Yini i-Bupropion: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Bupropion iyimithi kadokotela esebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunamanye ama-antidepressants ukusiza ukuthuthukisa imizwa nokusekela impilo yengqondo. Le mithi eguquguqukayo ingeyeqembu eliyingqayizivele lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-antidepressants angajwayelekile, okusho ukuthi isebenza ngezindlela zobuchopho ezehlukile kunezinketho zendabuko. Ungase uyazi ngamagama omkhiqizo afana ne-Wellbutrin noma i-Zyban, futhi isize abantu ukulawula ukucindezeleka nokuyeka ukubhema amashumi eminyaka.

Okuhlukanisa i-bupropion ukuthi ivame ukuba namandla kakhulu kunokuthulisa, okuyenza ibe yindlela enhle kubantu abazizwa belula noma bekhathele ngokucindezeleka kwabo. Futhi inemiphumela emincane yocansi uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-antidepressants amaningi, okungaba yinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe ngempilo yakho yonke.

Yini i-Bupropion?

I-Bupropion iyimithi ye-antidepressant ethinta amakhemikhali ebuchosheni bakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters, ikakhulukazi i-dopamine ne-norepinephrine. Ngokungafani namanye ama-antidepressants amaningi asebenza ikakhulukazi ku-serotonin, i-bupropion ithatha indlela ehlukile ngokuthuthukisa lawa makhemikhali

I-Bupropion ngokuyinhloko inikezelwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nesifo sokucindezeleka esenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka (SAD), okuyisifo sokucindezeleka esenzeka ngezinkathi ezithile, ngokuvamile ebusika. Iphinde yamukelwe njengosizo lokuyeka ukubhema ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Zyban, lisiza abantu ukuthi bakhululeke ekuluthweni i-nicotine ngokunciphisa ukulangazelela nezimpawu zokuhoxisa.

Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi banikeza i-bupropion ezinye izimo uma kufanelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sokungahambi kahle kokunaka (ADHD), ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala, futhi njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe kubantu abangazange baphumelele ngokugcwele ekucindezelekeni kwabo ngeminye imithi yokucindezeleka. Abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo bayayisebenzisa futhi ukusiza ngokuphatha isisindo, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni isisindo esincane kunokuzuza isisindo okuhlotshaniswa neminye imithi eminingi yokucindezeleka.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-bupropion ingase icatshangelwe ukwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle ngokocansi okubangelwa eminye imithi yokucindezeleka, ukukhathala okungapheli, noma izinhlobo ezithile zobuhlungu obungapheli. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvamile futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Bupropion?

I-Bupropion isebenza ngokuvimbela ubuchopho bakho ukuthi bungamunci i-dopamine ne-norepinephrine ngokushesha kakhulu, ivumela lezi zithunywa zemizwa ezibalulekile ukuthi zihlale zisebenza isikhathi eside. Cabanga ngayo njengokugcina izimpawu

Ukuqeda ukubhema, i-bupropion inciphisa ukulangazelela i-nicotine nezimpawu zokuhoxisa ngokuthinta izindlela zobuchopho ezifanayo ezihlosiwe yi-nicotine. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili emoyeni nasekuluthweni senza kube ngempumelelo ikakhulukazi kubantu ababhemayo futhi abahlupheka nokucindezeleka.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Bupropion?

Thatha i-bupropion ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku kuye ngendlela yokulungiswa. Uhlobo olukhishwe ngokushesha ngokuvamile luthathwa izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngosuku, kuyilapho amafomu akhishwe isikhathi eside ngokuvamile ethathwa kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Hlukanisa imithamo yakho okungenani ngamahora angu-6 ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yizithuthwane, okuyinto ebalulekile yokuphepha ngalo muthi.

Ungathatha i-bupropion ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa isisu uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini. Gwinya amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside wonke ngaphandle kokuwachoboza, ukuwahlafuna, noma ukuwaqhekeza, ngoba lokhu kungakhipha umuthi omningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nomphathi wakho wamaphilisi mayelana nezinketho zakho.

Zama ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuthatha i-bupropion ekuseni noma emini ngoba ingashukumisa futhi ingaphazamisa ukulala uma ithathwa sekwephuze kakhulu ngosuku.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Bupropion?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwe-bupropion buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho somuntu ngamunye nokuthi yisiphi isimo osiphathayo. Ngokucindezeleka, abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha umuthi okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu zabo zithuthuke ukuvimbela ukuphindeka. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi uma beke baba neziqephu eziningi zokucindezeleka.

Uma usebenzisa i-bupropion ukuqeda ukubhema, inkambo yokwelashwa ejwayelekile yamasonto angu-7 kuya kwangu-12, nakuba abanye abantu bezuza ekwelashweni okude. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoncoma ukuqala umuthi cishe ngesonto elilodwa ngaphambi kosuku lwakho oluhleliwe lokuyeka ukubhema ukuze wakhe amazinga asebenzayo emzimbeni wakho.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-bupropion ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Nakuba ingabangeli izimpawu zokuhoxisa ezifanayo njengamanye ama-antidepressants, ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubuyeleni kwezimpawu zokucindezeleka noma ukwanda kwengozi yokuhlaselwa yizifo ezingavamile. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unciphise kancane kancane uma sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka umuthi.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Bupropion?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-bupropion ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi unxelelane nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa umlomo owomile, isicanucanu, ubunzima bokulala, isiyezi, nekhanda elibuhlungu. Le miphumela ivame ukuba milde futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Ukuqunjelwa kanye nezinguquko ekunambithekeni nakho kuvamile kodwa kulawuleka.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ehlelwe ngokuthi ivela kaningi kangakanani:

Imiphumela emibi evamile (ethinta ngaphezu kuka-10% wabantu):

• Umlomo owomile
• Isicanucanu
• Ukungalali noma ubunzima bokulala
• Isiyezi
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ephawulekayo:

• Ukukhathazeka noma ukucasuka
• Ukuncipha kwesisindo
• Umbono ongacacile
• Ukujuluka okwengeziwe
• Ukukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus)
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ushintsho ekudleni

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukuhlaselwa (kwenzeka ngaphansi kuka-1% wabantu ngemithamo enconyiwe)
• Ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba okunezinduna, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ushintsho olukhulu lwemizwa, okuhlanganisa imicabango yokuzilimaza
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinamandla elinoshintsho embonweni

Imiphumela eminingi engemihle ingalawulwa ngamasu alula afana nokuhlala unamanzi ngomlomo owomile, ukuthatha imithi ekuseni ngezinkinga zokulala, noma ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvame ukudliwa ngesicanucanu. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angahlinzeka ngeziphakamiso ezithile ngokusekelwe kulokho okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Bupropion?

I-Bupropion ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi zikhona izimo ezithile lapho inganconyiwe ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha. Ukuphikisana okubaluleke kakhulu umlando wokuhlaselwa noma izimo ezikhuphula ingozi yokuhlaselwa, njengoba i-bupropion inganciphisa umkhawulo wokuhlaselwa.

Akufanele uthathe i-bupropion uma unesifo sokudla samanje noma esedlule njenge-anorexia noma i-bulimia, njengoba lezi zimo zikhuphula ingozi yokuhlaselwa. Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zekhanda, izimila zobuchopho, noma labo abadlula ekuhoxisweni kotshwala noma izidakamizwa kufanele futhi bagweme lo muthi.

Nawa amaqembu amakhulu okungafanele athathe i-bupropion:

Ukuphikisana okuphelele:

• Umlando wokuhlaselwa noma izifo zokuhlaselwa
• Izifo zokudla zamanje noma ezedlule (anorexia, bulimia)
• Ukuthatha ama-MAOI (ama-monoamine oxidase inhibitors) noma ukuyeka ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-14
• Ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba ku-bupropion esikhathini esidlule
• Ukuqeda ngokuphazima kwenhliziyo utshwala noma ama-sedatives

Izimo ezidinga ukuqapha okukhulu:

• Isifo esibi sesibindi noma sezinso
• Isifo se-Bipolar (ngaphandle kwe-mood stabilizer)
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa (kudinga ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kobungozi-inzuzo)

Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, ungakhathazeki – ziningi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole enye indlela ephephile futhi esebenza kahle esimweni sakho esithile.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Bupropion

I-Bupropion itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, ngalinye lenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuthile kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa. I-Wellbutrin cishe igama lomkhiqizo elaziwa kakhulu, elitholakala ekukhishweni okusheshayo, ukukhishwa okusimeme (SR), kanye namafomula okukhishwa okweluliwe (XL) okwelapha ukucindezeleka kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenkathi.

I-Zyban igama lomkhiqizo eliqondiswe ngqo ekuyekeni ukubhema, eliqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njenge-Wellbutrin kodwa ngohlelo oluhlukile lokulinganisa. I-Aplenzin ngomunye umkhiqizo oqukethe i-bupropion hydrobromide esikhundleni sikasawoti ojwayelekile we-hydrochloride, okungenzeka kube lula esiswini kwabanye abantu.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-bupropion zitholakala kabanzi futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zamagama omkhiqizo. Umehluko omkhulu ngokuvamile yizindleko, ngama-generics abiza kakhulu ngenkathi enikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo zokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Bupropion

Uma i-bupropion ingakulungele, ziningi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo zokucindezeleka nokuyeka ukubhema. Ngokucindezeleka, ezinye izindlela zihlanganisa ama-SSRI afana ne-sertraline noma i-escitalopram, ama-SNRI afana ne-venlafaxine, noma ezinye izidambisi zokucindezeleka ezingavamile njenge-mirtazapine.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwezidambisi zokucindezeleka lusebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi lunohlu lwalo lwemiphumela. Ama-SSRI avame ukuba yizindlela zokwelapha zokuqala futhi athambekele ekubekezeleleni kahle, kuyilapho ama-SNRI angaba amahle kubantu abanobuhlungu obungapheli. Izidambisi zokucindezeleka ze-Tricyclic ziyizinketho ezindala ezingasebenza kodwa ngokuvamile zinomphumela omningi.

Ukuqeda ukubhema, ezinye izindlela zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngendlela yokufaka i-nicotine (ama-patches, ushingamu, ama-lozenges), i-varenicline (Chantix), noma izindlela zokwelapha zokuziphatha. Abantu abaningi bathola impumelelo ngezindlela zokuhlanganisa ezihlanganisa kokubili imithi nokusekelwa kokwelulekwa.

Ezinye izindlela ezingezona imithi zokucindezeleka zihlanganisa i-psychotherapy, ikakhulukazi i-cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), izinhlelo zokuzivocavoca, imikhuba yokucabanga, kanye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila. Lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa zodwa noma ngokuhlangana nemithi kuye ngokuthanda kwakho nesimo sakho.

Ingabe i-Bupropion Ingcono Kune-Sertraline?

Ukuqhathanisa i-bupropion ne-sertraline (Zoloft) akukhona ukuthi enye ingcono kunenye - kumayelana nokuthi yini esebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile kanye ne-chemistry yomzimba wakho. Zombili ziyizidambisi zokucindezeleka eziphumelelayo, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zinezinhlobo ezihlukene zemiphumela emibi.

I-Bupropion ingase ibe yindlela engcono uma ukhathazekile ngemiphumela emibi yezocansi, ukukhuluphala, noma ukuzizwa udakiwe, njengoba ngokuvamile ibangela izinkinga ezimbalwa. Futhi inika amandla kunokudambisa, okwenza kube kuhle kubantu abanokucindezeleka abazizwa bekhathele noma beluvila. Ukwengeza, i-bupropion ingasiza ekuqhumeni ukubhema, okungashunyayelwa yi-sertraline.

I-Sertraline ingase ithandeke uma futhi unokukhathazeka kanye nokucindezeleka, njengoba ama-SSRIs afana ne-sertraline ngokuvamile engcono ezinkingeni zokukhathazeka. Futhi ifundwe kabanzi ekukhulelweni futhi inerekhodi elide lemininingwane yokuphepha. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ama-SSRIs kulula ukuwathwala ekuqaleni, ngemiphumela emibi emincane yokwenza.

Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ezimpawini zakho ezithile, umlando wezokwelapha, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ulinganise lezi zinto ukuze wenze isinqumo esifanele esimweni sakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Bupropion

Ingabe i-Bupropion Iphephile Ezifweni Zenhliziyo?

I-Bupropion idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela uma unesifo senhliziyo, njengoba singathinta umfutho wegazi nesivinini senhliziyo. Umuthi ungase ukwandise umfutho wegazi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi badinga ukuqashwa eduze lapho beqala ukwelashwa.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esizinzile, esilawulwa kahle, i-bupropion ingase ibe yindlela yokwelapha ngaphansi kokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuqapha umfutho wakho wegazi nesivinini senhliziyo kaningi, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala umuthi noma ulungisa imithamo. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi, esingazinzile noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe, ezinye izidambisi zokucindezeleka zingase zibe yizinqumo eziphephe kakhulu.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Bupropion eningi ngengozi?

Uma uphuze i-bupropion eningi ngengozi, xhumana nokulawulwa kwemithi enobuthi (1-800-222-1222) noma izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma uphuze ngaphezu kwemithamo yakho ejwayelekile ephindwe kabili. Ukweqisa kwe-Bupropion kungakhuphula ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisithuthwane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze noma uthathe eminye imithi ukuze ulwe nokweqisa. Kunalokho, qoqa ibhodlela lakho lomuthi, qaphela ukuthi uthathe okungakanani nokuthi nini, futhi uthole usizo lwezokwelapha. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangakuqapha futhi banikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo uma kudingeka. Ukweqisa okuningi okungahlosiwe kuphela kulungile ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuba uphephile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Bupropion?

Uma uphuthelwe umthamo we-bupropion, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi nokuhlaselwa yisithuthwane.

Nge-bupropion ekhishwe ngokushesha, uma ukhumbula kungakapheli amahora ambalwa, qhubeka uthathe umthamo owuphuthelwe. Ngamafomula akhishwe isikhathi eside, uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwayi-6 kusukela kumthamo wakho owuphuthelwe futhi usondela esikhathini somthamo wakho olandelayo, vele weqe umthamo owuphuthelwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile. Ungakhathazeki ngomthamo owodwa owuphuthelwe - vele ubuyele emkhondweni ngomsebenzi wakho ojwayelekile.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Bupropion?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-bupropion ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono kakhulu. Ngokucindezeleka, odokotela abaningi batusa ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu zithuthuke ukuvimbela ukuphindeka. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi uma beke baba neziqephu eziningi zokucindezeleka.

Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka, udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokwenza ukuthi unciphise umthamo kancane kancane emasontweni amaningana kunokuyeka kungazelelwe. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokucindezeleka futhi kunciphisa ingozi encane yezithuthukisi ezingenzeka ngokuqeda kungazelelwe. Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze udale uhlelo lokunciphisa olulungele isimo sakho.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Bupropion?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-bupropion, njengoba utshwala bungandisa ingozi yezithuthukisi futhi bungase luqhubekisele phambili izimpawu zokucindezeleka. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela futhi uqaphele ukuthi i-bupropion ingashintsha indlela utshwala obukuthinta ngayo.

Uma ujwayele ukuphuza njalo futhi uqala i-bupropion, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokunciphisa ngokuphephile ukuthatha kwakho utshwala. Ukuhoxiswa kotshwala kungazelelwe kungandisa ingozi yezithuthukisi, ngakho noma yiziphi izinguquko kufanele zenziwe kancane kancane futhi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlelo oluphephile olusebenza nezinhloso zakho zokwelashwa.