Yini i-Azathioprine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Azathioprine iyisidakamizwa esinciphisa ukuzivikela komzimba esisiza ukuthulisa amasosha akho omzimba uma esebenza kanzima kakhulu. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze lo muthi uma unezimo lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela umzimba wakho, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela enobumnene kodwa esebenzayo yokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uthole ukulinganisela okungcono.

Yini i-Azathioprine?

I-Azathioprine ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-immunosuppressants, okusho ukuthi inciphisa umsebenzi wamasosha akho omzimba. Yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1950 futhi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha yizigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Umuthi usebenza ngokuvimba amaseli athile emasosheni akho omzimba ukuthi angaphindaphindi ngokushesha kakhulu.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengesidakamizwa esishintsha isifo, okusho ukuthi asiphathi nje izimpawu kuphela kodwa empeleni sisiza ukushintsha indlela isimo sakho esiqhubeka ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani neminye imithi oyithatha kuphela uma uzizwa ungaphilile, i-azathioprine ivame ukuthathwa nsuku zonke njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha lwesikhathi eside.

Isetshenziselwani i-Azathioprine?

I-Azathioprine iphatha izimo eziningana lapho amasosha akho omzimba edinga isiqondiso esinobumnene ukuze asebenze kahle. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze yona ngezifo ezizimele, ezenzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela ngokungaqondile izingxenye ezinempilo zomzimba wakho.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu i-azathioprine esiza ukuzilawula zihlanganisa i-rheumatoid arthritis, lapho inciphisa khona ubuhlungu bamalunga nokuvuvukala. Ivame futhi ukusetshenziswa ezifweni zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo njengesifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-ulcerative colitis, isiza ukuphulukisa umgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla nokuvimbela ukuqubuka.

Kubantu abaye bahlinzwa izitho, i-azathioprine idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ukwenqatshwa ngokuvimbela amasosha omzimba ukuthi angahlaseli isitho esisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasiza ngezifo ezithile zesikhumba, izifo zezinso, nezinye izifo ze-autoimmune lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukukhululeka okwanele.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Azathioprine?

I-Azathioprine isebenza ngokugxambukela ekukhiqizweni kwe-DNA emangqamuzaneni amasosha omzimba ahlukanisa ngokushesha. Lapho la mangqamuzana amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile ezama ukuzala, umuthi uwavimbela ekwenzeni izakhiwo abazidingayo ukuze bazale.

Le nqubo yenzeka kancane kancane, yingakho ungase ungaboni ngcono ngokushesha. Umuthi uqondise ngqo amasosha omzimba abangela ukuvuvukala nokulimala, kuyilapho ngokuvamile eshiya eminye imisebenzi yomzimba yodwa. Kuthathwa njenge-immunosuppressant enamandla amaphakathi, enamandla kunezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kodwa ithambile kunezidakamizwa ezinamandla zokucindezela amasosha omzimba.

Imiphumela yakha ohlelweni lwakho emasontweni amaningana kuya ezinyangeni, okusho ukuthi i-azathioprine isebenza kangcono njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kunokulungiswa okusheshayo kwezimpawu.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Azathioprine?

Thatha i-azathioprine ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku ngokudla ukusiza ukuvimbela isisu esibuhlungu. Ukuyithatha ngokudla noma ukudla okulula kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce umuthi kangcono futhi kunciphisa ithuba lokuba nesicanucanu.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele, bese uzama ukuwathatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Uma uyithatha kabili ngosuku, hlukanisa imithamo ngamahora angaba ngu-12. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukuyithatha nge-breakfast kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa.

Gwema ukuchoboza noma ukuqhekeza amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani futhi kungase kubangele ukucasuka emlonyeni wakho noma emqaleni. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela noma amasu angasiza.

Ngizoyithatha isikhathi esingakanani i-Azathioprine?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-azathioprine buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho kanye nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abanye abantu bayayithatha izinyanga eziningana, kanti abanye bangase bayidinge iminyaka noma isikhathi eside.

Ezimweni ze-autoimmune ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis, ungase uthathe i-azathioprine unyaka owodwa kuya emibili ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho acabange ukunciphisa umthamo noma ashintshe kwenye indlela yokwelapha. Uma uke waba nokufakelwa kwesitho, cishe uzodinga ukuyithatha unomphela ukuze uvimbele ukwenqatshwa.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe endleleni ozizwa ngayo kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri yakho. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-azathioprine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala, ngoba lokhu kungase kubangele isimo sakho ukuthi sivuthe.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Azathioprine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-azathioprine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwelashwa kwakho futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukuba mnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi:

• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma uqala umuthi
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla noma izinguquko ekunambithekeni
• Ukukhathala okuncane noma ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elivame ukulawuleka ngamaphilisi ezinhlungu angathengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekethile

Le miphumela evamile ivame ukuncipha ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ukuthatha i-azathioprine nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi ehlobene nesisu kakhulu.

Abanye abantu baba nemiphumela emibi engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, nakuba lokhu kungavamile:

• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka ngenxa yokwehla komsebenzi womzimba wokuzivikela ezifweni
• Ukuqina kalula noma ukuphuma igazi ngoba umuthi ungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi
• Ushintsho emsebenzini wesibindi, okubhekwa udokotela wakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile
• Isicanucanu esibi noma ukuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi ungagcini ukudla
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka obungathuthuki ngokuphumula

Ngokuvamile kakhulu, i-azathioprine ingabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína njengokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, ukwehla okukhulu kwenani lamangqamuzana egazi, noma izinkinga zesibindi. Udokotela wakho uzokubheka eduze ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile ukuze abambe noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Azathioprine?

I-Azathioprine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Ezinye izimo noma izimo zenza lo muthi ube yingozi noma ungasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthathe i-azathioprine uma unokungezwani nayo noma umuthi ofanayo obizwa ngokuthi i-mercaptopurine. Abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima noma izimo ezithile zofuzo ezithinta indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo ngalo muthi nabo badinga ukuyigwema.

Udokotela wakho uzoba nokuqapha okukhethekile mayelana nokunika i-azathioprine uma unezifo ezisebenzayo, umlando womdlavuza, noma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Abantu abanezinkinga zezinso bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Uma uthatha eminye imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi i-allopurinol ye-gout, udokotela wakho angase adinge ukulungisa umthamo wakho we-azathioprine kakhulu noma akhethe enye indlela yokwelapha ngokuphelele.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Azathioprine

I-Azathioprine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana omkhiqizo, i-Imuran iyona eyaziwa kakhulu. Amanye amagama omkhiqizo afaka i-Azasan, nakuba inguqulo ejwayelekile ivame ukunikezwa futhi isebenza ngempumelelo.

Noma ngabe uthola igama lomkhiqizo noma inguqulo ejwayelekile, isithako esisebenzayo siyafana. Ikhemisi lakho lingashintsha esinye ngesinye ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ecela ngokuqondile inguqulo yegama lomkhiqizo.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Azathioprine

Uma i-azathioprine ingakulungele noma inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izimo ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-methotrexate, esebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa futhi icindezela amasosha omzimba.

Imithi emisha ye-biologic efana ne-adalimumab noma i-infliximab inikeza izindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza futhi ingase ibe yizinketho zezimo ezithile. I-Sulfasalazine enye indlela, ikakhulukazi ezifweni zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo.

Ukukhetha okunye ukwelapha kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokuthi usabele kanjani kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inketho efaneleka kakhulu uma i-azathioprine ingafaneleki.

Ingabe i-Azathioprine Ingcono Kune-Methotrexate?

Kokubili i-azathioprine ne-methotrexate ziyimithi esebenza kahle yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukene. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ngokuphelele esimweni sakho esithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokusabela komuntu ngamunye.

I-Methotrexate ivame ukukhethwa ngoba i-rheumatoid arthritis ngoba ivame ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi ifundwe kabanzi ngalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, i-azathioprine ingase ikhethwe uma ungenakukwazi ukubekezelela i-methotrexate noma unezimo ezithile zesibindi.

Ezifweni zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo, i-azathioprine ivame ukuba yinketho yokuqala ngoba isetshenziswe ngempumelelo kulezi zimo iminyaka eminingi. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengobudala bakho, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nempilo yakho yonke lapho unquma phakathi kwalezi zinketho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Azathioprine

Ingabe i-Azathioprine Iphephile Ezigulini Zezinso?

I-Azathioprine ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa udokotela wakho uzodinga ukulungisa umthamo ngokuya ngokuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Umuthi ucubungulwa izingxenye ezinso, ngakho ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso kusho ukuthi umuthi uhlala esistemini yakho isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo ngezivivinyo zegazi futhi angase akuqale ngomthamo ophansi kunowajwayelekile. Kwezinye izimo, i-azathioprine empeleni isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezithile zezinso, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukugadwa kwezokwelapha ngokucophelela.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa Ngengozi I-Azathioprine Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-azathioprine eningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi izifo nezinkinga zamaseli egazi.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho bese ubuyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile sokulinganisa njengoba kuyalelwe. Gcina umkhondo walokho okwenzekile ukuze ukwazi ukuvimbela amaphutha afanayo esikhathini esizayo.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqa Umthamo We-Azathioprine?

Uma weqa umthamo we-azathioprine, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo owuphuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuphuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emkhondweni.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Azathioprine?

Yeka kuphela ukuthatha i-azathioprine uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Isikhathi sincike esimweni sakho, ukuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni, nokuthi uyashintshela kwenye imithi.

Udktela wakho ngokuvamile uzonciphisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane kunokuthi uyeke kungazelelwe, okusiza ekuvikeleni isimo sakho ekubhebhethekeni. Le nqubo ingathatha amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga, futhi uzodinga ukuqapha njalo ngalesi sikhathi.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Azathioprine?

Kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-azathioprine, njengoba womabili umuthi notshwala kungathinta isibindi sakho. Ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile kuvame ukulungela abantu abaningi, kodwa ukuphuza njalo noma kakhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga zesibindi.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngalokho okuphephile kuwe ngokuqondile, njengoba lokhu kuncike empilweni yakho yonke, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi isibindi sakho sisebenza kahle kangakanani. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yiliphi izinga lokusetshenziswa kotshwala, uma likhona, elifanele isimo sakho.