Yini i-Crizotinib: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Crizotinib iyimithi yomdlavuza eqondiwe esiza ukunciphisa ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni athile adingwa amaseli omdlavuza ukuze akhule futhi asakazeke emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Le mithi imelela intuthuko enkulu ekwelashweni komdlavuza okwenziwe ngabantu ngabanye. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza wakho ngaphambi kokunquma i-crizotinib ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ilungele uhlobo lomdlavuza wakho oluthile.

Yini i-Crizotinib?

I-Crizotinib iyimithi yomdlavuza yomlomo engaphansi kwezigaba zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Iqondise ngqo amaseli omdlavuza ngenkathi ibangela ukulimala okuncane kumaseli anempilo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-chemotherapy yendabuko.

Umuthi uza ngesimo se-capsule futhi uthathwa ngomlomo kabili ngosuku. Yaqala ukugunyazwa yi-FDA ngo-2011 futhi selokhu isize izinkulungwane zeziguli ezinohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu ziphile isikhathi eside, impilo enempilo.

Cabanga nge-crizotinib njethuluzi eliqondile kakhulu elingakwazi ukuhlonza nokuvimba izimpawu ezithile ezitshela amaseli omdlavuza athile ukuthi akhule. Le ndlela eqondiwe ivame ukusho imiphumela emincane eceleni kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza ezibanzi.

Isetshenziselwani i-Crizotinib?

I-Crizotinib isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongawona amancane (NSCLC) onoshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo. Umdlavuza wakho kumele uhlolwe ukuthi unokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-ALK gene noma ukuhlelwa kabusha kwe-ROS1 gene ukuze le mithi isebenze.

Imithi ngokuvamile iyanqunywa uma umdlavuza ususabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho noma uma ukuhlinzwa kungewona umkhuba. Kuthathwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala, okusho ukuthi imvamisa iyimithi yokuqala udokotela wakho azoyizama yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.

Kwezinye izimo, i-crizotinib ingase futhi isetshenziswe ngenxa yomdlavuza ongavamile othile onezinguquko zofuzo lwe-ALK, njengezicubu ze-myofibroblastic ezivuvukalayo. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzoqaphela ukuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza wakho oluthile kanye nokwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo kukwenza yini ukuba ube ngumuntu ofanelekayo kulolu hlobo lokwelashwa.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Crizotinib?

I-Crizotinib isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni angavamile asetshenziswa amaseli omdlavuza ukukhula nokuzala. Ngokuqondile, iqondisa amaprotheni e-ALK kanye ne-ROS1 asebenze ngokweqile ngenxa yezinguquko zofuzo kumaseli omdlavuza wakho.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengokwelashwa komdlavuza okuphakathi nendawo okuhloswe ngakho kakhulu kunemithi yamakhemikhali yendabuko. Iphazamisa ikhono leseli lomdlavuza lokuthola izimpawu zokukhula, ngempela ilambisa amaseli omdlavuza ngalokho okudingayo ukuze asinde futhi asakaze.

Ubuhle be-crizotinib bulele ekunembeni kwayo. Ngenkathi imithi yamakhemikhali yendabuko ithinta amaseli anempilo nawomdlavuza, i-crizotinib iqondisa ikakhulukazi amaseli anezinkinga ezithile zofuzo. Le ndlela eqondiwe ivame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono enemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Crizotinib?

Thatha i-crizotinib ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla. Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele, futhi ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaqhekeze.

Ungathatha i-crizotinib ngokudla uma ikukhathaza isisu, nakuba ukudla kungadingeki ukumuncwa. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukuthi ukuyithatha ngesidlo esilula kusiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu, okuyisiphumela esivamile.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, cishe ngamahora angu-12. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi egazini lakho. Uma uthatha eminye imithi, xoxa ngesikhathi nodokotela wakho ukuze ugweme ukuxhumana okungenzeka.

Gwema ama-grapefruit nejusi le-grapefruit ngenkathi uthatha i-crizotinib, njengoba zingakhuphula inani lomuthi egazini lakho futhi kungenzeka zibangele imiphumela eminingi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Crizotinib?

Iningi leziguli liqhubeka nokuthatha i-crizotinib uma nje ilawula umdlavuza wazo futhi nemiphumela emibi isalawuleka. Lokhu kungaba izinyanga kuya eminyakeni, kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza wakho usabela kahle kangakanani emithini.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokusebenzisa ukuskena njalo nokuhlolwa kwegazi, ngokuvamile njalo emva kwezinyanga ezi-2-3 ekuqaleni. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukuthola ukuthi imithi iyasebenza ngempumelelo yini nokuthi kufanele uqhubeke yini nokwelashwa.

Ezinye iziguli zingase zidingeke ukuthi ziphumule ku-crizotinib uma imiphumela emibi iba mibi kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zigcine zishintshela kweminye imithi uma umdlavuza wazo ukhula ukumelana nawo. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzokwenziwa ngendlela oyithandayo ngokuya ngempendulo yakho nempilo yonke.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Crizotinib?

Njengayo yonke imithi yomdlavuza, i-crizotinib ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungathi akubona bonke abayitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyalawuleka futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, emaqakaleni, noma ngasemathweni
• Ushintsho embonweni, okuhlanganisa umbono ongacacile noma ukubona ukukhanya
• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhanya ekhanda
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba

Le miphumela emibi evamile ivame ukuba milde kuya esimweni esiphakathi nendawo futhi ingalawulwa ngokuvamile ngokunakekelwa okusekelayo noma ukulungiswa kwemithi.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ingenzeka, nakuba ingavamile. Kubalulekile ukuyazi lezi ukuze ukwazi ukufuna ukwelashwa uma kudingeka:

• Izinkinga zesibindi (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, ukukhathala okukhulu)
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu (ukukhwehlela okusha noma okwanda, ukuphefumula kanzima, ubuhlungu besifuba)
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuquleka)
• Izinkinga ezinzima zezinso (izinguquko ekuchameni, ukuvuvukala)
• Ukuphendula komzimba okukhulu (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqubuka okukhulu, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)

Xhumana nethimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimaphi alawa maphuzu abucayi. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso futhi balungise ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Crizotinib?

I-Crizotinib ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izimo zingakwenza kungaphephile kuwe. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela impilo yakho yonke ngaphambi kokukuyala lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-crizotinib uma unokungezwani komzimba nomuthi noma yiziphi izithako zawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagweme i-crizotinib njengoba ingalimaza ingane esakhula.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma bangase bangabi ngabazongenela ukwelashwa nge-crizotinib:

• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi
• Isifo sezinso esibi
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo esibalulekile
• Isifo samaphaphu esisebenzayo noma izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa

Udokotela wakho uzobheka neminye imithi yakho, njengoba i-crizotinib ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingi. Nqamula uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, izithasiselo, nemikhiqizo yezitshalo oyithathayo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Crizotinib

I-Crizotinib ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Xalkori e-United States nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. Leli yigama lomkhiqizo wangempela elathuthukiswa yi-Pfizer, inkampani yezemithi eyakha umuthi.

Ungase futhi ubone i-crizotinib ibizwa ngegama layo elivamile emibhalweni yezokwelapha noma lapho kuxoxwa ngezinketho zokwelashwa neqembu lakho lezempilo. Womabili la magama abhekisela emuthini ofanayo onezithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-crizotinib zingase zitholakale esikhathini esizayo, kodwa njengamanje, i-Xalkori iyibhrendi eyinhloko etholakala ezimakethe eziningi.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Crizotinib

Imithi eminingi ehlukile iyatholakala yokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu oyi-ALK-positive kanye ne-ROS1-positive. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele lezi uma i-crizotinib ingakulungele noma uma umdlavuza wakho ukhula ukumelana.

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu oyi-ALK-positive, ezinye izindlela zihlanganisa i-alectinib (Alecensa), i-ceritinib (Zykadia), kanye ne-brigatinib (Alunbrig). Le mithi emisha ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa njengemithi yomugqa wokuqala noma uma i-crizotinib iyeka ukusebenza.

I-chemotherapy yendabuko iseyindlela, nakuba ukwelashwa okuqondiwe njenge-crizotinib kuvame ukuhlinzeka ngemiphumela engcono enemiphumela emincane kubantu abanezimpawu ezifanele zofuzo. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzosiza ekunqumeni indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa yesimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Crizotinib ingcono kune-Alectinib?

Kokubili i-crizotinib ne-alectinib ziyindlela yokwelapha esebenzayo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu oyi-ALK-positive, kodwa izifundo zakamuva zikhomba ukuthi i-alectinib ingase ibe nezinzuzo ezithile njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

I-Alectinib ibonakala isebenza kahle ekuvikeleni umdlavuza ekusabalaleni ebuchosheni futhi ingase ibangele imiphumela emincane kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, i-crizotinib isetshenziswe isikhathi eside futhi inokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi emhlabeni wangempela okusekela ukusebenza kwayo.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzocabangela izinto ezinjengempilo yakho yonke, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imiphumela engaba khona, kanye nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho ukhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Zombili ziyizinketho ezinhle zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu oyi-ALK-positive.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Crizotinib

Ingabe i-Crizotinib iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Crizotinib ingathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ngakho-ke abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezikhona badinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho cishe uzo-oda i-electrocardiogram (EKG) ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye ne-oncologist bazosebenzisana ukuze banqume ukuthi i-crizotinib iphephile yini kuwe. Bangase balungise imithi yakho yenhliziyo noma bakuqaphele eduze, kodwa iziguli eziningi ezinokugula kwenhliziyo zingakwazi ukuthatha i-crizotinib ngokuphepha.

Ngingenzani uma ngithatha i-Crizotinib eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-crizotinib eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zivele, ngoba ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubalulekile.

Izimpawu zokweqisa zingase zihlanganise isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma isiyezi. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe lapho ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi ungakanani.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Crizotinib?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo futhi sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwayi-6 kuze kube umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, thatha umthamo ophuthelwe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma kungaphansi kwamahora ayi-6 kuze kube umthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngenzuzo eyengeziwe. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabanga ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi noma ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Crizotinib?

Yeka kuphela ukuthatha i-crizotinib lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono, imithi ingase isasebenza ukulawula umdlavuza wakho, futhi ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungavumela umdlavuza ukuthi ukhule futhi.

Udkt wakho uzosebenzisa izithwebulo ezivamile kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqapha impendulo yakho emithini. Uma umdlavuza uqhubeka noma imiphumela emibi iba nzima ukuyilawula, udkt wakho uzosebenza nawe ukushintshela endleleni ehlukile yokwelapha ngokuphepha.

Ngingahamba Ngesikhathi Ngithatha i-Crizotinib?

Yebo, ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nokuhamba ngenkathi uthatha i-crizotinib, kodwa kudinga ukuhlela okuthile. Letha imithi eyengeziwe uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka, futhi gcina imithi yakho esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala uma undiza ukuze ugweme ukulahleka.

Tshela ithimba lakho lezempilo ngohlelo lokuhamba, ikakhulukazi uma uya phesheya lapho ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha kungase kube yinselelo ukufinyelela. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso sokulawula imiphumela emibi ngenkathi uhamba futhi baqinisekise ukuthi unokwanele ukuhlinzekwa kwemithi.