Yini i-Antithyroid Agent: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

Ama-antithyroid agents yimithi esiza ukwehlisa umsebenzi we-thyroid gland uma ikhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid amaningi kakhulu. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimba i-thyroid yakho ekwenzeni ama-hormone amaningi, okungasiza ukubuyisela ukulinganisela emzimbeni wakho kanye namazinga amandla.

Uma utshelwe ukuthi une-hyperthyroidism noma i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle, udokotela wakho angase ancome le mithi njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Cabanga ngayo njengamabhuleki amancane e-thyroid yakho, okuyisiza ukuthi ibuyele ezingeni elivamile lokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.

Yini i-Antithyroid Agent?

I-antithyroid agent uhlobo lomuthi olwenzelwe ngqo ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid emzimbeni wakho. Ama-antithyroid agents avame ukunqunywa yi-methimazole kanye ne-propylthiouracil, okungokwesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-thionamides.

Le mithi ayiziphilisi izinkinga ze-thyroid unomphela, kodwa ingaphatha ngempumelelo izimpawu zakho ngenkathi isimo sakho se-thyroid selashwa. Zivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okuyibhuloho ngaphambi kokunye ukwelashwa okufana ne-radioactive iodine noma ukuhlinzwa, noma ngezinye izikhathi njengesixazululo sesikhathi eside seziguli ezithile.

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha i-antithyroid agent efanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile, ubudala, nezinye izinto zempilo. Yomibili imithi isebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa inezakhiwo ezihlukile kancane ezingenza enye ikufaneleke kakhulu kunenye.

Yini i-Antithyroid Agent Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Ama-antithyroid agents asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism, isimo lapho i-thyroid gland yakho ikhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid amaningi kakhulu. Le mithi isiza ukubuyisela amazinga akho e-hormone ebangeni elinempilo, okungathuthukisa kakhulu indlela ozizwa ngayo usuku nosuku.

Isimo esivame kakhulu eselashwa ngale mithi yi-Graves' disease, isifo esizimele esenza ukuthi i-thyroid yakho ibe matasa ngokweqile. Ungase futhi uthole le mithi uma une-toxic multinodular goiter noma i-thyroid nodule eyodwa esebenza ngokweqile.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza imithi elwa ne-thyroid ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid ukusiza ukuzinzisa amazinga akho e-hormone futhi benze inqubo iphephe. Zisetshenziselwa futhi ukulungiselela iziguli ukwelashwa nge-iodine enomsakazo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-thyroid yakho isesimweni esingcono kakhulu ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, le mithi ingase inikezwe i-thyroid storm, isimo esisongela impilo lapho amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid eba phezulu kakhulu ngendlela eyingozi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela ngokushesha kanye neminye imithi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Antithyroid Agent?

Ama-antithyroid agents asebenza ngokuphazamisa ikhono le-thyroid gland yakho lokusebenzisa i-iodine ukwenza ama-hormone e-thyroid. Avimba i-enzyme ebizwa nge-thyroid peroxidase, ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-hormone, ngempela ebeka amabhuleki amancane ku-thyroid yakho esebenza ngokweqile.

Le mithi ithathwa njengemodareyithi enamandla futhi isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi abane-hyperthyroidism. Ngenkathi ingasebenzi ngokushesha, ngokuvamile uzoqala ukuqaphela ukuthuthuka kwezimpawu zakho kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa uqale ukwelashwa.

I-Propylthiouracil inenzuzo eyengeziwe ngoba futhi ivimba ukuguqulwa kwama-hormone e-T4 kuya ku-T3 emithanjeni yakho yomzimba. Lokhu kuyenza ibe wusizo ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima ze-hyperthyroidism noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho ukulawulwa okusheshayo kwe-hormone kudingeka.

Imithi isebenza kahle uma ithathwa njalo nsuku zonke, njengoba idinga ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho ukuze kulawulwe ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone. I-thyroid yakho izonciphisa kancane kancane ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwe-hormone njengoba imithi isebenza.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Antithyroid Agent?

Thatha imithi yakho yokulwa ne-antithyroid ngendlela eqondile njengoba uyalelwe ngudokotela wakho, ngokuvamile ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Abantu abaningi bathatha le mithi ngomlomo, nakuba ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu esibhedlela, inganikezwa ngokuqondile uma ukugwinya kungenzeki.

Ungayithatha le mithi ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa zama ukungaguquguquki ngokukhetha kwakho. Uma imithi ikukhathaza isisu sakho, ukuyithatha nokudla noma ubisi kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla ongase ukuzwe.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, thatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqinile emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukusetha isikhumbuzi sansuku zonke noma bathathe imithi yabo ngomsebenzi ojwayelekile wansuku zonke njengokudla kwasekuseni noma ukuxubha amazinyo abo.

Uma uthatha i-methimazole, cishe uzoyithatha kanye ngosuku, kuyilapho i-propylthiouracil ivame ukuthathwa izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngosuku. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngomthamo othile futhi angawulungisa ngokuya ngokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Agent Yokulwa Ne-Antithyroid?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwe-antithyroid buhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, ngokuvamile busuka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18 kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikaGraves. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile futhi alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokufanele.

Abanye abantu bafinyelela ekuxoleleni futhi bangayeka ukuthatha imithi ngemva kwalesi sikhathi sokuqala sokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside noma bangase bakhethe ukuhlala emthomeni wokulondoloza iminyaka eminingi, ikakhulu uma ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zingafanele.

Udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho njengoba amazinga e-hormone yakho yegilo ezinzile, kunokuyeka imithi ngokuphazima kweso. Le nqubo yokunciphisa isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igilo lakho alibi ngokushesha.

Uma unezinhlobo ezithile zama-nodules e-thyroid noma ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa nge-iodine enomsakazo, ungase udinge le mithi amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokwenza uhlu lwesikhathi oluqondene nesimo sakho kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni Yejenti Elwa ne-Thyroid?

Njengayo yonke imithi, ama-ejenti alwa ne-thyroid angabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi iyalawuleka, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ukuze ukwazi ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nodokotela wakho.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ngenkathi uthatha le mithi:

• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga noma ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okwesikhashana
• Ushintsho ekunambithekeni
• Isiyezi

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi, kodwa unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma iba yisicefe noma iqhubeka.

Nakuba kungavamile, kunemiphumela emibi ethile engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Le miphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebalulekile ihlanganisa:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu noma umkhuhlane (izimpawu zokwehla kwesibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi)
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (izinkinga zesibindi)
• Ukukhathala okukhulu noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu noma ukuqubuka okusabalale
• Ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezingathi sína, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukwenza izivivinyo zegazi ukuze ahlolisise ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho kanye nokubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi njalo ngenkathi usebenzisa le mithi.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Antithyroid Agent?

Izidakamizwa eziphikisana ne-thyroid azifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuzinikeza. Abantu abanezimo ezithile noma izimo kungenzeka badinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile ngezinkinga zabo ze-thyroid.

Akufanele uthathe le mithi uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani komzimba ne-methimazole, propylthiouracil, noma yiziphi izithako kule mithi. Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele ukuzinikeza uma unezimo ezithile zesibindi noma izifo zegazi.

Nazi izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile:

• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma umlando wokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa yizidakamizwa
• Ukwehla kwesibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi noma izifo zokujiya kwegazi
• Ukukhulelwa (i-propylthiouracil ivame ukukhethwa ngaphezu kwe-methimazole)
• Ukuncelisa (kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela)
• Izingane ezincane kakhulu (ukulinganisa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile)
• Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamuva noma ukugula okukhulu

Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo nezingozi ngokucophelela esimweni sakho esithile. Noma ngabe unesinye salezi zimo, ungase ukwazi ukuthatha imithi ephikisana ne-thyroid ngokuqapha okuseduze futhi mhlawumbe ulungise umthamo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Wezidakamizwa Eziphikisana Ne-Thyroid

Izidakamizwa ezimbili eziphikisana ne-thyroid eziyinhloko zitholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, yize nezinhlobo ezivamile nazo zivame ukunqunywa. I-Methimazole ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Tapazole, kuyilapho i-propylthiouracil ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-PTU.

Zombili izinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo nezivamile zisebenza kahle ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angase anqume noma iyiphi ngokuya ngokutholakala, izindleko, noma ukumbozwa kwakho komshuwalense. Izithako ezisebenzayo zifana noma ngabe uthola igama lomkhiqizo noma inguqulo ejwayelekile.

Ikhambi lakho lingashintsha phakathi kwezinhlobo zomkhiqizo kanye nezinhlobo ezivamile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ecela ngokuqondile igama lomkhiqizo. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinto ezingafani ngendlela ozizwa ngayo ngemva kokushintsha phakathi kwezinhlobo, yazisa udokotela wakho, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Antithyroid Agent

Uma imithi ye-antithyroid ingakulungele noma ingasebenzi kahle, zikhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakala ze-hyperthyroidism. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zinketho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile nezintandokazi zakho.

Ukwelashwa nge-iodine enomoya kuyindlela ejwayelekile ebandakanya ukuthatha iphilisi elinomsakazo eliqondise futhi libhubhise izicubu ze-thyroid ezingasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa ngokuvamile kuholela ku-thyroid engasebenzi kahle edinga ukushintshwa kwamahomoni okuphila konke.

Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwengxenye noma yonke i-thyroid yakho (i-thyroidectomy) enye inketho, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-goiters enkulu noma labo abangakwazi ukuthatha ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Njenge-iodine enomoya, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuholela ekudingeni ukwelashwa kokushintshwa kwamahomoni e-thyroid ngemva kwalokho.

Ama-beta-blockers angasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu ezinjengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela, nokukhathazeka ngenkathi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziqala ukusebenza. Nokho, le mithi iphatha kuphela izimpawu futhi ayibhekisisi ukweqisa kwamahomoni e-thyroid okuyisisekelo.

Ingabe i-Antithyroid Agent ingcono kune-Beta-Blockers?

Ama-antithyroid agents nama-beta-blockers asebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi asebenzela izinjongo ezihlukene ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism, ngakho ukuwaqhathanisa ngokuqondile akuyona indlela efanele. Imithi ye-Antithyroid empeleni inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni e-thyroid, kuyilapho ama-beta-blockers esiza kuphela ekuphatheni izimpawu ezibangelwa ukweqisa kwamahomoni e-thyroid.

Cabanga ngale ndlela: uma i-hyperthyroidism yakho injengemoto enesivinini esinamathiselwe, ama-antithyroid agents alungisa inkinga yesivinini, kuyilapho ama-beta-blockers afana namabhuleki angcono akusiza ukuthi uphathe isivinini kodwa awulungisi inkinga eyisisekelo.

Odokotela abaningi bancoma zombili izinhlobo zemithi ndawonye, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukwelashwa. I-beta-blocker inganikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo ezimpawini ezinjengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokuthuthumela ngenkathi i-ejenti eliphikisana ne-thyroid lithatha isikhathi ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni.

Ukuze kulawulwe i-hyperthyroidism isikhathi eside, ama-ejenti aphikisana ne-thyroid ngokuvamile abaluleke kakhulu ngoba abhekana nembangela eyinhloko yenkinga. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuqhubeka nama-beta-blockers uma unezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma uma ekusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nama-ejenti Aphikisana ne-Thyroid

Ingabe i-ejenti eliphikisana ne-Thyroid liphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

Ama-ejenti aphikisana ne-thyroid ngokuvamile aphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo futhi empeleni angasiza ukuvikela inhliziyo yakho ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okubangelwa amahomoni e-thyroid amaningi. I-Hyperthyroidism ingenza izimo zenhliziyo zibe zimbi, ngakho ukuyelapha ngokuvamile kuthuthukisa impilo yakho yonke yenhliziyo.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze uma unesifo senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi emasontweni okuqala okwelashwa. Bangase futhi banikeze ama-beta-blockers kanye nomuthi wakho ophikisana ne-thyroid ukuze banikeze ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwenhliziyo ngenkathi amazinga akho e-hormone ye-thyroid ejwayelekile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi noma usanda kuba nesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akhethe i-propylthiouracil ngaphezu kwe-methimazole ngoba isebenza ngokushesha kancane. Bazofuna futhi ukukubona kaningi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kahle ekwelashweni.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuzile Kakhulu I-ejenti Eliphikisana Ne-Thyroid?

Uma ngengozi uthatha umuthi wakho ophikisana ne-thyroid omningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukuphuza okuningi kungase kubangele ukuthi i-thyroid yakho ingasebenzi kahle, okuholela ezimpawini ezinjengokukhathala okukhulu, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuzizwa kubanda kakhulu.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo yisazi sezokwelapha. Kunalokho, phuza amanzi amaningi bese uqoqa ibhodlela lakho lemithi ukuze unikeze imininingwane ngalokho nokuthi ungakanani okuthathile.

Ukweqisa okuningi komuthi wokulwa ne-antithyroid akuyona ingozi ngokushesha, kodwa cishe uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uqaphele ukusebenza kwegland yakho yegilo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo noma emasontweni. Udokotela wakho angase ashintshe okwesikhashana umthamo wakho ovamile noma ahlele ama-aphoyintimenti engeziwe okulandelayo.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngingaphuthelwa Umthamo We-Antithyroid Agent?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo womuthi wakho we-antithyroid, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele amazinga e-hormone yakho yegilo ukuthi ehlise kakhulu. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgwaqeni.

Ukuphuthelwa umthamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akulimazi, kodwa zama ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo eminingana noma ukhohlwa ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqondiso sokuthi ungaqala kanjani kabusha ukwelashwa kwakho ngokuphepha.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Antithyroid Agent?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha imithi yakho ye-antithyroid ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, njengoba ukuyeka ngokushesha kakhulu noma ngokuphazima kungase kubangele i-hyperthyroidism yakho ukuthi ibuye. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nezimpawu zakho ukuze anqume ukuthi kuphephile nini ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka imithi yakho.

Abantu abaningi abane-Graves' disease bathatha imithi ye-antithyroid izinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18 ngaphambi kokuzama ukuyeka, kodwa abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokwehlisa kancane umthamo wakho emasontweni amaningana noma izinyanga kunokuthi awuyeke ngokuzumayo.

Noma ngemva kokuyeka ngempumelelo imithi, uzodinga ukuqokwa okuqhubekayo nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-thyroid yakho ihlala izinzile. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nokubuyela kwe-hyperthyroidism ngemva kwezinyanga noma iminyaka kamuva futhi bangase badinge ukuqala kabusha ukwelashwa noma bacabange ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ngingayithatha yini i-Antithyroid Agent ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Imithi ye-Antithyroid ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa idinga ukuqapha nokucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. I-Propylthiouracil ivame ukukhethwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwesithathu sokuqala, kuyilapho i-methimazole ingase isetshenziswe kamuva ekukhulelweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha le mithi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kungenzeka ukuthi bazofuna ukulungisa uhlobo lwemithi yakho noma umthamo futhi bakuqaphe eduze ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho.

I-Hyperthyroidism engelashwanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingaba yingozi kuwe nomntwana wakho, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa umthamo ophansi osebenzayo futhi aqaphe kokubili ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho nokukhula komntwana wakho ngokucophelela.