube lula nokululama.

I-Sinusitis, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyisifo esibukhali noma esingapheli, ngokuvamile idinga ukukhululeka kwezimpawu eziningi. Le nhlanganisela ibhekana nokucindezela, ukuminyana, nezinkinga zokukhipha amanzi ezenza izinkinga ze-sinus zingakhululeki kangako.

Izimo ezingavamile zihlanganisa i-vasomotor rhinitis (ikhaleni eligijima elingahlobene nokungezwani komzimba) nezinhlobo ezithile zokugula kokunyakaza lapho izimpawu eziningi zenzeka ndawonye.

Zinganyamalala Zodwa Lezi Zimpawu?

Eziningi zezimpawu lezi zinhlanganisela eziphatha zizoxazululwa ngokwemvelo, ikakhulukazi uma zibangelwa izinto ezibangela okwesikhashana njengomkhuhlane noma ukuchayeka okwesikhashana kuma-allergen. Uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela ngokuvamile lususa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10.

Ukungezwani komzimba okwesizini kuvame ukuthuthuka uma isizini ye-pollen ebangelayo iphela. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ungezwa ungajabuleki amasonto noma izinyanga ngenkathi ulinde ukuxazululwa kwemvelo.

Ukungezwani komzimba kwemvelo kungase kuqhubeke uma nje uchayeka kulokho okubangela. Ukusuka emthonjeni we-allergen ngokuvamile kunikeza ukukhululeka, kodwa lokho akuhlali kulula.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziba ezingapheli ngaphandle kokuphathwa okufanele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinjenge-perennial allergic rhinitis noma i-sinusitis engapheli.

Zingelashwa Kanjani Ekhaya Lezi Zimpawu?

Amakhambi amaningi asekhaya angagcwalisa noma ngezinye izikhathi athathe indawo yemithi ehlanganisiwe, kuye ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho. Ushintsho olulula lwendlela yokuphila ngokuvamile lunikeza ukukhululeka okumangalisayo.

Nawa amasu okuphatha asekhaya asebenzayo ongawazama:

• Sebenzisa i-humidifier ukwengeza umswakama emoyeni womile wangaphakathi
• Zama ukugeza ngamanzi anosawoti ukuze ugeze ama-allergen kanye nolwelwesi
• Sebenzisa ama-compresses afudumele ebusweni bakho ukuze ukhulule ingcindezi ye-sinus
• Hlala unamanzi amaningi ukuze usize ukunciphisa uketshezi
• Susa imithombo ye-allergen efana nothuli, izinwele zezilwane, noma isikhunta endaweni okuyo
• Lala nekhanda lakho liphakeme ukuze uthuthukise ukukhipha amanzi
• Sebenzisa izihlanzi zomoya ezinama-HEPA filters ekamelweni lakho lokulala

Lezi zindlela zemvelo zisebenza kahle kakhulu ezimpawini ezilula kuya kweziphakathi. Ziyizindlela zokwelapha eziphelele ezinhle uma usebenzisa imithi.

Yini Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha Kulezi Zimo?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuncike ekutheni izimpawu zakho zibukhali (zesikhashana) noma ezingapheli (ezihlala isikhathi eside). Udokotela wakho uzocabangela imbangela eyisisekelo nobukhulu lapho encoma imithi ethile.

Ngezimpawu eziphuthumayo, imithi ehlanganisiwe engathengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela ivame ukunikeza ukukhululeka okwanele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo equkethe i-chlorpheniramine, i-phenylephrine, kanye nezingxenye ze-anticholinergic.

Izinketho zokubhala imithi zidingeka ezimpawini ezinzima noma eziqhubekayo. Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele ama-antihistamine aqinile, ama-decongestant kadokotela, noma ama-corticosteroids ekhala.

Abanye abantu bayazuza emithini yokungezwani komzimba (i-immunotherapy) ukuze kulawulwe isikhathi eside sokungezwani komzimba nemvelo. Lokhu kwelashwa kancane kancane kwenza amasosha omzimba akho angazizwa ngendlela efanele kuma-allergen athile.

Ezimweni ezingavamile ze-sinusitis engapheli, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa okufana ne-balloon sinuplasty noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-sinus ye-endoscopic kungase kunconywe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhipha amanzi futhi kunciphise izifo eziphindaphindayo.

Kufanele Ngibone Nini Udokotela?

Izimpawu eziningi zomkhuhlane nokungezwani komzimba zingalawulwa ngokuphephile ekhaya ngemithi engathengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezithile zokuxwayisa zibonisa ukuthi udinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuchwepheshile.

Funana usizo lwezokwelapha uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi nakakhulu ngaphandle kokwelashwa noma zihlala isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane kufanele zithuthuke phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10, kanti izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okwelashwayo kufanele ziphendule emithini phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Nazi izimo ezithile ezidinga ukuvakashelwa kukadokotela:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101.5°F (38.6°C) oqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-3
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu noma ubuhlungu ebusweni obungathuthuki ngamaphilisi obuhlungu angathengwa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela
• Ukuphuma emakhaleni okukhulu, okunombala (okuphuzi noma okuluhlaza) okuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhwehlela
• Izimpawu eziphazamisa kakhulu ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane njengomkhuhlane oqhubekayo nokukhipha emakhaleni okukhulu
• Ukungezwani komzimba emithini, okuhlanganisa ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma ungaqiniseki ngezimpawu zakho noma uma ukwelashwa okungathengwa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela kungakunikezi ukukhululeka okwanele.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Zokudinga Le Mithi?

Ezinye izici zikwenza ukuthi uthambekele ekuthuthukiseni izimo ezinezimpawu eziningi ezidinga imithi ehlanganisiwe. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza ukuthi uzilungiselele futhi mhlawumbe uvimbele izimpawu ezinzima.

Iminyaka idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezimpawu. Izingane kanye nabantu abadala bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezinzima zokuphefumula ngenxa yokuthuthukisa noma ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba.

Nazi izici eziyinhloko zengozi okufanele uziqaphele:

• Umlando womndeni wokungezwani komzimba noma isifuba
• Ukuphila ezindaweni ezinokubala okuphezulu kwe-pollen noma ukungcola komoya
• Ukuvezwa intuthu yesibili noma izinto ezicasulayo emsebenzini
• Isistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela ebuthakathaka ngenxa yokugula noma imithi
• Izimo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifuba noma isifo sokuvinjelwa komoya esingamahlalakhona (COPD)
• Ukuvezwa njalo kubantu abagulayo (abasebenzi bezempilo, othisha, abazali)
• Ukucindezeleka nemikhuba emibi yokulala ebuthakathisa ukusebenza komzimba wokuzivikela

Ngenkathi ungeke ukwazi ukulawula zonke izici eziyingozi, ukubhekana nalezo ezingashintshwa njengokuvezwa kwemvelo nemikhuba yokuphila kunganciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yakho yezimpawu nobukhulu.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingaba Khona Zalezi Zimo?

Izimpawu eziningi zomkhuhlane nokungezwani komzimba ziyaxazululwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga uma ziphathwa kahle. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezingelashwa noma ezinzima ngezinye izikhathi zingaholela ezinkingeni zesibili ezidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kwezokwelapha.

Izifo ze-sinus zimelela inkinga evame kakhulu yokuminyana kwamakhala okuhlala isikhathi eside. Lapho amafinyila engakwazi ukukhipha kahle, amagciwane anganda kuma-sinus avalekile, okubangela ubuhlungu, ukucindezela, nomkhuhlane.

Nawa amathuba okuthi kube nezinkinga okufanele uziqaphele:

• Izifo ze-sinus zamagciwane zesibili ezidinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• Izifo zendlebe ezivela emashubhu e-eustachian avalekile
• Ukuqubuka kwesifuba esibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba okungelashwanga
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuholela ekukhathaleni nasekunciphiseni ukusebenza komzimba wokuzivikela
• Ukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona okuvela ekuthontweni kwangemuva kwamakhala
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi evela ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kwama-decongestants
• Ukuvinjelwa okubuyayo okuvela ekusetshenzisweni okuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-spray yamakhala

Izinkinga eziningi zingavinjelwa ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuzinakekela okuhle. Ukungenelela ngokushesha lapho izimpawu ziqala kungakusiza ukuthi ugweme lezi zinkinga zesibili.

Ingabe Le Mithi Ilungele Noma Imbi Ezimweni Ezingafani?

Imithi ehlanganisa i-antihistamine-decongestant-anticholinergic isebenza kahle ezimweni ezithile kodwa ayifanele wonke umuntu. Ukuqonda ukuthi isiza nini nokuthi ingase idale izinkinga nini kuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile, okuphumelelayo.

Le mithi iphumelela ekwelapheni i-allergic rhinitis enezimpawu eziningi kanye nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ojwayelekile. Zisiza kakhulu uma ubhekene nokuminyana, amakhala agobhozayo, nokuthimula ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Nokho, azilungele wonke umuntu. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezempilo kufanele bagweme lezi zinhlanganisela noma bazisebenzise ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha kuphela.

Izimo lapho le mithi ilusizo zihlanganisa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile zonyaka, i-perennial allergic rhinitis, izimpawu zomkhuhlane ojwayelekile, nokuminyana okuncane kwama-sinus. Zisebenza kangcono ekuphathweni kwezimpawu kunokwelapha izimbangela eziyisisekelo.

Izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuqapha zihlanganisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo senhliziyo, i-glaucoma, i-prostate enwetshiwe, nobunzima bokuchama. Inhlanganisela yezithako ezisebenzayo ingase iqhubekisele phambili lezi zimo noma ihlangane neminye imithi.

Yini Lezi Zimpawu Ezingase Ziphuthelwe?

Izimpawu ezilashwa yimithi ehlanganisiwe ngezinye izikhathi zingalingisa ezinye izimo, okuholela ekudidekeni mayelana nokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuqonda lezi zimo ezifana nokubukeka kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubhekana nenkinga efanele.

Ukutheleleka okuphezulu kwemigudu yokuphefumula ngegciwane kuvame ukuzizwa kufana nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile zonyaka. Kokubili kubangela amakhala agobhozayo, ukuminyana, nokuthimula, kodwa isikhathi kanye nezinto ezibangela ngokuvamile kuyasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo.

Ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya kuma-sinus kungase kuzenze sengathi ziyizimpawu zomkhuhlane ezinde. Nokho, ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya ngokuvamile kuhilela ukukhipha okukhulu, okunamabala emakhaleni futhi kungase kuhlanganise nomkhuhlane nobuhlungu ebusweni.

Nawa amazwi ajwayelekile adidaniswa nezimpawu zomkhuhlane nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile:

• I-COVID-19 noma ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (kungabandakanya ezinye izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bomzimba nomkhuhlane)
• I-sinusitis ebangelwa amagciwane (ivame ukubandakanya ubuhlungu ebusweni nokukhipha okukhulu, okunombala)
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi (ikakhulukazi evela emithini yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi)
• Ushintsho lwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuya esikhathini
• Ama-polyps emakhaleni noma ukungajwayeleki kwesakhiwo
• Izimpawu zakuqala zezimo ezingathi sína zokuphefumula

Uma ungabaza, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele. Bangakwazi ukusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimo ezingase zidinge izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukene.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana NokuHlanganiswa Kwe-Antihistamine-Decongestant-Anticholinergic

Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha le mithi isikhathi eside?

Imithi eminingi ehlanganisiwe yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-7-10 zezimpawu zomkhuhlane. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho, njengoba ezinye izakhi zingase zilahlekelwe ukusebenza noma zibangele imiphumela emibi ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside. Ezintweni ezingapheli zokungezwani komzimba, udokotela wakho angase ancome amasu ahlukene okuphatha isikhathi eside.

Kungani le mithi ingenza ngizizwe ngantambama?

Isakhi se-antihistamine, ikakhulukazi ama-antihistamine esizukulwane sokuqala njenge-chlorpheniramine noma i-diphenhydramine, ngokuvamile sibangela ukozela. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba le mithi ingangena ebuchosheni bakho futhi ithinte ukuqapha. Uma ukozela kuyinkinga, khuluma nomuthi wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela ezingenzi ngantambama.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha le mithi?

Kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lezi zinhlanganisela. Utshwala bungathuthukisa ukozela oluvela kuma-antihistamines futhi lungase lusebenzisane nezinye izakhi. Le nhlanganisela ingalimaza ukuxhumana kwakho nokwahlulela ngaphezu kwento eyodwa.

Ingabe le mithi iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukuvikeleka kokukhulelwa kuyahluka ngokuya ngezithako ezithile ezikule nhlanganisela. Ezinye izakhi zingase zivikeleke kunezinye ngesikhathi sama-trimester ahlukene. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imiphi imithi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngenkathi uncelisa.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngithatha ngengozi okuningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha okuningi kunesilinganiso esinconyiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokweqisa umthamo zingabandakanya ukozela okukhulu, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyavela yini - funa usizo ngokushesha.