Yini i-Apomorphine (Indlela engaphansi kolimi): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Apomorphine engaphansi kolimi iyimithi encibilika ngaphansi kolimi lwakho ukusiza ukwelapha izigameko ezingazelelwe "ezingasebenzi" esifo sikaParkinson. Lapho imithi yakho ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson iyeka ukusebenza okwesikhashana, le mithi esebenza ngokushesha ingasiza ukubuyisela ukunyakaza kwakho futhi kunciphise ukuqina ngemizuzu.

Lolu hlobo olungaphansi kolimi lusebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Parkinson ngoba ludlula ngokuphelele uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Umuthi umuncwa ngokuqondile ngezicubu ezingaphansi kolimi lwakho, okwenza kube usizo ikakhulu uma udinga ukukhululeka okusheshayo ezimpawini zemoto.

Yini i-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine iyi-dopamine receptor agonist elingisa isenzo se-dopamine ebuchosheni bakho. Naphezu kwegama layo, ayihlobene ne-morphine futhi ingeyomunye uhlobo oluhlukile lwemithi.

Ubuchopho bakho ngokwemvelo buveza i-dopamine ukulawula ukunyakaza, kodwa isifo sikaParkinson sinciphisa kancane kancane lokhu kukhiqizwa. I-Apomorphine ingena ukuze isebenzise ama-dopamine receptors afanayo ubuchopho bakho obungasakwazi ukuwakhuthaza ngempumelelo ngokwawo.

Indlela engaphansi kolimi isho ukuthi umuthi uncibilika ngaphansi kolimi lwakho njengeminti yokuphefumula. Le ndlela yokulethwa ivumela ukuthi umuthi ungene ngokushesha egazini lakho ngokusetshenziswa kwegazi elicebile ezicutshini zomlomo wakho.

Yini i-Apomorphine Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Apomorphine engaphansi kolimi iphatha izigameko ezingazelelwe "ezingasebenzi" kubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson esithuthukile. Lezi zigameko zenzeka lapho imithi yakho ejwayelekile iphela ngokungalindelekile, ikushiya nezimpawu ezibuyile njengokuthuthumela, ukuqina, nobunzima bokunyakaza.

Udkt wakho uvame ukunquma lo muthi lapho usuphila ne-Parkinson iminyaka eminingana futhi uhlangabezana nokuguquguquka okungalindelekile ezimpawini zakho. Isebenza njengomuthi wokuhlenga kunokuba kube ukwelashwa kwansuku zonke kokuphatha isimo sakho.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi imithi yabo ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson iba ngaphansi kokwethembeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngezikhathi ezinzima ezinjalo, i-apomorphine inganikeza usizo olusheshayo oludingayo ukuze ulawule ukunyakaza kwakho futhi uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine isebenza ngokuvuselela ngokuqondile ama-dopamine receptors ebuchosheni bakho, empeleni yenza umsebenzi ukuthi i-dopamine yakho yemvelo ayisakwazi ukuwenza ngempumelelo. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yimithi enamandla ngokulinganisela engahlinzeka ngokusheshisa ukukhululeka kwezimpawu.

Uma ufaka ifilimu ngaphansi kolimi lwakho, umuthi uqala ukumuncwa ngemizuzwana. Ngokungafani namaphilisi okumele adlule ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, lokhu kunikezwa ngaphansi kolimi kuvumela i-apomorphine ukuthi ifinyelele ebuchosheni bakho ngemizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengu-15.

Umuthi uqondise ngqo izindawo zemoto zobuchopho bakho ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokulawula ukunyakaza. Ngokuvula lezi zindlela ezilele, i-apomorphine ingabuyisela okwesikhashana ukunyakaza okubushelelezi, okuhlelekayo okuye kwaphazanyiswa yi-Parkinson.

Ngingayithatha Kanjani I-Apomorphine?

Faka ifilimu elingaphansi kolimi ngaphansi kolimi lwakho bese ulivumela ukuthi lincibilike ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuhlafuna noma ukugwinya. Umuthi udinga ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nezicubu ezingaphansi kolimi lwakho ukuze umuncwe kahle egazini lakho.

Ungathatha i-apomorphine ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa gwema ukudla noma ukuphuza okungenani imizuzu eyi-10 ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi. Lesi sikhathi sokulinda siqinisekisa ukuthi ifilimu linesikhathi esanele sokuncibilika ngokuphelele futhi limuncwe ngempumelelo.

Vala umlomo wakho bese uzama ukungakhulumi ngenkathi ifilimu lincibilika. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukucindezela ngobumnene ulimi lwabo olungenhla komlomo wabo ukuze bagcine ifilimu endaweni ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika.

Qiniseka ukuthi izandla zakho zomile ngaphambi kokuthinta ifilimu, njengoba umswakama ungenza ukuthi inamathele emunweni wakho. Uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa izandla ngesikhathi sesigameko esithi "off", cela ilungu lomndeni noma umnakekeli ukuthi akusize ukubeka umuthi ngendlela efanele.

Ngingayithatha isikhathi esingakanani i-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine sublingual yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside njengomuthi wokusiza phakathi nohambo lwakho lwe-Parkinson. Cishe uzoqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa uma nje uhlangabezana nezigameko ezingalindelekile "off" eziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi usawudinga yini lo muthi ngokusekelwe kumaphethini akho ezimpawu nokuphendula kweminye imithi. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi bayayidinga kaningi njengoba isimo sabo siqhubeka, kanti abanye bangase bayisebenzise kaningi uma imithi yabo eyinhloko ilungiswa.

Umgomo uwukusebenzisa i-apomorphine kuphela uma kudingekile ngezimpawu zokuphuma. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuze lithuthukise imithi yakho ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson kuqala, lisebenzise i-apomorphine njengenethi yokuphepha yezimpawu ezingalindelekile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Apomorphine?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-apomorphine sublingual, kodwa kufanele wazi ngemiphumela emibi engase yenzeke. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela zokuphendula kukusiza ukuthi usebenzise umuthi ngokuphepha futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela emibi evamile abantu abaningi abayizwayo ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okuncane
• Ukozela noma ukuzwa ubuthongo
• Isiyezi lapho usukuma
• Ukuvuvukala komlomo noma ukunambitheka okuguquliwe
• Ukuthimula noma ukuzwa ukungakhululeki
• Ikhanda elincane

Le miphumela evamile ivamise ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ngokuvamile ziyaqondakala futhi azidingi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ezimweni eziningi.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukuhlaselwa ngokuphazima kweso kokulala ngaphandle kwesixwayiso
• Ukucabanga izinto ezingekho noma ukubona izinto ezingekho
• Ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi okubangela ukuquleka
• Isicanucanu esibi esinokuhlanza okuqhubekayo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo ezinzima. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi balungise umthamo wakho noma bahlole ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingaba yingozi zingabandakanya:

• Izinkinga zokulawula ukuziphatha njengokugembula noma ukuthenga ngokweqile
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu nokuvuvukala noma ukuqubuka
• Ukuvuka okubuhlungu isikhathi eside emadodeni
• Ushintsho olukhulu lwemizwa noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki noma ama-muscle spasms

Ngenkathi le miphumela engavamile ingavamile, ukuyazi ikusiza ukuthi uqaphele lapho kwenzeka okuthile okungajwayelekile. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakusiza ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kwemiphumela elindelekile kanye nezimpawu ezikhathazayo ezidinga ukuhlolwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Apomorphine?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-apomorphine sublingual ngenxa yobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-apomorphine uma unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo:

• Isifo senhliziyo esibi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe
• Isifo esibi sezinso noma sesibindi
• Umlando we-QT interval ende ezivivinyweni zomgqigqo wenhliziyo
• I-psychosis esebenzayo noma izimo ezinzima zempilo yengqondo
• Ukungezwani komzimba ku-apomorphine noma kuma-sulfites

Abantu abathatha imithi ethile kufanele futhi bagweme i-apomorphine. Lokhu kusebenzisana kwemithi kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi noma kunciphise ukusebenza komuthi.

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma uthatha imithi yokulwa nesicanucanu njenge-ondansetron noma i-granisetron. Le mithi ingasebenzisana ne-apomorphine futhi ibangele izinkinga ezinzima zesigqi senhliziyo ezingase zibe yingozi empilweni.

Udokotela wakho uzobheka iminyaka yakho kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele. Abantu abadala bangase bazwe imiphumela ye-apomorphine, ikakhulukazi ingozi yokuwa ngenxa yesiyezi noma izigameko zokulala ezingazelelwe.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Apomorphine

I-Apomorphine sublingual itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Kynmobi e-United States. Lolu okwamanje ukuphela kwe-FDA-approved sublingual film formulation ye-apomorphine yokwelapha isifo sikaParkinson.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-apomorphine ziyatholakala, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezinjenge-injectable, kodwa lezi ziyimithi ehlukene enokusetshenziswa okuhlukile kanye nezidingo zokulinganisa. Qiniseka ukuthi ujwayelene nomkhiqizo othile kanye nokwakheka okubhalwe udokotela wakho.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-apomorphine sublingual azikatholakali okwamanje. Uma izindleko zikhathaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinhlelo zokusiza iziguli noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingase zibe ngcono.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Apomorphine

Eminye imithi eminingi ingasiza ekuphatheni izigameko ze-

Udktela wakho angase futhi acabange ukulungisa imithi yakho ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson ukuze kuncishiswe izigameko "ezingekho" ekuqaleni. Izinketho zihlanganisa amafomula akhishwa isikhathi eside, ukwengeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-dopamine agonists, noma ukuhlanganisa ezinye izigaba zemithi ye-Parkinson.

Ingabe i-Apomorphine Ingcono Kune-Carbidopa-Levodopa?

I-Apomorphine ne-carbidopa-levodopa zisebenzela izinjongo ezihlukene ekwelashweni kwe-Parkinson, ngakho ukuqhathanisa akulula. I-Carbidopa-levodopa ngokuvamile iyimithi yakho eyinhloko yansuku zonke, kuyilapho i-apomorphine isebenza njengokwelashwa kokuhlenga izimpawu eziphumelelayo.

I-Carbidopa-levodopa isebenza kancane kancane kodwa inikeza ukulawulwa kwezimpawu isikhathi eside usuku lonke. Ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kokuqala kwe-Parkinson's disease futhi kwakha isisekelo sezinhlelo eziningi zokwelapha.

I-Apomorphine isebenza ngokushesha okukhulu kodwa inesikhathi esifushane sokusebenza. Uyisebenzisa ngokuqondile uma imithi yakho ejwayelekile inganikezi ukulawulwa okwanele kwezimpawu, okuyenza ibe yindlela yokwelapha eyengezelelwe kunokuncintisana.

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa yomibili imithi ndawonye njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi lokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe kumaphethini akho ezimpawu, izidingo zokuphila, kanye nemigomo yokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Apomorphine

Ingabe i-Apomorphine Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zenhliziyo?

I-Apomorphine idinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kubantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ngoba ingathinta umfutho wegazi nesigqi senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile futhi anqume ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula yini izingozi.

Abantu abanezifo zenhliziyo ezithambile, ezinzile basengakwazi ukusebenzisa i-apomorphine ngokuqapha eduze. Kodwa-ke, labo abanezifo zenhliziyo ezinzima, ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kwakamuva, noma izinkinga eziyingozi zesigqi senhliziyo ngokuvamile kufanele bagweme lo muthi.

Udktela wakho angase ancome izivivinyo zokuqapha inhliziyo ngaphambi kokuqala i-apomorphine kanye nokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi uyithatha. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ihlala izinzile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa I-Apomorphine Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-apomorphine eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, ukozela okukhulu, kanye nokwehla okuyingozi kwengcindezi yegazi.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngokuqondile ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Kunalokho, hlala phansi noma ulale phansi ngokuphepha futhi ube nomuntu ozohlala nawe ngenkathi ufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Uma kwenzeka izimpawu zokweqisa ezimbi njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ubuhlungu besifuba, shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kungavimbela izinkinga ezinzima ezivela ekweqiseni i-apomorphine.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine sublingual isetshenziswa njengoba kudingeka ezigcawini ezingekho ngaphandle kweshejuli ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile awuphuthelwa imithamo ngomqondo wendabuko. Uthatha kuphela uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-Parkinson.

Uma unezigcawu ezingekho futhi uqaphela ukuthi bekufanele uthathe i-apomorphine ngaphambili, ungalithatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, ungathathi imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze ulungise amathuba aphuthelwe.

Gcina umkhondo wokuthi uthathe nini i-apomorphine okokugcina ukuze ugweme ukuthatha imithamo eduze kakhulu. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukulinda okungenani amahora angu-2 phakathi kwemithamo ngaphandle uma kuqondiswe ngenye indlela.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Apomorphine?

Ungayeka ukuthatha i-apomorphine lapho wena nodokotela wakho nivumelana ngokuthi awusadingi imithi yokuhlenga ezigcawini ezingekho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma imithi yakho ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson ithuthukisiwe futhi inikeza ukulawulwa kwezimpawu okuqhubekayo.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi badinga i-apomorphine kaningi njengoba uhlelo lwabo lokwelashwa luthuthukiswa. Abanye bangase bayidinge kaningi njengoba isimo sabo siqhubeka, okwenza kube yingxenye yesikhathi eside yamasu abo okuphatha.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-apomorphine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo neqembu lakho lezempilo kuqala. Bangakusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokuphatha izimpawu eziphuma phambili uma uyeka lo muthi wokusiza.

Ngingashayela Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Apomorphine?

Ukushayela ngenkathi uthatha i-apomorphine kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ngoba umuthi ungabangela ukozela nezigameko zokulala ezingazelelwe. Akufanele ushayele ngemuva nje kokuthatha umthamo kuze kube yilapho wazi ukuthi ikuthinta kanjani.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nokuqala kokulala okungazelelwe ngaphandle kwesixwayiso ngenkathi bethatha i-apomorphine, okwenza ukushayela kube yingozi enkulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe, gwema ukushayela ngokuphelele ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi.

Xoxa ngezidingo zakho zokushayela nodokotela wakho, njengoba bengakusiza ukuthi wakhe amasu okulondoloza ukuzimela ngenkathi uhlala uphephile. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlela imithamo yakho ngesikhathi sezidingo zokushayela noma ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokuthutha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.