Yini i-Aztreonam: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Aztreonam iyisibulala-magciwane esinconywayo esisetshenziswa odokotela ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ingaphansi kohlobo olukhethekile lwezibulala-magciwane olubizwa ngokuthi ama-monobactam, asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuno-penicillin kanye nezinye izibulala-magciwane ezivamile.

Lo muthi unikezwa ngomugqa we-IV (intravenous) noma njengesijovo emsipheni wakho. Ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokuvamile lizosebenzisa i-aztreonam lapho ezinye izibulala-magciwane zingasebenzanga noma lapho une-infection ebangelwa amagciwane amelana nezindlela eziningi zokwelapha.

Isetshenziselwani i-Aztreonam?

I-Aztreonam ilapha ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezibangelwa amagciwane ezingaba yingozi ekuphileni uma zingelashwa. Odokotela bayayibhala lapho bedinga isibulala-magciwane esinamandla esingafinyelela ezindaweni ezinamagciwane ngegazi lakho.

Lo muthi usebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi amagciwane e-gram-negative. Lawa magciwane anegobolondo elivikelayo elingaphandle elenza kube nzima ukuwelapha ngezibulala-magciwane ezivamile.

Izifo ezivamile ezelashwa nge-aztreonam zihlanganisa:

• Umkhuhlane wamaphaphu kanye nezinye izifo ezingathi sína zamaphaphu
• Izifo zomgudu womchamo ezisabalale ezinso zakho
• Izifo zesisu, okuhlanganisa lezo ezithinta amathumbu akho noma isibindi
• Izifo zesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile eziye zangena ngaphakathi
• Izifo zegazi (sepsis)
• Izifo zamathambo namalunga

Udokotela wakho angase futhi asebenzise i-aztreonam uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-penicillin noma ezinye izibulala-magciwane ze-beta-lactam. Kuthathwa njengokuphephile kubantu abanokungezwani komzimba nalokhu ngoba inesakhiwo samakhemikhali esihlukile.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Aztreonam?

I-Aztreonam iyisibulala-magciwane esinamandla esisebenza ngokudiliza izindonga zamaseli amagciwane. Cabanga ngezindonga zamaseli amagciwane njengegobolondo elivikelayo elizungeze iqanda - lapho i-aztreonam ilimaza leli gobolondo, amagciwane awasengakwazi ukusinda.

Lo muthi uqondise ngqo i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-transpeptidase edingwa amagciwane ukuze akhe futhi alondoloze izindonga zawo zamaseli. Lapho i-aztreonam ivimba le enzyme, amagciwane aqala ukuwohloka futhi afe.

Okuhlukanisa i-aztreonam ukuthi ithinta kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane. Isebenza kahle kakhulu kumagciwane e-gram-negative kodwa ayisebenzi kumagciwane e-gram-positive noma amakhowe. Le ndlela eqondisiwe ingaba usizo uma udokotela wakho azi kahle ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka onalo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Aztreonam?

I-Aztreonam ihlinzekwa njalo ochwepheshe bezempilo esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Ngeke uthathe lo muthi ekhaya ngoba udinga ukulungiswa usha futhi unikezwe ngomugqa we-IV noma umjovo.

Umnakekeli wakho noma udokotela uzokunika i-aztreonam ngomthambo (ngokungena emthanjeni) noma njengomjovo emsipheni omkhulu, ngokuvamile ezinqeni zakho noma ethangeni. Indlela ye-IV ivamile ekuthelelekeni okukhulu ngoba iletha umuthi ngokushesha egazini lakho.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthatha lo muthi nokudla ngoba uqondiswe ngqo egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlala unamanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza izinso zakho ukuthi zisebenze umuthi ngempumelelo.

Umuthi uvame ukunikezwa njalo ngamahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-12, kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kunzima kangakanani nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani ekwelashweni. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi lingashintsha isikhathi ngokuya ngenqubekela phambili yakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Aztreonam?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwakho nge-aztreonam buxhomeke ohlotsheni nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho. Abantu abaningi bathola lo muthi izinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-14, kodwa okunye ukutheleleka kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ubude obuqondile ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kuphendula ngokushesha kangakanani, hlobo luni lwamagciwane olubangela inkinga, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu noma izifo zamaphaphu, ungase udinge i-aztreonam izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14. Ukutheleleka ngamathumbu omchamo kuvame ukudinga izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10 zokwelashwa. Ukutheleleka okuyinkimbinkimbi njengalezo eziswini sakho noma emathanjeni kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa amasonto amaningana.

Kubalulekile ukuqeda lonke uhlelo lokwelashwa ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Ukuyeka umuthi wokulwa namagciwane ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela ukutheleleka ukuthi kubuye kube namandla futhi kube nokumelana nokwelashwa.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Aztreonam?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-aztreonam ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi iyanyamalala uma ukwelashwa kwakho kuqediwe.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ububomvu endaweni yokujova
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ukukhathazeka ikhanda
• Isiyezi
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha nganoma yiziphi izimo futhi linganikeza ukwelashwa ukusiza ukuphatha imiphumela emibi engakhululekile.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu okunezinkinga zokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni nasemqaleni wakho
• Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu okungase kube negazi
• Ukulimala noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo akho
• Ukudideka noma ukuhlaselwa

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína eyenzeka kubantu abangaphansi kuka-1% abathatha i-aztreonam. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, izinkinga zesibindi, kanye nezinguquko ekubalweni kwamaseli egazi lakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukuqapha njalo nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Aztreonam?

I-Aztreonam ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abaningi, kodwa kunezimo ezithile lapho udokotela wakho angase akhethe elinye i-antibiotic. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi ngabe wake waba nokusabela komzimba ku-aztreonam esikhathini esidlule.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge imithamo elungisiwe noma ukuqapha okuseduze. Njengoba izinso zakho zisiza ukususa i-aztreonam emzimbeni wakho, ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso kungabangela ukuthi umuthi wakheke emazingeni aphezulu.

Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele uma une:

• Umlando wesifo esinzima sesibindi
• Ukuphazamiseka kokopha noma ukwehla kwamaplatelet
• Umlando wokuhlaselwa yisithuthwane noma izifo zobuchopho
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo njengesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngamabele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ngenkathi i-aztreonam ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzolinganisela izinzuzo ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona kumntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Aztreonam

I-Aztreonam itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Azactam iyona evame kakhulu e-United States. Ungase futhi uyibone ibizwa nge-Cayston, okuyifomu elikhethekile eliphefumulwayo elisetshenziselwa izifo zamaphaphu kubantu abane-cystic fibrosis.

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-aztreonam nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Isibhedlela sakho noma umtholampilo uzosebenzisa noma iyiphi inguqulo abanayo, futhi zonke izinhlobo ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Aztreonam

Uma i-aztreonam ingeyona inketho efanele yokutheleleka kwakho, udokotela wakho unezinye izindlela eziningi ezinamandla zama-antibiotics okufanele azicabangele. Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike ohlotsheni lwebhaktheriya olubangela ukutheleleka kwakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zifaka ama-fluoroquinolones afana ne-ciprofloxacin noma i-levofloxacin, engelapha izifo eziningi ezifanayo ne-aztreonam. Kwezinye izifo, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ama-aminoglycosides afana ne-gentamicin noma i-tobramycin.

Ama-antibiotics e-carbapenem afana ne-meropenem noma i-imipenem enye inketho yezifo ezinzima. Le mithi isebenza ngokumelene nohlu olubanzi lwamabhaktheriya kune-aztreonam kodwa ingase ibe nemiphumela emibi ehlukene.

Udkt wakho uzokhetha enye indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, okuhlanganisa noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ekhomba amabhaktheriya abangela ukutheleleka kwakho.

Ingabe i-Aztreonam Ingcono Kune-Ceftriaxone?

I-Aztreonam ne-ceftriaxone zombili ziyizibulala-magciwane ezinamandla, kodwa zisebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezihlukene zamabhaktheriya. Akukho noyedwa othi “ungcono” ngokujwayelekile - ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ekuthelelekeni kwakho okuthile kanye nesimo sezokwelapha.

I-Ceftriaxone ingeyeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-cephalosporin futhi isebenza ngokumelene namabhaktheriya ama-gram-positive kanye nama-gram-negative. Lokhu kuyenza ibe wusizo ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo lapho odokotela bengaqiniseki ukuthi yimaphi amabhaktheriya abawelaphayo.

I-Aztreonam, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenza kuphela ngokumelene namabhaktheriya ama-gram-negative kodwa isebenza kahle kakhulu ngalezi zinhlobo ezithile. Ivame ukukhethwa lapho ezinye izibulala-magciwane zingasebenzi noma uma ungezwani nemithi yohlobo lwe-penicillin.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-aztreonam yiphrofayili yayo yokuphepha kubantu abanezifo ze-penicillin. I-Ceftriaxone ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukungezwani komzimba kubantu abangezwani ne-penicillin, kuyilapho i-aztreonam ngokuvamile iphephile kulaba bantu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Aztreonam

Q1. Ingabe i-Aztreonam Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zezinso?

I-Aztreonam ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa udkt wakho cishe uzolungisa umthamo futhi akuqaphele eduze. Njengoba izinso zakho zisiza ukususa i-aztreonam emzimbeni wakho, ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso kusho ukuthi umuthi uhlala esimisweni sakho isikhathi eside.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi lingaqhubeka nokugada ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho ngama-antibiotics. Bangase bakunikeze imithamo emincane noma bahlukanise imithamo ukuze bavimbele imithi ukuthi ingaqongeleli emazingeni ayingozi.

Umbuzo 2. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Nginokuphendula komzimba ku-Aztreonam?

Uma uba nezimpawu zokuphendula komzimba ngenkathi uthola i-aztreonam, tshela iqembu lakho lezempilo ngokushesha. Ukusabela okuncane njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba kuvame ukuphathwa ngama-antihistamines ngenkathi uqhubeka nokwelashwa kwakho.

Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho noma umphimbo, isiyezi esikhulu, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Njengoba uthola i-aztreonam endaweni yezokwelapha, iqembu lakho lezempilo lilungele ukubhekana nalezi zimo ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Umbuzo 3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqa Umthamo We-Aztreonam?

Njengoba i-aztreonam inikezwa ochwepheshe bezempilo esibhedlela noma ekliniki, ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokweqa imithamo ngokwakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilandela isimiso esiqinile ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi uthola umthamo ngamunye ngesikhathi esifanele.

Uma ngasizathu esithile umthamo uhlehliswa ngenxa yezinqubo zezokwelapha noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, iqembu lakho lezempilo lizolungisa isimiso sakho ngokufanele. Bazoqinisekisa ukuthi usathola inkambo ephelele yokwelashwa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kudingani.

Umbuzo 4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Aztreonam?

Udokotela wakho uzoquma ukuthi uyeka nini ukwelashwa kwakho nge-aztreonam ngokusekelwe ekutheni ukutheleleka kwakho kuphendula kahle kangakanani. Bazobheka izinto ezifana nezimpawu zakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi, nanoma yiziphi izifundo zokuthwebula izithombe ukunquma ukuthi ukutheleleka kulawulwa nini.

Ungalokothi ucele ukuyeka imithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono kakhulu. Ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya kungabuyela ngamandla uma kungaqedwa ngokuphelele, futhi ukuyeka ama-antibiotics ngokushesha kungaholela ekumelaneni nama-antibiotics.

Q5. Ngingawuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Aztreonam?

Ngenkathi i-aztreonam ingahlangani ngqo notshwala, ngokuvamile kungcono ukugwema ukuphuza ngenkathi welashwa ukutheleleka okukhulu. Utshwala bungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nokutheleleka futhi bungase lenze ezinye izinto ezingezinhle zibe zimbi njengokucasuka noma isiyezi.

Umzimba wakho udinga wonke amandla nezinsiza zawo ukulwa nokutheleleka nokuphola. Utshwala bungase futhi lithinte ikhono lesibindi sakho lokucubungula imithi futhi lungaphazamisa ukulala kwakho nokululama. Gxila ekuhlaliseni amanzi ngamanzi futhi uthole ukuphumula okuningi esikhundleni salokho.