Yini Umgomo We-Cholera (Nge-Oral Route): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umuthi wokugoma we-cholera ngomlomo uyisiphuzo esiwuketshezi osiphuzayo ukuze uzivikele ku-cholera, isifo esibucayi samathumbu esibangela isifo sohudo esibi nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lo mgomo uqukethe amagciwane e-cholera abuthakathaka asiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi afunde ukulwa nesifo sangempela ngaphandle kokukugulisa.

I-Cholera isaqhubeka iyinkinga enkulu yezempilo ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokungcola okungahambi kahle. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lo mgomo ngomlomo unikeza ukuvikeleka okuthembekile uma udinga ukuya ezindaweni eziyingozi noma uhlala ezifundeni lapho kuqubuka khona i-cholera.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo We-Cholera?

Umuthi wokugoma we-cholera ngomlomo ukukuvikela ekutheni ungaguli i-cholera, isifo esithwalwa amanzi esingabangela isifo sohudo esisongela impilo nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Odokotela batusa lo mgomo ikakhulukazi kubahambi abaya ezindaweni lapho i-cholera ivamile khona, njengasezingxenyeni ze-Afrika, i-Asia, ne-Haiti.

Ungase udinge lo mgomo uma uya emakamu ababaleki, ezindaweni eziyingozi, noma ezifundeni ezinamanzi angcolile nezinhlelo zokungcola. Abasebenzi bezempilo, abasebenzi abasizayo, kanye nabasebenzi bezempi bavame ukuthola lo mgomo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Lo mgomo ubaluleke kakhulu ngoba i-cholera ingahlasela ngokushesha futhi ngendlela enzima. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, lesi sifo singaholela ekushokeni, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ngisho nokufa kungakapheli amahora ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo We-Cholera?

Umuthi wokugoma we-cholera ngomlomo usebenza ngokwethula amagciwane e-cholera abuthakathaka ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, lapho amasosha akho omzimba engafunda ngokuphepha ukuqaphela nokulwa nesifo sangempela. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-active immunization, futhi ifana nendlela umzimba wakho wakha ngayo ukuzivikela ngemuva kokululama esifweni.

Uma uselule umgomo, amaseli omzimba akhethekile emathunjini akho akha ama-antibody aklanyelwe ngqo ukuhlasela amagciwane e-cholera. Lawa ma-antibody ahlala ohlelweni lwakho, alungele ukukuvikela uma uhlangana nesifo sangempela kamuva.

Lo mgomo uthathwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela mayelana nokuvikela. Uvimbela i-cholera cishe kuma-85% abantu abawutholayo, nakuba lokhu kuvikela kwehla kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umgomo usebenza kahle kakhulu uma uhlanganiswe nemikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi aphephile.

Kufanele Ngithathe Kanjani Umgomo We-Cholera?

Kufanele uthathe umgomo we-cholera ngomlomo esiswini esingenalutho, okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ngaphandle kwamanzi. Umgomo uza njengoketshezi oluphuzwa ngqo ebhodleleni noma luxutshwe namanzi ahlanzekile, angashisi kakhulu.

Nakhu ukuthi ungawuthatha kanjani ngendlela efanele. Okokuqala, gwema ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ngaphandle kwamanzi ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokuthatha umgomo. Nyakazisa ibhodlela kahle uma uqondiswe, bese uphuza konke okuqukethwe ngokushesha. Ngemva kokuthatha umgomo, linda enye ihora ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ngaphandle kwamanzi.

Isikhathi sibalulekile ngoba ukudla nezinye iziphuzo kungaphazamisa ukuthi umgomo usebenza kahle kangakanani. I-asidi yesisu sakho idinga ukuba sezingeni elifanele ukuze umgomo usebenze ngempumelelo, yingakho imfuneko yesisu esingenalutho ibaluleke kangaka.

Ungalokothi uhlanganise umgomo namanzi ane-chlorinated, njengoba i-chlorine ingabulala amagciwane abuthakathaka emgomweni. Njalo sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile, angahlanganisiwe ne-chlorine uma udinga ukunciphisa umgomo.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Cholera?

Uchungechunge oluphelele lomgomo we-cholera ludinga imithamo emibili ethathwa cishe ngemva kwamasonto angu-1-6, kuye ngeminyaka yakho kanye nohlobo oluthile lomgomo. Abantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 ngokuvamile badinga womabili imithamo, kuyilapho izingane ezineminyaka engu-2-6 zingase zidinge isikhathi esihlukile.

Kufanele uqede uchungechunge oluphelele okungenani ngesonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhamba uye endaweni ethintekile yi-cholera. Lokhu kunika amasosha akho omzimba isikhathi esanele sokwakha ukuvikeleka esifweni.

Ukuvikeleka komgomo kuvame ukuhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-2-3, nakuba kungase kuqale ukuncipha ngemva konyaka wokuqala. Uma uqhubeka nokuhlala noma uvakashela njalo ezindaweni eziyingozi, udokotela wakho angase ancome imijovo yokuthuthukisa ukuze ugcine ukuzivikela kwakho emzimbeni.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Cholera?

Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emincane noma abanayo eceleni evela kumgomo we-cholera ngomlomo. Imiphumela ejwayelekile eceleni ngokuvamile imincane futhi iyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthatha umgomo.

Nansi imiphumela eceleni ongase uyithole, uqala ngaleyo ejwayelekile. Ukungakhululeki esiswini, isicanucanu esincane, noma amajaqamba amancane esiswini kungenzeka kubantu abangaba ngu-1 kwabangu-10. Abanye abantu futhi bathola isifo sohudo esincane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, noma ukukhathala okujwayelekile usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngemva kokugonywa.

Imiphumela eceleni engavamile kodwa esenzeka ihlanganisa ukuhlanza, isiyezi, noma umkhuhlane obuthakathaka. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zivela emahoreni okuqala angu-24-48 ngemva kokuthatha umgomo futhi ngokuvamile ziyazixazulula.

Imiphumela eceleni engavamile kodwa ebucayi ayivamile kakhulu ngalo mgomo. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, abantu bangase bathole ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, okuhlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okubanzi. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Imiphumela eminingi eceleni empeleni iyisibonakaliso sokuthi amasosha akho omzimba asabela kahle kumgomo. Ukungakhululeki okuncane ongase ukuzwe yindlela yomzimba wakho yokwakha ukuvikeleka ku-cholera.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo We-Cholera?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme umgomo we-cholera ngomlomo noma baxoxe ngezindlela ezingezinye nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo. Umgomo uqukethe amagciwane aphilayo, abuthakathaka, okusho ukuthi awufanele wonke umuntu.

Akufanele uthathe lo mgomo uma unesimiso somzimba esivikelekile esibuthakathaka ngenxa ye-HIV/AIDS, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, noma imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba. Abantu abanezifo ezinomkhuhlane (izifo ezibangela umkhuhlane) kufanele balinde kuze kube yilapho belulama ngaphambi kokugonywa.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokuvamile kufanele bagweme lo mgomo ngaphandle uma ingozi yokuchayeka ku-cholera iphezulu kakhulu. Ngenkathi kungekho bufakazi bokuthi umgomo ulimaza izingane ezingakazalwa, odokotela bakhetha ukuba seqeleni lokuphepha ngemigomo ephilayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala akufanele zithole lo mgomo, njengoba amasosha omzimba azo kungenzeka angaphenduli ngendlela efanele. Abantu abahlanza kakhulu noma abahlanza kufanele balinde kuze kube yilapho lezi zimpawu zixazululeka ngaphambi kokugonywa.

Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo esikhathini esidlule, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuthi ungawutholi lo mgomo. Njalo xoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokugonywa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo We-Cholera

Umgomo we-cholera ngomlomo uyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo emhlabeni jikelele. E-United States, umkhiqizo ovame kakhulu ukutholakala yi-Vaxchora, evunywe yi-FDA yabahambi abaneminyaka engu-18-64 ubudala.

Ezinye izindawo zingase zisebenzise amagama omkhiqizo ahlukene njenge-Dukoral, etholakala eCanada, eYurophu, nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. I-Dukoral inganikezwa kubantu abaneminyaka engu-2 ubudala futhi inikeza ukuvikelwa ku-cholera nezinhlobo ezithile zohudo lwabahambi.

I-ShanChol ne-Euvichol-Plus yeminye imigomo ye-cholera ngomlomo esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emikhankasweni yokugoma ngobuningi ezindaweni ezithintekile yi-cholera. Le migomo ivame ukusetshenziswa yizinhlangano zokusiza kanye nezinhlelo zezempilo zomphakathi.

Ezinye Izindlela Zomgomo We-Cholera

Ngenkathi umgomo we-cholera ngomlomo uyindlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela, kunezinye izindlela zokuzivikela ku-cholera. Enye indlela ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko enhle nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi aphephile ezindaweni ezinengozi enkulu.

Imikhuba yamanzi aphephile ihlanganisa ukuphuza amanzi asemabhodleleni kuphela, amanzi abilisiwe, noma amanzi aphathwe ngamaphilisi e-chlorine noma i-iodine. Gwema ama-ice cubes, izithelo ezintsha ongazikhiphanga isikhumba ngokwakho, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle nemifino eluhlaza noma engaphekwe kahle.

Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka isebenza njengomugqa wakho wesibili wokuzivikela. Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi ahlanzekile, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Uma insipho namanzi engekho, sebenzisa isibulala-magciwane esisekelwe otshwaleni esine-alcohol okungenani engama-60%.

Abanye abahambi futhi baphethe usawoti wokubuyisela amanzi ngomlomo njengesinyathelo sokuzivikela. Ngenkathi lokhu kungavimbeli i-cholera, kungasiza ekwelapheni ukoma uma uthola isifo sohudo esibi nganoma iyiphi imbangela.

Ingabe Umgomo We-Cholera Ungcono Kune-Typhoid Vaccine?

Umjovo we-cholera nomgomo we-typhoid bavikela ezifweni ezingafani ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke akuyona ngempela indaba yokuthi omunye ungcono kunomunye. Yomibili imigomo inganconywa ngokuya ngokuthi uya kuphi nokuthi yiziphi izici zakho eziyingozi.

Umjovo we-cholera ngokukhethekile uvikela emabhaktheriya e-cholera, abangela isifo sohudo olunamanzana olunzima nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Umgomo we-typhoid uvikela emkhuhlaneni we-typhoid, obangela umkhuhlane ophezulu, ikhanda, futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima uma ungelashwa.

Abahambi abaningi abaya ezindaweni eziyingozi ngempela badinga yomibili imigomo ngoba i-cholera ne-typhoid zingenzeka ezifundeni ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho wemithi yokuhamba uzoncoma ukuthi yimiphi imigomo oyidingayo ngokuya lapho uya khona, ubude bokuhlala kwakho, nemisebenzi ehleliwe.

Umjovo we-cholera uthathwa ngomlomo, kuyilapho imigomo ye-typhoid iza ngesimo somlomo nesijovo. Zombili ngokuvamile ziphephile futhi ziyasebenza uma zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomgomo We-Cholera

Ingabe Umgomo We-Cholera Uphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Yebo, umuthi wokugoma ngomlomo we-cholera ngokuvamile uphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, uma nje ushukela wabo wegazi ulawulwa kahle futhi bengenazo ezinye izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Isifo sikashukela sodwa asikuvimbeli ukuthi uthole lo mgomo.

Nokho, abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele baxoxe ngokugonywa nodokotela wabo, ikakhulukazi uma benezinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho angase afune ukukuqapha eduze ngemva kokugonywa noma alungise isikhathi ngokuya ngesimo sakho sempilo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile umuthi wokugoma we-Cholera omningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha umthamo owengeziwe womuthi wokugoma we-cholera, ungesabi. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso, kodwa izinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela ekweqiseni umuthi wokugoma azivamile.

Ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi enamandla njengokucasuka, ukuqaqamba kwesisu, noma isifo sohudo, kodwa lokhu kufanele kulungiswe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Hlala unamanzi futhi uphumule, futhi funa ukwelashwa uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima noma uzizwa ungaphilile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo womuthi wokugoma we-Cholera?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wesibili womuthi wokugoma we-cholera, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uhlele kabusha. Usengawuthola umthamo wesibili ngisho noma sekudlule isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elingu-1-6 elinconyiwe.

Ungaqali kabusha uchungechunge lomgomo kusukela ekuqaleni. Umthamo owodwa ophuthelwe akusho ukuthi udinga ukuqala kabusha, kodwa kufanele uqede uchungechunge olugcwele ngaphambi kokuhamba ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okwanele.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza umuthi wokugoma we-Cholera?

Akudingeki uqhubeke nokuphuza umuthi wokugoma we-cholera uma usuqede uchungechunge lokuqala lwemithamo emibili, ngaphandle uma unezingozi eziqhubekayo zokuchayeka. Umgomo unikeza ukuvikeleka iminyaka emi-2-3 ngemva kochungechunge oluphelele.

Uma uqhubeka nokuhlala noma uvakashela njalo ezindaweni ezithintekile yi-cholera, udokotela wakho angase ancome imijovo eyengeziwe njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3 ukuze ugcine ukuzivikela kwakho emzimbeni. Abantu abavezwe ekuhambeni kwesikhashana ngokuvamile abadingi ukugonywa okuqhubekayo.

Ngingayithatha yini umuthi wokugomela i-Cholera ngenkathi ngincelisa?

Omama abancelisayo ngokuvamile bangathola umuthi wokugomela i-cholera ngomlomo ngokuphepha, njengoba umuthi wokugoma kungenzeka ungadluli obisini lwebele ngamanani amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uhlale uxoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo zokugonywa ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona kuwe nomntwana wakho. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuvikeleka umuthi wokugoma okunikezayo kunqoba ingozi encane ezinganeni ezincelisayo.