Yini i-Cangrelor: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Cangrelor iyisinciphisi segazi esinamandla esinikezwa ngokuqondile emthanjeni wakho ngesikhathi sezinqubo zenhliziyo. Lo muthi usebenza ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi uma uhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma wenza izinqubo ezinjenge-angioplasty. Yenzelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa esibhedlela futhi inikeza ukuvikelwa ngokushesha uma inhliziyo yakho iyidinga kakhulu.

Yini i-Cangrelor?

I-Cangrelor ngumuthi olwa nama-antiplatelet owenziwa ngemithambo owenza ukuthi amaseli egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-platelet angabambeleli ndawonye. Cabanga ngama-platelet njengabasebenzi abancane bokulungisa egazini lakho abavamise ukusiza ukwakha amahlule ukuze amise ukopha. Ngezimo ezithile zenhliziyo noma izinqubo, la ma-platelet afanayo angakha amahlule ayingozi avimba ukuhamba kwegazi emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho.

Lo muthi ungowodidi lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antagonist e-P2Y12 receptor. Isebenza ngokuvimba amasignali athile atshela ama-platelet ukuthi ahlanganisane, empeleni ibeka amabhuleki ekwakhekeni kwamahlule okungafuneki. Ngokungafani nezinye izinciphisi zegazi ongazithatha njengamaphilisi, i-cangrelor inikezwa kuphela nge-IV ezindaweni zezokwelapha.

Umuthi usebenza ngemizuzu futhi uyaphela ngokushesha uma uyekisiwe. Lokhu kuyenza ibaluleke ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho odokotela bedinga khona ukulawula okunembile ngamandla egazi lakho okujiya.

Yini i-Cangrelor Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Cangrelor isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), okuyinqubo yokuvula imithambo yenhliziyo evaliwe. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lo muthi uma uhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma uma izinciphisi zegazi zomlomo zingafaneleki esimweni sakho.

Izimo eziyinhloko lapho ungase uthole khona i-cangrelor zihlanganisa:

• Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-angioplasty esiphuthumayo uma uhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
• Uma ungenakukwazi ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ngomlomo ngenxa yezinkinga zesisu noma ukuhlinzwa okuzayo
• Uma udinga ukuncishiswa kwegazi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba imithi yomlomo iqale ukusebenza
• Ngesikhathi sezinqubo zenhliziyo ezikhethiwe lapho ukulawulwa okuqondile kokopha kubalulekile

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizinquma ukuthi i-cangrelor ilungile yini ngesimo sakho esithile. Umuthi unikeza ibhuloho lokuvikela ngenkathi umzimba wakho uzinzisa noma ngenkathi ushintshela ekwelashweni kokunciphisa igazi okwesikhathi eside.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Cangrelor?

I-Cangrelor isebenza ngokuvimba ama-P2Y12 receptors kuma-platelets akho, okufana nokushintsha okulawula ukwakheka kwamahlule. Lapho la ma-receptors evinjwe, ama-platelets awakwazi ukuthola amasignali amakhemikhali awatshela ukuthi anamathele ndawonye futhi akhe amahlule.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengokunciphisa igazi okuqinile nokusebenza ngokushesha. Umuthi uqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokuphathwa futhi ufika ekusebenzeni ngokugcwele ngokushesha. Lesi senzo esisheshayo sibalulekile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo zenhliziyo lapho wonke umzuzu ubalulekile ekuvikeleni ukulimala okuqhubekayo kwemisipha yenhliziyo.

Imiphumela yomuthi iyaguquleka futhi, okusho ukuthi uma ukumnika kuyeka, ama-platelets akho abuyela kancane kancane ekusebenzeni okuvamile. Lokhu kunikeza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukulawula okuhle kakhulu ngengozi yakho yokopha ngesikhathi nangemva kwezinqubo.

Ngingayithatha Kanjani I-Cangrelor?

Ngeke uzithathele wena i-cangrelor njengoba inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zasemtholampilo. Umuthi unikezwa ngomugqa we-intravenous, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho noma esandleni sakho, njengokumnika okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi senqubo yakho.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobala umthamo oqondile ngokuya ngesisindo sakho kanye nesimo sezokwelapha. Ukumnika ngokuvamile kuqala ngaphambi nje kokuthi inqubo yakho yenhliziyo iqale futhi iqhubeke kuyo yonke le nqubo. Akukho okudingekayo ekudleni okukhethekile njengoba cishe uzobe uzila ukudla ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho.

Abasebenzi bokunakekela bazobheka indawo ye-IV kanye nezinga lokufakwa njalo. Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngesikhathi noma ukukhumbula imithamo, ngoba lokhu kulawulwa ngokuphelele yithimba lakho lezempilo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Cangrelor?

Ukwelashwa nge-Cangrelor kuvame ukuba kwesikhashana, kuhlala kuphela ngesikhathi senqubo yakho yenhliziyo futhi mhlawumbe isikhathi esifushane ngemva kwalokho. Ukufakwa okuningi kuqhubeka amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-4, nakuba isikhathi esiqondile sincike kunqubo yakho ethile kanye nezidingo zezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esiqondile ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwenqubo yakho nokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni. Ezinye iziguli zingase zithole i-cangrelor ngesikhathi senqubo kuphela, kanti ezinye zingase ziyidinge amahora amaningana ngemva kwalokho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka okwanele.

Ngemva kokuthi i-cangrelor imisiwe, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha cishe lizokushintshela emithini yokunciphisa igazi yomlomo ongayithatha ekhaya. Lokhu kuguquka kuhlelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kulondolozwe ukuvikeleka okuqhubekayo ekwakhekeni kwamahlule.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Cangrelor?

Njengazo zonke izinciphisi zegazi, umphumela oyinhloko we-cangrelor yingozi eyengeziwe yokopha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likubheka eduze nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokopha ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa, ngakho-ke usezandleni eziphephile kuyo yonke inqubo.

Imiphumela evamile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma igazi endaweni ye-IV noma indawo yenqubo
• Ukulimala kalula esikhumbeni sakho
• Ukuphuma igazi okuncane ezinsinini zakho
• Ukuphuma igazi okuncane emakhaleni

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu kodwa engavamile ingahlanganisa ukuphuma igazi okukhulu okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo libheka izimpawu ezinjengokuphuma igazi okungavamile, izinhlungu zekhanda ezinzima, noma izinguquko esimweni sakho sengqondo. Lezi zinkinga azivamile kodwa yingakho uthola i-cangrelor kuphela ezindaweni zezokwelapha eziqashwe.

Ezinye iziguli zingase zibe nokusabela komzimba, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilungele ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukusabela okungalungile ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Cangrelor?

I-Cangrelor ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi. Abantu abanezifo ezithile zokuphuma igazi noma labo abasengozini enkulu yokuphuma igazi elibucayi kungenzeka bangabi ngabazongenela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthole i-cangrelor uma:

• Uphuma igazi kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho
• Umlando wokuphuma igazi ebuchosheni bakho noma okhakhayini
• Isifo esibucayi sesibindi esithinta ukujiya kwegazi
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-cangrelor noma imithi efanayo
• Izifo ezithile zegazi ezithinta ukujiya

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela nezinye izinto ezinjengokuhlinzwa kwamuva, izinqubo ezihleliwe, noma imithi oyithathayo engase ikhulise ingozi yokuphuma igazi. Ubudala bodwa abukukhiphi ekufanelekeni, kodwa abadala bangase badinge ukuqashwa okukhethekile ngenxa yokwanda kokuzwela ekuphumeni igazi.

Igama Lomkhiqizo we-Cangrelor

I-Cangrelor ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Kengreal e-United States. Leli igama lezentengiso ongase ulibone emarekhodini akho ezokwelapha noma ezikweletini zasemtholampilo, nakuba abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukusebenzisa kokubili amagama ajwayelekile nawomkhiqizo ngokushintshana.

Umuthi ukhiqizwa yi-Chiesi USA futhi utholakala kuphela ngemithi yasemtholampilo. Ngeke uthole lo muthi emakhemisi ajwayelekile njengoba usetshenziswa kuphela ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ngesikhathi sezinqubo.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Cangrelor

Imithi eminingana ehlukile ingasebenza ngezinjongo ezifanayo, nakuba ngamunye enezici eziyingqayizivele eziwenza afanele izimo ezihlukene. Udokotela wakho ukhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile zezokwelapha nohlobo lwenqubo.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Clopidogrel (Plavix) - umuthi omlonyeni othatha isikhathi eside ukusebenza kodwa unikeza imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside
• I-Prasugrel (Effient) - omunye umuthi olwa negazi omlonyeni osebenza ngokushesha kune-clopidogrel
• I-Ticagrelor (Brilinta) - umuthi omlonyeni osebenza ngokushesha futhi obuyela emuva ngokushesha kunezinye izinketho zomlomo
• I-Heparin - umuthi olwa negazi ongajovwa osebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa futhi osetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo

Ngamunye kulokhu okuhlukile unamathuba ahlukene okuqala, ubude, kanye namaphrofayili emiphumela emibi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha licabangela izinto ezinjengomsebenzi wakho wezinso, ingozi yokopha, kanye nezinqubo ezihleliwe lapho likhetha umuthi ofanele kakhulu isimo sakho.

Ingabe i-Cangrelor Ingcono Kune-Clopidogrel?

I-Cangrelor ne-clopidogrel zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa zinezinto ezibalulekile ezizenza zifaneleke kangcono ezimweni ezithile. I-Cangrelor isebenza ngemizuzu futhi iyeka ukusebenza ngokushesha uma iyekiswa, kuyilapho i-clopidogrel ithatha amahora kuya ezinsukwini ukufinyelela umphumela ogcwele kodwa inikeza ukuvikelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside.

I-Cangrelor inikeza izinzuzo ngesikhathi sezinqubo eziphuthumayo ngoba isebenza ngokushesha futhi inikeza odokotela ukulawula okunembile ngengozi yokopha. Uma kuvela izinkinga ngesikhathi senqubo yakho, imiphumela iyaphela ngokushesha uma ukumnika kuyeka, okungaba kubalulekile ekuphatheni ukopha.

I-Clopidogrel ingcono ekuvikeleni isikhathi eside nasekusetshenzisweni ekhaya njengoba ithathwa njengepilisi. Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa ngokushesha uma ukopha kwenzeka, futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukufinyelela ukusebenza okugcwele. Udokotela wakho ukhetha ngokusekelwe ekutheni ngabe udinga ukuvikelwa ngokushesha noma ukuvikelwa isikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Cangrelor

Ingabe i-Cangrelor Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zezinso?

ICangrelor ngokuvamile ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zezinso, okuhlanganisa nalabo abanezinkinga ezinzima zezinso. Ngokungafani neminye imithi, i-cangrelor ayikhishwe ngezinso, ngakho ukusebenza kwezinso akuthinti ngokuphawulekayo indlela umzimba wakho oyiqeda ngayo le mithi.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezifo zezinso bangase babe nezinye izingozi zokuphuma igazi noma basebenzise imithi engase ihlangane ne-cangrelor. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isithombe sakho esiphelele sezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nokusebenza kwezinso, lapho enquma ukuthi i-cangrelor ilungele yini isimo sakho.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngizwa Ukuphuma Kwegazi Okungavamile Ngesikhathi Sokwelashwa?

Uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile ngenkathi uthola i-cangrelor, yazisa umhlengikazi wakho noma udokotela ngokushesha. Njengoba usendaweni yezokwelapha eqashwe, ithimba lakho lezempilo lingahlola ngokushesha futhi libhekane nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphuma kwegazi.

Izimpawu okufanele zibikwe zihlanganisa ukuphuma kwegazi okungayeki ngomfutho omnene, igazi emchameni wakho noma endleni yakho, ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi okubonakala kungaphezu kwamandla. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linolwazi ekulawuleni lezi zimo futhi lingashintsha ukwelashwa kwakho njengoba kudingeka.

Kwenziwani Uma Ukufakwa kwe-Cangrelor kuphazamiseka Ngengozi?

Uma ukufakwa kwakho kwe-cangrelor kuphazamiseka ngengozi, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoliqala kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu. Imiphumela yomuthi iqala ukwehla ngemizuzu yokuyeka, ngakho ukugcina ukufakwa okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi senqubo yakho kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe kahle.

Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo baqapha ukufakwa ngokucophelela futhi banezinqubo zokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zobuchwepheshe. Uma ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka, bangase badinge ukukunikeza imithi eyengeziwe noma ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ukuze baqinisekise ukuqhubeka nokuvikelwa ekwakhekeni kwegazi.

Ngizoshintsha nini ngiye kuma-Oral Blood Thinners?

Ushintsho lokuya emithini yokunciphisa igazi ngomlomo ngokuvamile luqala ngaphambi kokuba ukumnika kwakho i-cangrelor kuphele, luqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuqhubekayo. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala imithi yomlomo efana ne-clopidogrel noma i-ticagrelor ngenkathi usathola i-cangrelor, bese emisa imithi ye-IV uma umuthi womlomo usufinyelela emazingeni asebenzayo.

Isikhathi sokushintsha siyahluka ngokuya ngomuthi womlomo ozowuthatha kanye nokuphendula kwakho emithini. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlela lokhu ngokucophelela ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izikhala ekuvikelweni ngenkathi kunciphisa ingozi yokopha.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuqhuba imoto ngemva kokuthola i-Cangrelor?

Akufanele uqhube imoto ngemva nje kokuthola i-cangrelor, njengoba cishe uzobe usalulama esibhedlela emva kwenqubo yakho. Umuthi ngokwawo awuthinti ngqo ikhono lakho lokuqhuba imoto, kodwa inqubo yenhliziyo kanye neminye imithi oyitholile ingase ithinte ukuqapha kwakho nesikhathi sokusabela.

Udokotela wakho uzonikeza isiqondiso esiqondile mayelana nokuthi ungaqala nini imisebenzi ejwayelekile, okuhlanganisa nokuqhuba imoto. Lesi sinqumo sincike ekululameni kwakho konke, inqubo owenzile, nanoma iyiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo engase ithinte ikhono lakho lokuqhuba imoto ngokuphepha.