Dactinomycin (indlela yokungenisa nge-intravenous)
Imikhiqizo etholakalayo
Cosmegen
Mayelana naleli khambi
Isikhubekiso seDactinomycin sisetshenziswa ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umdlavuza wamathambo nezinhlangothi ezithambile, kuhlanganise nemisipha namathambo, (um., rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma), i-Wilms tumor (umdlavuza wokukhipha okukhulu kubantwana), iziphundu emathunjini noma esibelekweni (gestational trophoblastic neoplasia), nomdlavuza wezibobo osekusile. Kusetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni iziphundu eziqinile ezibuyile (eziphindaphindayo) endaweni efanayo ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili. UDactinomycin uhlanganisa ukukhula kwamaselula omdlavuza, aqedwa ekugcineni. Njengoba ukukhula kwamaselula omzimba ajwayelekile kungase kuthonyeke yi-dactinomycin, eminye imiphumela izophinde ibe khona. Amanye alawa angaba nzima futhi kufanele abikwe kudokotela wakho. Eminye imiphumela, njengokuwa kweenwele, ingase ingabi nzima kodwa ingase ikhathaze. Amanye imiphumela angase angaveli izinyanga noma iminyaka ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwemithi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa nge-dactinomycin, wena nodokotela wakho kufanele nixoxe ngezinzuzo kanye nezingozi zokusebenzisa le mithi. Le mithi kufanele inikezwe kuphela yi- noma ngaphansi kokunakekelwa okuqondile kudokotela wakho. Lo mkhiqizo uyatholakala ngezindlela zokulinganisa ezilandelayo:
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa leli khambi
Uma ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthatha imithi, kufanele kuqhathaniswe ubungozi bokuthatha imithi nezinzuzo ezizoletha. Lo ngumqondo owenzayo wena nodokotela wakho. Kule mithi, kufanele kucabangelwe okulandelayo: Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nokuthile okungavamile noma ukuzwela okukhulu kule mithi noma kwezinye izidakamizwa. Tshela futhi ochwepheshe bezempilo uma unezinye izinhlobo zokuzwela okukhulu, njengokudla, izidakamizwa, izigcini, noma izilwane. Ngomkhiqizo ongenayo iresiphi, funda ilebula noma izithako zephakheji ngokucophelela. Izifundo ezifanele ezenziwe kuze kube manje azibonisi izinkinga ezikhethekile zezingane ezizobeka umkhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kokudubula i-dactinomycin kubantwana. Noma kunjalo, ukuphepha nokuphumelela akukaqiniswa kubantwana ukuze kuphathwe iziphumuzo eziqine ezibuyele endaweni efanayo ngemuva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili. Izifundo ezifanele ezenziwe kuze kube manje azibonisi izinkinga ezikhethekile zabantu abadala ezizobeka umkhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kokudubula i-dactinomycin kubantu abadala. Noma kunjalo, iziguli ezikhulile zinezinkinga zamathambo, okungase kudinge ukunakekelwa nokulungiswa komthamo kwabantu abamukela ukudubula i-dactinomycin. Ayikho izifundo ezifanele kubesifazane zokunquma ubungozi lwengane uma usebenzisa le mithi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Linganisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Nakuba ezinye izidakamizwa kufanele zingasetshenziswa ndawonye, kwezinye izimo imithi emibili ehlukene ingasetshenziswa ndawonye ngisho noma kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona ukusebenzisana. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase afune ukushintsha umthamo, noma ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha zingase zidingeke. Uma uthola le mithi, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo bakwazi uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi ehlanganisiwe ngezansi. Ukusebenzisana okulandelayo kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni kwabo okukhulu futhi akuyona yonke into. Ukusebenzisa le mithi nanoma yimiphi imithi elandelayo akuvamile ukunconywa, kodwa kungase kudingeke kwezinye izimo. Uma kokubili imithi ilotshiwe ndawonye, udokotela wakho angase ashintshe umthamo noma ukuthi uyisebenzisa kangakanani enye noma zombili imithi. Ezinye izidakamizwa akufanele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngesikhathi sokudla izinhlobo ezithile zokudla ngoba ukusebenzisana kungase kwenzeke. Ukusebenzisa utshwala noma utshaba nanoma yimiphi imithi kungase futhi kubangele ukusebenzisana. Xoxa nochwepheshe bezempilo bakho ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yakho ngokudla, utshwala, noma utshaba. Ukuba khona kwezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha kungathinta ukusetshenziswa kwale mithi. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi:
Indlela yokusebenzisa leli khambi
Udokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe bezempilo oqeqeshwe ngokufanele uzokunika wena noma ingane yakho le miyekezo esikhungweni sezempilo. Inikezwa ngenhlanzi ebekwe kwenye yezinhlanzi zakho. I-Dactinomycin ngezinye izikhathi inikezwa kanye nezinye izidakamizwa. Uma uthola ukuxuba kwezidakamizwa, kubalulekile ukuthi uthole ngayinye ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma uthatha ezinye zalezi zidakamizwa ngomlomo, cela udokotela wakho akusize uhlele indlela yokukhumbula ukuzithatha ngezikhathi ezifanele. Le miyekezo ivame ukubangela isicanucanu nokugabha. Noma kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqhubeke uthola le miyekezo, ngisho noma uqala ukuzwa ukugula. Cela udokotela wakho izindlela zokunciphisa le miphumela. Le miyekezo inenkani kakhulu futhi ingalimaza kakhulu isikhumba sakho, amehlo, khala, umlomo, noma amaphaphu. Imithi akufanele ibe nokuthintana nesikhumba sakho, amehlo, noma noma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Uma noma iyiphi imithi ingena emehlweni, geza ngamanzi, i-saline evamile, noma isisombululo sokuhlanza amehlo esilinganiselayo okungenani imizuzu engu-15 bese uqala udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma noma iyiphi imithi ingena esikhumbeni sakho, geza ingxenye ethintekile ngamanzi noma ufake uqhwa okungenani imizuzu engu-15 ngenkathi ususa izingubo nezicathulo ezingcolile. Qala udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Izingubo ezingcolile kufanele zibhujiswe futhi izicathulo kufanele zihlanzwe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwazo futhi.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.