Yini i-Azelastine (Indlela ye-Ophthalmic): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

Amathonsi eso e-Azelastine ayimithi ye-antihistamine kadokotela eyenzelwe amehlo akho ngqo. Uma ubhekene namehlo aluma, anamanzi, noma abomvu ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, le mithi inganikeza usizo oluqondiwe ngokuvimba impendulo ye-histamine ebangela lezi zimpawu ezingakhululeki.

Cabanga nge-azelastine njengenduku emnene yamehlo akho. Lapho ama-allergen afana ne-pollen, uthuli, noma izinwele zezilwane ezifuywayo ziqala impendulo yomzimba wakho yokuzivikela, i-histamine iyakhululwa, okubangela ukuvuvukala nokucasuka ezicutshini zamehlo akho. I-Azelastine isebenza ngokuvimbela i-histamine ukuthi ingabophi kuma-receptors emehlweni akho, ngempumelelo imisa ukusabela komzimba ngaphambi kokuthi kubangele ukungakhululeki.

Yini i-Azelastine?

I-Azelastine iyi-antihistamine yesizukulwane sesibili eza ngesimo samathonsi eso sokwelapha i-allergic conjunctivitis. Ngokungafani nama-antihistamine amadala angakwenza ukozela, i-azelastine ifomulwe ukuthi isebenze endaweni emehlweni akho ngaphandle kokubangela ukozela okukhulu noma eminye imiphumela yomzimba wonke.

Umuthi ungowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antagonists akhethiwe e-histamine H1 receptor. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iqondise ngqo kuma-receptors e-histamine ezicutshini zamehlo akho ezibangela ukusabela komzimba. Uma usebenzisa amathonsi eso e-azelastine, uletha umuthi ngqo lapho udingeka khona kakhulu.

I-Azelastine isetshenziswe ngokuphepha iminyaka eminingi futhi ithathwa njengokwelashwa okuthembekile komugqa wokuqala wezifo zamehlo. Isebenza ngempumelelo ikakhulukazi ngoba ayigcini nje ngokuvimba i-histamine kodwa futhi isiza ukuzinzisa amaseli akhulula izinto ezingabangela ukungezwani komzimba, inikeza ukuvikelwa okubili ekusabeleni komzimba.

Yini i-Azelastine Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Amathonsi esamehlo e-Azelastine asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-allergic conjunctivitis, okuyisifo sokuvuvukala kwesembozo esicacile esihlanganisa iso lakho. Lesi simo senzeka lapho amehlo akho ehlangana nama-allergen abangela ukusabela komzimba, okuholela ezimpawini ezingakhululeki ezingaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Umuthi usebenza kahle kuzo zombili izifo ezingamanyala zonyaka nezonyaka. I-Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis ivame ukwenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla lapho inani lempova liphezulu, kanti i-perennial allergic conjunctivitis ingenzeka unyaka wonke ngenxa yama-allergen angaphakathi endlini njengothuli, izinwele zezilwane, noma isikhunta.

Izimpawu ezivamile i-azelastine esiza ukuziqeda zihlanganisa ukuluma okuqhubekayo, ukukhalela ngokweqile, ukubomvu, nokuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo. Ungase futhi uzwe ukusha noma ukugwaza, kanye nomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubambeke esweni lakho. Abanye abantu baqaphela ukukhishwa okuyizintambo noma ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, kokubili okungathuthuka ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome i-azelastine uma une-vasomotor rhinitis ethinta amehlo akho. Lesi simo sihlanganisa ukuvuvukala okungahlobene nokungezwani komzimba okungabangela izimpawu ezifanayo ne-allergic conjunctivitis, nakuba kubangelwa izinto ezicasulayo kunama-allergen.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Azelastine?

I-Azelastine ithathwa njenge-antihistamine enamandla aphakathi nendawo esebenza ngezindlela eziningi ukunikeza ukukhululeka okuphelele ezifweni zamehlo. Lapho ama-allergen engena emehlweni akho, abangela amaseli akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-mast cells ukuthi akhiphe i-histamine nezinye izinto ezivuthayo.

Umuthi usebenza ngokubopha kuma-histamine H1 receptors ezicutshini zamehlo akho, uvimbela i-histamine ekunamatheleni nokubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Lesi senzo sokuvimba senzeka ngokushesha, ngokuvamile sinikeza ukukhululeka phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Umphumela ungahlala amahora amaningi, ukukunikeza induduzo eqhubekayo usuku lonke.

Ngaphandle kokuvimba i-histamine, i-azelastine futhi isiza ukuzinzisa amaseli e-mast, okwenza angakwazi ukukhipha izinto ezivuvukalisayo ekuqaleni. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili senza sisebenze kahle kune-antihistamines elula, njengoba sivimbela futhi selaphe ukusabela komzimba.

Umuthi futhi unezindawo ezilula zokulwa nokuvuvukala, ezingasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobubomvu obuhambisana ne-allergic conjunctivitis. Le nzuzo eyengeziwe isho ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphelele okuqondisa izici eziningi zokuphendula kwakho komzimba.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Azelastine?

Ukuthatha amaconsi e-azelastine iso ngendlela efanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inzuzo enkulu ngenkathi unciphisa noma yimaphi imiphumela engemihle engaba khona. Umthamo ovamile yiconsi elilodwa esweni ngalinye elithintekile kabili ngosuku, nakuba udokotela wakho angalungisa lokhu ngokuya ngezidingo zakho ezithile nobukhulu bezimpawu.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi. Susa amalensi okuxhumana uma uwagqoka, njengoba izinto ezigcina amaconsi esweni zingamuncwa ngamalensi athambile futhi zibangele ukucasuka. Ngokuvamile ungafaka oxhumana nabo emuva cishe ngemizuzu eyi-10 ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi.

Ukuze usebenzise umuthi, thambisa ikhanda lakho kancane futhi udonse kancane isivalo sakho esingezansi ukuze udale iphakethe elincane. Bamba ibhodlela le-dropper libheke phansi, uqaphele ukuthi ungathinti ithiphu esweni lakho noma kunoma iyiphi indawo. Cindezela kancane ukuze ukhulule ithonsi elilodwa ephaketheni, bese uvala iso lakho imizuzwana embalwa ukuze uvumele umuthi ukuthi usabalale.

Ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi, ungacindezela kancane ekhoneni langaphakathi leso lakho eduze kwempumulo yakho cishe iminithi elilodwa. Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi i-punctal occlusion, isiza ukuvimbela umuthi ukuthi ungaphumi ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo.

Akudingeki ukuthi uthathe i-azelastine nokudla ngoba isetshenziswa ngqo emehlweni akho kunokuthathwa ngomlomo. Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa eminye imithi yamehlo, linda okungenani imizuzu eyi-10 phakathi kwamaconsi ahlukene ukuze ungawagezi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Azelastine?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa nge-azelastine sincike esimweni sakho esithile kanye nohlobo lokungezwani komzimba okuhlangenwe nakho. Ezintweni ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ngesizini, ungasebenzisa amaconsi amasonto amaningana ngesikhathi esiphakeme sokungezwani komzimba, kuyilapho ukungezwani komzimba unyaka wonke kungase kudingeke ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokwelashwa, nakuba kungathatha isonto ukuzwa izinzuzo eziphelele. Uma ulungiselela isizini yokungezwani komzimba, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuqala i-azelastine ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuchayeka kuma-allergen ukuze wakhe ukuvikelwa ohlelweni lwakho.

Ezintweni eziqhubekayo zokungezwani komzimba, ngokuvamile unga-azelastine ngokuphepha isikhathi eside ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha. Abanye abantu bayayisebenzisa nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sesizini yabo yokungezwani komzimba, kuyilapho abanye beyisebenzisa njengoba kudingeka lapho izimpawu ziqala. Udokotela wakho uzosiza ukunquma indlela engcono kakhulu esekelwe kuphethini yakho yezimpawu kanye nendlela yokuphila.

Kubalulekile ukungayeki imithi ngokuphazima kweso uma uyisebenzisa njalo, ngoba lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekubuyeni okwesikhashana kwezimpawu. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze unciphise kancane ukusetshenziswa uma ungasayidingi imithi.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Azelastine?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-azelastine eye drops, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi usebenzise imithi ngokuzethemba ngenkathi wazi ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukuba mnene futhi yesikhashana, ithinta indawo yamehlo lapho usebenzisa khona amaconsi:

• Ukuvutha okuncane noma umuzwa wokugwaza ngokushesha ngemva kokusebenzisa
• Ukubona okungacacile kwesikhashana okucacayo ngemizuzu embalwa
• Ukukhalela okukhulu noma amehlo anamanzi
• Ukuqubuka kwamehlo okuncane noma ukubomvu
• Umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okuthile emehlweni akho
• Ikhanda elincane

Le miphumela ejwayelekile ngokuvamile iyathuthuka njengoba amehlo akho ejwayela umuthi, ngokuvamile kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa uqale ukwelashwa. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi, kufanelekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ekhathazayo idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela komzimba ku-azelastine ngokwayo, okungabandakanya ukuvuvukala kwamehlo okukhulu, ukuvutha okukhulu, noma izinguquko ekuboneni ezingathuthuki ngokushesha. Eminye imiphumela engavamile ingabandakanya ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo emehlweni, ukukhipha okungavamile, noma ukuzwela ekukhanyeni okubonakala kubi kunezimpawu zakho zokuqala.

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela yesistimu efana nokozela, ukunambitheka okubabayo emlonyeni, noma ukuminyana emakhaleni, nakuba lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngamaconsi amehlo uma kuqhathaniswa nama-antihistamine omlomo. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ezikukhathazayo, unganqikazi ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Azelastine?

Nakuba i-azelastine ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abaningi, abantu abathile kufanele bagweme lo muthi noma bawuse ngokucophelela okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-azelastine ifanele isimo sakho.

Akufanele usebenzise i-azelastine uma uke waba nokusabela komzimba kuyo esikhathini esidlule. Izimpawu zokusabela komzimba zihlanganisa ukuvuvukala kwamehlo okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi. Uma uke waba nokusabela kwamanye ama-antihistamine, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala i-azelastine.

Abantu abanezimo zamehlo ezithile bangase badinge ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Uma unesifo samehlo esisebenzayo, ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwakamuva, noma i-dry eye syndrome eqinile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe. Izinto ezivikela ukugcinwa kwemithi ekuqanjweni kwamanye amaconsi samehlo ngezinye izikhathi zingase zikwenze kube kubi kakhulu ukugula kwamehlo okuthile.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngokusebenzisa i-azelastine nodokotela wabo. Ngenkathi umuthi ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengophephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho angasiza ekulinganiseni izinzuzo ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona esimweni sakho esithile.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala akufanele zisebenzise amaconsi samehlo e-azelastine ngaphandle uma zibhalwe ngqo ngudokotela wezingane. Ukuphepha nokusebenza ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu akukamiswanga kahle, futhi ukulinganisa kungaba yinselelo kulolu hlu lweminyaka.

Amagama e-Brand ye-Azelastine

Amaconsi samehlo e-Azelastine atholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana e-brand, i-Optivar iyona engavamile ukubhalwa e-United States. Lokhu kuqanjwa kwegama le-brand liqukethe i-0.05% ye-azelastine hydrochloride futhi yakhelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwe-ophthalmic.

Amanye amagama e-brand ongahlangana nawo afaka i-Allergodil kwamanye amazwe, nakuba ukutholakala kuhluka ngokuya ngendawo. Izinhlobo ze-generic zamaconsi samehlo e-azelastine nazo ziyatholakala futhi ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njengezinhlobo zegama le-brand.

Lapho uthatha umuthi wakho, ungase uqaphele umehluko omncane ekupakisheni noma ekubukekeni phakathi kwama-brand, kodwa amandla omuthi nokusebenza kufanele kube okulinganayo. Uma ushintshwa phakathi kwama-brand, ungakhathazeki - umphumela wokwelapha kufanele uhlale unjalo.

Njalo hlola nomuthi wakho uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi iyiphi inguqulo oyitholayo, ikakhulukazi uma ukupakisha kubukeka kuhluke kulokho okujwayelekile. Bangaqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umuthi ofanele namandla.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Azelastine

Uma i-azelastine ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma idala imiphumela engathandeki, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingasiza ekuphatheni izifo zakho zamehlo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zinketho ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho ezithile kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ezinye izidakamizwa zamehlo ze-antihistamine zihlanganisa i-olopatadine (Patanol, Pataday) kanye ne-ketotifen (Zaditor, Alaway). Le mithi isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-azelastine kodwa ingase ithandwe kangcono ngabanye abantu. I-Olopatadine, ikakhulukazi, ivame ukukhethwa ngoba itholakala ngamafomula okusetshenziswa kanye ngosuku.

Izinto ezizinzisayo zamaseli e-Mast njenge-cromolyn sodium (Crolom) noma i-nedocromil (Alocril) zinikeza enye indlela. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela amaseli e-mast ukuthi angakhiphi i-histamine ekuqaleni, kunokuvimba i-histamine ngemuva kokukhishwa kwayo. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezifo ezibikezelwayo zonyaka.

Ngezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa kokubili ama-antihistamines kanye nezinto ezizinzisayo zamaseli e-mast. Amaconsi amehlo e-corticosteroid angenye inketho yezimo eziqhubekayo, nakuba ngokuvamile agcinelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana ngenxa yemiphumela engaba khona.

Izindlela ezingezona zemithi nazo zingaba usizo, okuhlanganisa ama-compresses abandayo, izinyembezi ezingokwemvelo zokuqeda ama-allergens, kanye nokuguqulwa kwemvelo ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kuma-allergen. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuhlanganisa lezi zindlela nemithi kunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Ingabe i-Azelastine ingcono kune-Olopatadine?

Kokubili i-azelastine ne-olopatadine ziyizidakamizwa zamehlo ze-antihistamine eziphumelelayo zokwelapha i-allergic conjunctivitis, kodwa zinezinye izinto ezingenza enye ifaneleke kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingafani kungakusiza kanye nodokotela wakho ukuthi nenze ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu.

I-Azelastine ngokuvamile idinga ukuthathwa kabili ngosuku, kanti i-olopatadine itholakala ngezindlela zokuthathwa kanye ngosuku (Pataday) kanye nasezinhlotsheni zokuthathwa kabili ngosuku (Patanol). Ezindleleni zokuphila ezimatasa, ukulula kokuthatha kanye ngosuku kungaba yinzuzo enkulu, kuthuthukisa ukuthobela nokusebenza kahle.

Mayelana nemiphumela emibi, yomibili imithi ivame ukubekezeleleka kahle, kodwa abanye abantu bathola ukuthi i-olopatadine ibangela ukushisa okuncane ekuqaleni noma ukusha lapho isetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, abanye bangase bathole ukukhululeka okungcono kwezimpawu nge-mechanism ye-azelastine ephindwe kabili esebenzayo ehlanganisa ukuzinza kwamaselula e-mast.

Izindleko zingaba yinto okufanele icatshangelwe, njengoba izinhlobo ezivamile zemithi yomibili zitholakala, nakuba intengo ingahluka ngokuya ngomshuwalense wakho kanye nekhemisi. Akukho mithi eyodwa

Uma ngabe usebenzise ngaphezu komthamo onconyiwe wamaconsi eso e-azelastine ngengozi, ungesabi. Ukusebenzisa iconsi elilodwa noma amabili engeziwe akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu, yize ungase uzwe ukucasuka kwamehlo okwandayo noma ukubhoboza.

Geza amehlo akho ngamanzi ahlanzekile uma uzwa ukungakhululeki okukhulu. Uma ngabe usebenzise ngengozi okuningi kakhulu kunokuhlosiwe noma uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengokushintsha kombono, ubuhlungu bamehlo, noma izimpawu zokuphendula komzimba, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma funa ukwelashwa. Ngokweqile okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ingane ingena ngengozi emuthini, shayela ukulawulwa kwezinto ezinobuthi noma funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Azelastine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-azelastine, uyisebenzise ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho yokulinganisa ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uphinde imithamo ukuze ulungise eyodwa ephuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngenzuzo eyengeziwe. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabanga ukusetha isikhumbuzi sefoni noma ukuhlobanisa umuthi nomkhuba wansuku zonke njengokuxubha amazinyo akho.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Azelastine?

Ngokuvamile ungaqeda ukuthatha i-azelastine lapho izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba sezixazululiwe noma lapho ungasathintwa yizinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho. Ezintweni zokungezwani komzimba zesizini, lokhu kungase kube sekupheleni kwesizini ye-pollen, ngenkathi ezintweni zokungezwani komzimba zonyaka wonke, ungase udinge ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Uma ubelokhu usebenzisa i-azelastine njalo isikhathi eside, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke uzwe ukubuyela emuva kwezimpawu. Abanye abantu bayazuza ekunciphiseni kancane ukusetshenziswa kunokuyeka kungazelelwe, ikakhulukazi uma bebelokhu besebenzisa umuthi izinyanga.

Ngingayisebenzisa i-Azelastine ngamalensi okuxhumana?

Kufanele ukhiphe amalensi akho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi e-azelastine emehlweni bese ulinda okungenani imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokuwabuyisela. Izinto ezilondolozayo ezisetshenziswa emaconsini emehlweni zingangeniswa ngamalensi athambile, okungenzeka kubangele ukucasuka noma ukungakhululeki.

Uma ugqoka amalensi njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela ezingenazo izinto ezilondolozayo noma cabangela ukushintshela kumalensi alahlwayo nsuku zonke ngezikhathi zonyaka lapho izifo zokungezwani komzimba ziningi. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuphatha izifo zabo zamehlo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba empeleni kwenza ukugqoka amalensi kube lula ngokujwayelekile.