Yini i-Belantamab Mafodotin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Belantamab mafodotin iyikhambi lomdlavuza eliqondiswe ngqo elenzelwe ukwelapha i-multiple myeloma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi. Lokhu kwelashwa okusha kusebenza ngokuletha i-chemotherapy ngqo emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza ngenkathi kusindiswa izicubu ezinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho unikezwe lo muthi, cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi usebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Ake sihambe kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngalokhu kwelashwa komdlavuza okukhethekile ngamagama alula, acacile.

Yini i-Belantamab Mafodotin?

I-Belantamab mafodotin iyi-antibody-drug conjugate, okusho ukuthi ihlanganisa i-antibody eqondiwe nomuthi onamandla we-chemotherapy. Cabanga ngayo njenge-missile eqondisiwe efuna amangqamuzana omdlavuza athile futhi ilethe ukwelashwa ngqo kuwo.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba esisha sokwelashwa komdlavuza okuhlose ukuba kunembe kakhulu kune-chemotherapy yendabuko. Inikezwa nge-IV infusion, ngokuvamile esibhedlela noma esikhungweni esikhethekile sokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuvunywe ngokuqondile kubantu abadala abane-multiple myeloma asebevele bazamile okungenani ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezine. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela le nketho kuphela ngemva kokuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi kahle njengoba bekulindelekile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Belantamab Mafodotin?

I-Belantamab mafodotin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-relapsed noma i-refractory multiple myeloma kubantu abadala. I-Multiple myeloma ngumdlavuza othinta amaseli e-plasma, okuyizicubu ezibalulekile ezilwa nokutheleleka emnkantshubeni wakho.

Igama elithi "relapsed" lisho ukuthi umdlavuza ubuyile ngemva kokwelashwa, kuyilapho elithi "refractory" lisho ukuthi alizange lisabele kahle ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini. Lo muthi ngokuvamile ugcinelwe abantu asebevele bazamile ezinye izindlela zokwelapha eziningana.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzocabangela lokhu kwelashwa uma usuvele wathola okungenani ukwelashwa okune ngaphambili, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezithile zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-immunomodulatory agents, ama-proteasome inhibitors, kanye nama-anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies. Yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi ukwelashwa "kwemigqa emuva".

Isebenza Kanjani I-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Le mithi isebenza ngokugxila kuphrothini ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-BCMA etholakala ebusweni bamaseli e-multiple myeloma. Ingxenye ye-antibody yomuthi isebenza njengokhiye olungela ngqo kulokhu okhiye kwamaseli omdlavuza.

Uma i-antibody isinamathele eseleni lomdlavuza, iletha umuthi we-chemotherapy onamandla ngqo ngaphakathi kweseli. Le ndlela eqondiwe isiza ukubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza ngenkathi kungenzeka ukuthi idala ukulimala okuncane kumaseli anempilo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-chemotherapy yendabuko.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengenketho yokwelashwa enamandla, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi iqondiwe kakhulu, ingase idale imiphumela emincane ebanzi ongayilindela ku-chemotherapy evamile. Kodwa-ke, ingase isadale imiphumela emibi ebalulekile edinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Uzothola i-belantamab mafodotin ngokufakwa kwe-IV esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokwelashwa komdlavuza. Umuthi unikezwa kanye njalo emavikini amathathu, futhi ukufakwa ngakunye kuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 ukuqedela.

Ngaphambi kokufakwa ngakunye, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela ukusabela komzimba. Lokhu kungabandakanya ama-antihistamines, ama-corticosteroids, kanye nezinto ezinciphisa umkhuhlane. Akudingeki ukuthi wenze lutho olukhethekile ngokudla noma isiphuzo ngaphambi kokwelashwa.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi nangemva kokufakwa ngakunye nganoma yiziphi izindlela eziphuthumayo. Bazophinda bahlole ukubalwa kwegazi lakho kanye namanye amanani e-lab abalulekile njalo ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi umzimba wakho uyayisingatha kahle le mithi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-belantamab mafodotin kuncike ekutheni umdlavuza wakho usabela kahle kangakanani nokuthi ukumelana kanjani nemithi. Abanye abantu bangase bathole ukwelashwa izinyanga eziningana, kanti abanye bangase baqhubeke unyaka noma ngaphezulu.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzohlola njalo ukusabela kwakho ekwelashweni ngezivivinyo zegazi, ukuskena kwezithombe, nokuhlolwa komzimba. Bazoqhubeka nomuthi uma nje usiza ukulawula umdlavuza wakho futhi imiphumela emibi isalawuleka.

Ukwelashwa kungase kudingeke kumiswe noma kulibazise uma uneziphumela ezingathi sína, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zamehlo noma ukwehla okukhulu kwamaseli egazi. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokulwa nomdlavuza nokugcina izinga lempilo yakho.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza, i-belantamab mafodotin ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Umphumela omubi kakhulu ukulimala kwe-cornea yamehlo akho, okungathinta umbono wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuthi sixoxe ngemiphumela emibi, sicela wazi ukuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Banamasu okulawula le miphumela futhi bazolungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zamehlo, okuhlanganisa umbono ongacacile, amehlo omile, nokulimala kwe-corneal
• Ukubala okuphansi kwamaseli egazi, okungandisa ingozi yokutheleleka
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Isicanucanu nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma
• Umkhuhlane namakhaza

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína kodwa engavamile ihlanganisa:

• Umonakalo omkhulu we-corneal ongaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono
• Ukutheleleka okungathi sína ngenxa yokubala okuphansi kwamaseli egazi amhlophe
• Izinkinga zokuphuma igazi ngenxa yokubala okuphansi kwamaplatelet
• Ukuphendula okungathi sína komzimba ngesikhathi sokufakwa
• Izinkinga zesibindi

Izinkinga zamehlo zifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ngoba ziyizinto eziyingqayizivele kakhulu futhi ezingaba yingozi yomphumela waleli khambi. Udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokuhlela ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo nochwepheshe ukuze aqaphe ama-corneas akho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Belantamab Mafodotin?

I-Belantamab mafodotin ayifanele wonke umuntu one-multiple myeloma. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho yonke kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Akufanele uthole le mithi uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani ne-belantamab mafodotin noma yiziphi izithako zayo. Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele uma unezinkinga zamehlo ezikhona ngaphambili noma izifo ezithile zegazi.

Izinto ezikhethekile zisebenza uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Le mithi ingalimaza umntwana ongakazalwa, ngakho-ke ukuhlela umndeni okuthembekile kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nasezinyangeni eziningana ngemuva kwalokho.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinzima zezinso noma zesibindi bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma bangase bangabi ngabazongenela lokhu kwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza amanani akho elebhu kanye nesimo sempilo yakho yonke ngaphambi kokwenza izincomo.

Igama Lomkhiqizo Le-Belantamab Mafodotin

Igama lomkhiqizo le-belantamab mafodotin yi-Blenrep. Leli yigama ozolibona kumalebula akho emithi kanye nemibhalo yomshuwalense.

I-Blenrep yenziwa yi-GlaxoSmithKline futhi yavunywa yi-FDA ngonyaka ka-2020. Njengamanje yilona kuphela uhlobo olutholakalayo lwale mithi ethile.

Lapho ukhuluma ngokwelashwa kwakho nabahlinzeki bezempilo noma izinkampani zomshuwalense, ungase uzwe womabili la magama esetshenziswa ngokushintshana. Igama elivamile lithi belantamab mafodotin-blmf, kanti igama lomkhiqizo lithi Blenrep.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha Nge-Belantamab Mafodotin

Uma i-belantamab mafodotin ingakulungele noma iyeka ukusebenza, ziningi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-multiple myeloma. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzocabangela isimo sakho esithile kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphambilini lapho encoma ezinye izindlela.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezihloswe ngqo zihlanganisa i-CAR-T cell therapy, esebenzisa amaseli akho omzimba okungenama ngci avuselelwe ukulwa nomdlavuza. Kukhona futhi ama-antibody-drug conjugates amasha kanye nezinketho ze-immunotherapy ezisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-belantamab mafodotin.

Ukwelashwa kwendabuko okufana nokuhlanganiswa kwe-chemotherapy, ukufakelwa kwamaseli esiqu, noma i-radiation therapy kungase futhi kube izinketho kuye ngezimo zakho. Izivivinyo zemitholampilo eziphenya ngemithi emisha zingahlinzeka ngendawo yokwelashwa okusha okungakatholakali kabanzi.

Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike ezintweni ezifana nokwelashwa kwakho kwangaphambilini, impilo yonke, iminyaka, kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuhlola zonke izinketho ezifanele.

Ingabe i-Belantamab Mafodotin Ingcono Kunezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha I-Multiple Myeloma?

I-Belantamab mafodotin inikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele kubantu abane-multiple myeloma ebelashwe kakhulu, kodwa ukuthi

Udaktela wakho we-oncologist uzocabangela uhlobo lwakho oluthile lwe-multiple myeloma, ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini, isimo sakho sempilo yamanje, kanye nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho unquma ukuthi le yindlela engcono kakhulu kuwe ngalesi sikhathi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Belantamab Mafodotin

Ingabe i-Belantamab Mafodotin iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

Abantu abanezinkinga zezinso bangakwazi ukuthola i-belantamab mafodotin, kodwa badinga ukuqashwa okuseduze. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo futhi angase alungise isimiso sakho sokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

I-Multiple myeloma ngokwayo ingathinta ukusebenza kwezinso, ngakho udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzosebenza nochwepheshe wezinso uma kudingeka. Bazolinganisela izinzuzo zokwelapha umdlavuza wakho ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingase zibe khona ezinso zakho.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngengozi umthamo we-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Njengoba i-belantamab mafodotin inikezwa endaweni enezokwelapha ezilawulwayo, ngeke uphuthelwe ngengozi umthamo ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ukuhlela kabusha ukuqokwa kwakho, xhumana nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa komdlavuza ngokushesha okukhulu.

Bazosebenza nawe ukuze bahlele kabusha ukumnika kwakho ngokusondela ngangokunokwenzeka esimisweni sakho sokuqala. Ungazami ukwenza umthamo olibazisekile ngokuthi uwuthole ngokushesha kunokuhlelelwe.

Ngingenzani uma nginezinguquko embonweni ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Xhumana nethimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni, okuhlanganisa umbono ongacacile, ubuhlungu emehlweni, noma ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zomonakalo we-corneal, odinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Ithimba lakho lokwelapha lizohlela ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphuthumayo futhi lingase lidingeke ukuthi lime ukwelashwa kwakho kuze kube yilapho amehlo akho ehlolwa. Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwezinkinga zamehlo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezingathi sína.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-belantamab mafodotin ngokwakho. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzoqoka lesi sinqumo ngokusekelwe ekutheni umdlavuza wakho usabela kahle kangakanani emithini nokuthi uyayithwala kanjani imithi.

Ukwelashwa kungayekiswa uma umdlavuza wakho uqhubeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa, uma uba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, noma uma ufinyelela ekutheni umdlavuza wakho ushabalale ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngalezi zinqumo nawe kuyo yonke inkambo yakho yokwelashwa.

Ngingashayela Ngemva Kokuthola I-Belantamab Mafodotin?

Kufanele uqaphele ngokuqhubeka nokushayela, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nezinguquko embonweni noma ukukhathala. Umuthi ungabangela ukubona okungacacile nezinye izinkinga zamehlo ezingathinta ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha.

Cela othile akushayelele ekuqaleni nasekuphumeni kwemithamo yakho yokuqala kuze kube yilapho wazi ukuthi umuthi ukuthinta kanjani. Njalo qinisekisa ukuphepha futhi ungashayeli uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zombono noma uzizwa ukhathele ngokungavamile.