Yini i-Dabrafenib: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Dabrafenib iyikhambi lomdlavuza eliqondiswe ngqo elivimba amaprotheni angajwayelekile aqhuba izinhlobo ezithile ze-melanoma nomdlavuza wendlala yegilo. Cabanga ngayo njengethuluzi eliqondile eliphazamisa amasignali atshela amaseli omdlavuza ukuthi akhule futhi aziphindaphinde ngokungalawuleki.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba esibizwa ngokuthi ama-BRAF inhibitors, okusho ukuthi uqondise uguquko oluthile lofuzo olutholakala cishe engxenyeni yazo zonke i-melanomas. Uma unalolu guquko oluthile, i-dabrafenib ingasebenza ngempumelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni noma ekumeni ukuqhubeka komdlavuza.

Yini i-Dabrafenib Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Dabrafenib iphatha i-melanoma nomdlavuza wendlala yegilo we-anaplastic othwala ushintsho oluthile lofuzo olubizwa ngokuthi i-BRAF V600E noma i-V600K mutation. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izicubu zakho zomdlavuza ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi unalolu guquko ngaphambi kokukuyala i-dabrafenib.

Nge-melanoma, i-dabrafenib isebenza kuzo zombili izimo ezithuthukile ezisabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho kanye ne-melanoma yesigaba sokuqala ngemva kokususwa ngokuhlinzwa. Emdlavuzeni wendlala yegilo, isetshenziswa uma umdlavuza usuthuthukile futhi ungazange uphendule ekwelashweni nge-iodine enomsakazo.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bayala i-dabrafenib kanye nomunye umuthi obizwa nge-trametinib. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ingasebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu kunokusebenzisa noma iyiphi imithi yodwa, inike umzimba wakho ithuba elingcono lokulawula umdlavuza.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Dabrafenib?

I-Dabrafenib isebenza ngokuvimba iprotheni ebizwa nge-BRAF esihambe kabi kumaseli akho omdlavuza. Lapho le protein iguquka, ithumela njalo amasignali athi

Njengoba imithi eqondiwe ihamba, i-dabrafenib ithathwa njengeqinile kubantu abanoshintsho olufanele lofuzo. Nokho, akuyona imithi ye-chemotherapy, ngakho isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza zendabuko ongase uzijwayele.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Dabrafenib?

Thatha amaphilisi e-dabrafenib kabili ngosuku, cishe ngamahora ayi-12 ahlukene, esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kusho ukuyithatha okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla kwakho kokugcina.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngamanzi - ungawavuli, uwachoboze, noma uwahlafune. Umuthi udinga ukumuncwa kahle, futhi ukuphula amaphilisi kungaphazamisa indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo ngemithi.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukusetha ama-alamu ocingweni njengezikhumbuzi, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Gwema ukuthatha i-dabrafenib nejusi le-grapefruit noma i-grapefruit, ngoba lesi sithelo singakhuphula amazinga omuthi egazini lakho ezingeni elingaba yingozi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani I-Dabrafenib?

Ngokuvamile uzoqhubeka nokuthatha i-dabrafenib uma nje isebenza ngempumelelo futhi uyayibekezelela kahle. Lokhu kungasho izinyanga noma iminyaka yokwelashwa, kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza wakho uphendula kanjani.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuskena njalo nokuhlolwa kwegazi, ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Uma umdlavuza uqala ukukhula futhi noma imiphumela emibi iba nzima kakhulu ukuphatha, uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha lungadinga ukulungiswa.

Abanye abantu bakhulisa ukumelana ne-dabrafenib ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuyinto engathandeki ejwayelekile ngemithi eqondiwe. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzoxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha ezingase zisebenze kangcono esimweni sakho.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Dabrafenib?

Njengemithi eminingi yomdlavuza, i-dabrafenib ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukulawuleka ngosekelo olufanele nokuqapha okuvela eqenjini lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uhlangabezane nayo:

• Umkhuhlane nokubanda, okungase kube kubi ngezinye izikhathi
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Ukucindezeleka kwekhanda
• Ubuhlungu emalungeni nasemisipheni
• Isicanucanu nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukomisa
• Ukuqina kwezinwele noma izinguquko ekuthungeni

Le miphumela emibi evamile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi, ngokuvamile emasontweni ambalwa okuqala kokwelashwa.

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu (ngaphezu kuka-101.3°F) nokubanda okushisayo
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu noma ukukhula kwesikhumba okusha
• Ushintsho embonweni noma izinkinga zamehlo
• Ushintsho lwesigqi senhliziyo noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu noma ukuqaqamba okungavamile
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma umchamo omnyama

Ngenkathi le miphumela emibi ebucayi ingavamile, ingase ivele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ngakho ukuhlala uqaphile ezingxenyeni zendlela ozizwa ngayo kubalulekile.

Ngokungavamile, i-dabrafenib ingabangela izinhlobo ezintsha zomdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi i-squamous cell carcinoma. Udokotela wakho uzohlola isikhumba sakho njalo futhi angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwe-dermatology njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe i-Dabrafenib?

I-Dabrafenib ayifanele wonke umuntu, ngisho nakubantu abanokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okulungile. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokunquma lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-dabrafenib uma unokungezwani nayo noma yiziphi izithako zayo. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo bangase badinge ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengoba i-dabrafenib ingathinta isigqi senhliziyo kwezinye izimo.

Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba i-dabrafenib ingalimaza izingane ezisakhula. Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa eziphephile nodokotela wakho we-oncologist.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi noma izinso bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma imithi ehlukile ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwamalungu akho ngemithombo yegazi ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Dabrafenib

I-Dabrafenib ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Tafinlar emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-United States, Canada, kanye nase-Europe yonke. Leli yigama ozolibona ebhodleleni lakho likanokusho kanye nokupakishwa kwemithi.

Amanye amazwe angase abe namagama omkhiqizo ahlukile noma izinguqulo ezivamile ezitholakalayo. Njalo qinisekisa kumakhemisi wakho ukuthi uthola imithi efanele, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba noma ugcwalisa imiyalelo ezindaweni ezihlukene.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Dabrafenib

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe zisebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-dabrafenib ngomdlavuza oguqulwe yi-BRAF. I-Vemurafenib (Zelboraf) enye i-BRAF inhibitor esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa ingase ibe namaphrofayili ahlukile emiphumeleni emibi.

Kubantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela ama-BRAF inhibitors, imithi ye-immunotherapy efana ne-pembrolizumab (Keytruda) noma i-nivolumab (Opdivo) inikeza izindlela ezihlukene zokwelapha i-melanoma. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuthuthukisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuzivikela lokulwa namaseli omdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kuvamile ngokwengeziwe, ne-dabrafenib kanye ne-trametinib okungokunye kokuhlangana okufundwe kakhulu futhi okuphumelelayo. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi indlela enengqondo kakhulu ngesimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Dabrafenib Ingcono Kune-Vemurafenib?

Kokubili i-dabrafenib ne-vemurafenib ziyizithiyo eziphumelelayo ze-BRAF ezinamazinga empumelelo afanayo ekwelapheni i-melanoma eguqulwe yi-BRAF. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukwehla ezintweni zomuntu ngamunye njengokubekezelelana nemiphumela emibi neminye imithi oyithathayo.

UDabrafenib angase abangele imiphumela emibi embalwa ehlobene nesikhumba uma iqhathaniswa ne-vemurafenib, engenza isikhumba sabanye abantu sizwele kakhulu elangeni. Kodwa-ke, i-dabrafenib ivame ukubangela umkhuhlane kaningi kune-vemurafenib.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela impilo yakho yonke, indlela yokuphila, kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa lapho ekhetha phakathi kwalawo makhambi. Kokubili kungahlanganiswa nezithiyo ze-MEK ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, nakuba lezo zinhlanganisela zihlukile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Dabrafenib

Ingabe i-Dabrafenib iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Dabrafenib ingathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwabanye abantu, ngakho-ke labo abanezifo zenhliziyo ezikhona badinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wakho we-oncologist bazosebenzisana ukuze banqume ukuthi i-dabrafenib iphephile yini kuwe.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, cishe uzodinga i-electrocardiogram (ECG) ukuze uhlole umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Ukuqashwa njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuqaleni, lapho zikwazi ukwelashwa kakhulu.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Dabrafenib eningi ngengozi?

Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha uma uphuze i-dabrafenib eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe. Ukuphuza imithamo eyengeziwe ngeke kwenze umuthi usebenze kangcono futhi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathí sina.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Gcina ibhodlela lakho lemithi lilungile lapho ushayela ucingo ukuze uthole usizo, njengoba ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bazofuna ukwazi kahle ukuthi uphuze malini nokuthi nini.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Dabrafenib?

Uma uphuthelwe umthamo futhi sekudlule amahora angaphansi kwangu-6 kusukela ngesikhathi sakho esihleliwe, yiphuzeni ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwangu-6, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uphuza umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe.

Ungaphindi uphindaphinde imithamo ukuze ulungise okushiywe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokunikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe. Setha izikhumbuzi ocingweni lwakho noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukusiza ukuhlala emgwaqeni.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Dabrafenib?

Yeka kuphela ukuthatha i-dabrafenib uma i-oncologist yakho ikutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze njalo. Noma ngabe uzizwa kahle, imithi ingase isasebenza ukulawula umdlavuza wakho ngemuva kwezigcawu.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyeke nini ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuskena, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, nokuthi uyithatha kanjani imithi. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela umdlavuza ukuthi uqale ukukhula futhi, noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile ngokuphelele.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Dabrafenib?

Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okulinganiselwe kuvamile ukwamukeleka ngenkathi kuthathwa i-dabrafenib, kodwa kungcono ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho kuqala. Utshwala ngezinye izikhathi bungenza kube kubi imiphumela ethile engemihle efana nesicanucanu noma ukukhathala.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, qaphela ukuthi utshwala bukukuthinta kanjani ngenkathi use-dabrafenib. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi bazwela kakhulu emiphumeleni yotshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, ngakho-ke ukuqala ngezilinganiso ezincane kuwukuhlakanipha.