Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-antihistamine, i-decongestant, ne-anticholinergic (indlela yokwela emlonyeni)

Allerx-D, Dallergy, Extendryl JR, Extendryl SR, Phenylephrine CM, Rescon ER, Stahist

NgoNovemba 2000, i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhiphe isixwayiso sempilo yeningi mayelana ne-phenylpropanolamine (PPA) ngenxa yengozi yokopha komchamo. I-FDA, esekelwe imiphumela yohlelo lokucwaninga, icelé abakhiqizi ukuthi bayeke ukuthengisa imikhiqizo ebanjwe yi-PPA ngokuzithandela nokuthi abathengi basebenzisane nabaphakeli bezempilo yabo ukuze bakhethe imikhiqizo ehlukile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-antihistamine, i-decongestant, ne-anticholinergic kuyasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukuminca kwempumulo (ukuminca kwempumulo) nokukhipha impumulo okubangelwa ukungezwani no/noma i-common cold. I-Antihistamines isebenza ngokuvimbela imiphumela yesigaxa esibizwa nge-histamine, esikhiqizwa umzimba. I-Histamine ingabangela ukukhahlela, ukuthimula, ukukhipha impumulo, kanye namehlo amanzi. I-antihistamine ekuhlanganiseni lokhu yi-chlorpheniramine. I-decongestants ekuhlanganiseni lokhu, i-phenylephrine, ne-pseudoephedrine zenza ukunciphisa kwezithelo zegazi. Lokhu kuholela ekuhlanjululweni kokuminca kwempumulo, kodwa kungabangela nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokucindezela kwegazi kubantu abanezinga lokucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu. I-Anticholinergics, njenge-atropine, i-hyoscyamine, i-methscopolamine, ne-scopolamine zingasiza ekukhiqizeni umphumela wokomisa empumlweni nasesifubeni. Ezinye zalezi zidakamizwa zitholakala ngaphandle kwesikripthi. Unganiki noma iyiphi imithi yomkhuhlane nempumulo engaphezu kwe-counter (OTC) kumntwana noma umntwana oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-4. Ukusebenzisa le miyekezo kubantwana abancinyane kakhulu kungabangela imiphumela emibi emibi noma eyingozi. Lo mkhiqizo utholakala ngezindlela zokulinganisa ezilandelayo:

Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nanoma yiluphi uhlobo oluqhelile noma oluhambisana nokuqabuka kwemithi kuleli qembu noma kwezinye imithi. Tshela futhi ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo uma unanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lokuqabuka, njengokudla imibala, izigcini, noma izilwane. Ngomkhiqizo ongenayo iresiphi, funda ilebula noma izithako zephakheji ngokucophelela. Abantwana abancinyane kakhulu bavame ukuba nomuzwa olukhulu kunabantu abadala ngemiphumela yale mithi. Ukuphuma komfutho wegazi, amaphupha noma ukuthakazelisa okungajwayelekile, ukukhathazeka, ukungakhululeki, noma ukucasuka kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantwana. Futhi, uma ama-anticholinergics enikezwa abantwana ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo, ukwanda okusheshayo kokushisa komzimba kungase kwenzeke, okungase kuholele ekushayweni kwelanga. Ezinganeni nasezinganeni, ikakhulukazi labo abane-spastic paralysis noma ukonakala kobuchopho, le mithi ingase ibe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Unganiki noma iyiphi imithi yokuhlanza umkhuhlane nefriji (OTC) kumntwana noma umntwana oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-4. Ukusebenzisa le mithi ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi emibi noma engase ibe yingozi yokuphila. Ukuphazamiseka noma ukulahleka kwemizamo, ukufika kwesisu okuthandekayo nobuhlungu, ukukhungatheka, ukulala, ukumomotheka komlomo, noma ukubamba (ukubamba) kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantu abadala, abavame ukuba nomuzwa olukhulu kunabantu abadala abancane ngemiphumela yale mithi. Futhi, amaphupha noma ukuthakazelisa okungajwayelekile, ukukhathazeka, ukungakhululeki, noma ukucasuka kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlungu amehlo bungase bube khona, okungase kube uphawu lweglaucoma. Ngaphandle kwezithako ngazinye zalezi zixuba, okulandelayo kuyasebenza: Inani elincane lama-antihistamines, ama-decongestants, nama-anticholinergics angase adlule ubisi lwebele. Ukusetshenziswa akukhuthazwa ngoba le mithi ingase ibe nemiphumela emibi, njengokuthakazelisa okungajwayelekile noma ukucasuka, kumntwana ohlala ebele. Futhi, njengoba le mithi ihlala inciphisa ukukhishwa komzimba, kungenzeka ukuthi ukugeleza kobisi lwebele kungase kunciphisiwe kwabesifazane abathile. Nakuba imithi ethile ingafanele isetshenziswe ndawonye nhlobo, kwezinye izimo imithi emibili ehlukene ingase isetshenziswe ndawonye ngisho noma ukusebenzisana kungase kwenzeke. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase afune ukushintsha umthamo, noma ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha zingase zibe yadingeka. Uma uthatha noma iyiphi yale mithi, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bazi uma uthatha noma iyiphi imithi ehlwini elingezansi. Ukusebenzisana okulandelayo kukhethwe ngesisekelo sokubaluleka kwabo okungenzeka futhi akuyona yonke into. Ukusebenzisa imithi kuleli qembu nanoma iyiphi imithi elandelayo ayikhuthazwa. Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukungakwelaphi ngemithi kuleli qembu noma ashintshe ezinye zezinto ozithathayo. Ukusebenzisa imithi kuleli qembu nanoma iyiphi imithi elandelayo ngokuvamile ayikhuthazwa, kodwa kungase kudingeke kwezinye izimo. Uma kokubili imithi ilotshwe ndawonye, udokotela wakho angase ashintshe umthamo noma ukuthi uyayisebenzisa kangakanani enye noma zombili imithi. Imithi ethile akufanele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi noma eduze kwesikhathi sokudla ukudla noma ukudla izinhlobo ezithile zokudla ngoba ukusebenzisana kungase kwenzeke. Ukusebenzisa utshwala noma utshaba nanoma iyiphi imithi kungase futhi kubangele ukusebenzisana. Xoxa nochwepheshe bakho bezempilo ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yakho ngokudla, utshwala, noma utshaba. Ukuba khona kwezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha kungase kuthonye ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kuleli qembu. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unanoma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi: