I-antihistamine (indlela yokwelapha ngomlomo, indlela yokwelapha ngokuthombisa, indlela yokwelapha ngesigxobo)

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Ama-antihistamine asebenza ekuqedeni noma ukuvimbela izimpawu ze-hay fever nezinye izinhlobo zokubeleka. Asebenza ngokuvimbela imiphumela yesigaba esibizwa ngokuthi i-histamine, esenziwa umzimba. I-Histamine ingabangela ukukhahlela, ukukhipha, impumulo ephumayo, kanye namehlo amanzi. Futhi, kwabanye abantu i-histamine ingavala imiphunga yomoya (indlela yomoya yemiphunga) futhi yenze kuphefumulelwe kunzima. Amanye ama-antihistamine asebenza futhi ekuvimbeleni ukugula kokunyakaza, isicanucanu, ukugabha, nokuqina. Kubantu abane-Parkinson's disease, i-diphenhydramine ingasetshenziswa ekuqedeni ubunzima nokuzamazama. Futhi, uhlobo lwesiraphu le-diphenhydramine lusetshenziswa ekuqedeni ukukhokha okubangelwa yizikhathi zokubanda noma i-hay fever. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ama-antihistamine angabangela ubuthongo njengomphumela ohlangothini, amanye awo angasetshenziswa ukusiza abantu ukuba balele. I-Hydroxyzine isebenza ekwelapheni izimo zezinzwa nezimizwa ukuze kuqiniswe ukukhathazeka. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukusiza ukulawula ukukhathazeka nokukhiqiza ubuthongo ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe ubuhlinzwa. Amanye ama-antihistamine asebenza ekwelapheni i-urticaria enqabile, okuyisikhumba esiqhubekayo esifana ne-hive. Ama-antihistamine angasetshenziswa nezimo eziningi njengoba kunqunywe ngudokotela wakho. Ukulungiselela kwe-antihistamine kuyatholakala kokubili ngaphandle kokubhalwa (OTC) nangokubhalwa kudokotela wakho. Unganiki noma iyiphi imithi yomkhuhlane ne-cold eyi-over-the-counter (OTC) kumntwana noma ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-4. Ukusebenzisa le miyeke kwabantwana abancinyane kakhulu kungabangela imiphumela emibi emibi noma engase ibe yingozi eyingozi. Qiniseka ukuthi ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bayazi uma usebenzisa ukudla okune-sodium ephansi, ushukela ophansi, noma noma iyiphi enye i-diet ekhethekile. Imithi eminingi inokuningi kunengxenye yayo esebenzayo, futhi imithi eminingi eyi-liquid inotshwala. Lo mkhiqizo uyatholakala ngezindlela zokulinganisa ezilandelayo:

Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nokuthinta okungavamile noma okungokuxhaphaza kwemithi kuleli qembu noma kwezinye izidakamizwa. Tshela futhi ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo uma unezinye izinhlobo zokuxhaphaza, njengokudla imibala, izigcini, noma izilwane. Ngomkhiqizo ongenayo iresiphi, funda ilebula noma izithako zephakheji ngokucophelela. Imiphumela emibi emibi, njengokuhlwitha (ukubamba), kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu abancane futhi kungaba yingozi enkulu kubantwana abasebancane kunabantwana abadala noma abantu abadala. Ngokuvamile, abantwana banesizotha kakhulu kwimiphumela ye-antihistamines. Futhi, amaphupha noma ukuthokoza okungavamile, ukukhathazeka, ukungakhululeki, noma ukucasuka kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantwana. Unganiki muthi wokukhokha nokuqandisa (OTC) kumntwana noma umntwana oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-4. Ukusebenzisa le miyekezo kubantwana abancane kakhulu kungabangela imiphumela emibi emibi noma engase ibe yingozi yokuphila. Abantu abadala bavame ukuba nesizotha kakhulu kwimiphumela ye-antihistamines. Ukuphazamiseka; ukuthamba noma ukuthamba okuhlungu; ukukhungatheka; ukulala; ukuzwa ubuthakathaka; noma ukumomotheka komlomo, impumulo, noma umlomo kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantu abadala. Futhi, amaphupha noma ukuthokoza okungavamile, ukukhathazeka, ukungakhululeki, noma ukucasuka kungase kube khona kakhulu kubantu abadala. I-Hydroxyzine ayinconywa ukusetshenziswa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa njengoba kubonisiwe ukuthi kubangela ukungapheli kahle kokuzalwa ekufundeni kwezilwane lapho kunikezwa ngamathani amaningi kakhulu kunenani elijwayelekile lomuntu. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhulume ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. I-Desloratadine ne-fexofenadine azifundwanga kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ezilwaneni zibonise ukuthi le miyekezo ibangela ukungapheli kahle kokuzalwa noma ezinye izinkinga lapho inikezwa ngamathani aphezulu kunenani elijwayelekile lomuntu. Ngaphambi kokuthatha le miyekezo, qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho uyazi uma ukhulelwe noma uma ungase ukhulelwe. I-Azatadine, i-brompheniramine, i-cetirizine, i-chlorpheniramine, i-clemastine, i-cyproheptadine, i-dexchlorpheniramine, i-dimenhydrinate, i-diphenhydramine, i-doxylamine, ne-loratadine azifundwanga kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kodwa-ke, le miyekezo ayiboniswanga ukuthi ibangela ukungapheli kahle kokuzalwa noma ezinye izinkinga ekufundeni kwezilwane. Inani elincane le-antihistamines liyadlula ubisi lwesibeletho. Ukusetshenziswa akukhuthazwa njengoba izingane zinobungozi kakhulu kwimiphumela emibi ye-antihistamines, njengokuthokoza okungavamile noma ukucasuka. Futhi, njengoba le miyekezo ihlala inciphisa ukukhishwa komzimba, kungenzeka ukuthi ukugeleza kobisi lwesibeletho kunganciphisa kubanye abantu. Akwaziwa ukuthi i-cetirizine, i-desloratadine, noma i-loratadine ibangela le miphumela emibi efanayo. Nakuba ezinye izidakamizwa kufanele zingasetshenziswa ndawonye nhlobo, kwezinye izimo imithi emibili ehlukene ingasetshenziswa ndawonye ngisho noma kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona ukusebenzisana. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase afune ukushintsha umthamo, noma ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha kungase kudingeke. Uma uthatha noma yimiphi yale miyekezo, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bazi uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi ehlwini elingezansi. Ukusebenzisana okulandelayo kukhethwe ngesisekelo sokubaluleka kwabo okungenzeka futhi akuyona yonke into. Ukusebenzisa imithi kuleli qembu nanoma yimiphi imithi elandelayo ayikhuthazwa. Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukungakwelaphi ngemithi kuleli qembu noma ashintshe ezinye izidakamizwa ozithathayo. Ukusebenzisa imithi kuleli qembu nanoma yimiphi imithi elandelayo ngokuvamile ayikhuthazwa, kodwa kungase kudingeke kwezinye izimo. Uma kokubili imithi ilotshiwe ndawonye, udokotela wakho angase ashintshe umthamo noma ukuthi ulisebenzisa kangaki enye noma zombili imithi. Ezinye izidakamizwa akufanele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi noma eduze kwesikhathi sokudla ukudla noma ukudla izinhlobo ezithile zokudla njengoba kungenzeka kube khona ukusebenzisana. Ukusebenzisa utshwala noma utshaba nanoma yimiphi imithi kungase futhi kubangele ukusebenzisana. Xoxa nochwepheshe bakho bezempilo ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yakho ngokudla, utshwala, noma utshaba. Ukusebenzisa imithi kuleli qembu nanoma yini elandelayo ngokuvamile ayikhuthazwa, kodwa kungase kungakhuphuki kwezinye izimo. Uma kusetshenziswa ndawonye, udokotela wakho angase ashintshe umthamo noma ukuthi ulisebenzisa kangaki imithi yakho, noma akunikeze imiyalo ekhethekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kokudla, utshwala, noma utshaba. Ukuba khona kwezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha kungathinta ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kuleli qembu. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi: