Yini i-Daptomycin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Daptomycin iyisibulala-magciwane esinamandla odokotela abasinika ngomjovo ukuze balwe nezifo ezinzima ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ingaphansi kohlobo olukhethekile lwezibulala-magciwane olubizwa ngokuthi ama-lipopeptides, asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izibulala-magciwane ongase uzazi.

Lo muthi ngokuvamile ugcinelwe izifo eziqine kakhulu noma ezibangelwa amagciwane angasabeli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzokunika i-daptomycin kuphela uma ekholelwa ukuthi iyona ndlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

Yini i-Daptomycin?

I-Daptomycin yisibulala-magciwane esinikezwa ngudokotela esinikezwa ngqo egazini lakho ngomugqa we-intravenous (IV). Yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi “indlela yokugcina” noma isibulala-magciwane esikhethekile, okusho ukuthi sisetshenziswa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzanga noma zingafanele.

Lo muthi wenzelwe ngqo ukulwa namagciwane aqinile asevele amelana nezibulala-magciwane eziningi. Cabanga ngayo njengethuluzi elikhethekile elisetshenziswa udokotela wakho ekulweni nezifo eziyinselele.

Ngokungafani nezibulala-magciwane ongase uzithathe ngomlomo, i-daptomycin kufanele inikezwe esibhedlela noma endaweni yezokwelapha lapho ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bengakuqapha ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuqapha okucophelelayo kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo ngenkathi ekugcina uphephile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Daptomycin?

I-Daptomycin ilapha ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezibangelwa amagciwane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta isikhumba sakho, igazi, noma inhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze yona uma unezifo ezingakwazanga ukulashwa ezinye izibulala-magciwane.

Lo muthi usebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi amagciwane e-gram-positive. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane e-staph ne-strep ezingabangela izifo ezisongela impilo.

Nawa amanye amazwi i-daptomycin esiza ukuwelapha, futhi ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe unolwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho:

• Izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile ezihilela izendlalelo ezijule kakhulu zezicubu
• Izifo ezingena egazini (i-bacteremia) lapho amagciwane engene egazini lakho
• Izifo ze-valve yenhliziyo engakwesokudla (i-endocarditis) ezithinta ingaphakathi lenhliziyo
• Izifo zamathambo namalunga (i-osteomyelitis) kwezinye izimo
• Izifo ezibangelwa yi-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Lezi zifo zibucayi kodwa ziyelapheka ngemithi efanele. Ithimba lakho lezempilo likhethe i-daptomycin ngoba likholelwa ukuthi likunika ithuba elingcono kakhulu lokululama ngokugcwele.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Daptomycin?

I-Daptomycin isebenza ngokuhlasela izindonga zamaseli amagciwane ngendlela eyingqayizivele eyenza isebenze kahle kakhulu kumagciwane amelana nayo. Iphazamisa ikhono lamagciwane lokugcina igobolondo lawo elivikelayo, okugcina liwabulele.

Lo muthi wokulwa namagciwane ubhekwa njengonamandla kakhulu, okusho ukuthi unamandla amakhulu ekulweni nezifo ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, lawa mandla asho nokuthi kudingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza ngokuphepha emzimbeni wakho.

Okukhethekile nge-daptomycin ukuthi isebenza ngisho nalapho amagciwane eseqonde ukuthi angamelana kanjani neminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Kufana nokuba nokhiye oyinhloko osasebenza ngisho nalapho amagciwane eseshintshe izingidi zawo.

Umuthi udinga i-calcium ukuze usebenze kahle, yingakho ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada amazinga akho e-calcium ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lokhu kubambisana phakathi kwe-daptomycin ne-calcium kubalulekile ukuthi umuthi wenze umsebenzi wawo ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Daptomycin?

I-Daptomycin ngaso sonke isikhathi inikezwa ngomugqa we-IV ngabasebenzi bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe esibhedlela noma endaweni yezokwelapha. Ngeke uthathe lo muthi ekhaya noma ngomlomo.

Umuthi uvame ukunikezwa kanye ngosuku, futhi ngakunye ukumnika kuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 ukuqedela. Umhlengikazi wakho uzokuqapha ngalesi sikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uzizwa ukhululekile futhi usabela kahle ekwelashweni.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuqale, ithimba lakho lezempilo cishe lizokwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi umzimba wakho usukulungele imithi. Bazohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kanye nama-enzyme emisipha ukuze basungule umugqa oqondile wokuqapha.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuhlela lesi sithako sokudla ngoba siqondana ngqo emjondolo wakho wegazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlala unamanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi (ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekweluleka ngenye indlela) kungasiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenze imithi ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Daptomycin?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwakho nge-daptomycin buxhomeke ohlotsheni kanye nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho. Abantu abaningi bathola ukwelashwa izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14, kodwa ezinye izifo zingase zidinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esiqondile esekelwe ekutheni usabela kahle kangakanani emithini kanye nebacteria ethile ebangela ukutheleleka kwakho. Bazokwazi ukuqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Ezifweni zomjondolo wegazi, ungase udinge ukwelashwa amasonto amaningana ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izibacteria ziqediwe. Ukutheleleka kwamavalvu enhliziyo kuvame ukudinga izikhathi zokwelashwa ezinde, ngezinye izikhathi kufika kumaviki ayi-6 noma ngaphezulu.

Kubalulekile ukuqeda inkambo ephelele yokwelashwa ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amagciwane ukuthi abuye futhi abe maningi ukumelana nokwelashwa.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Daptomycin?

Njengayo yonke imithi enamandla, i-daptomycin ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha eduze ukuze libambe noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni futhi ziziphatha ngempumelelo.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi iyaphathwa. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiselelwe kakhulu futhi ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngokwelashwa kwakho.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, iqala ngaleyo evame kakhulu:

• Ukugula noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuqaqamba kwekhanda
• Ukuphuma isisu
• Ukuqina kwesisu
• Isiyezi
• Ukuphendula endaweni yokujova njengobubomvu noma ukuvuvukala
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele

Le miphumela evamile emibi ivamise ukuba yesikhashana futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linolwazi lokuphatha le miphumela futhi lingakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile.

Kukhona neminye imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukwazi:

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, noma ukuqaqamba (izimpawu zokulimala kwemisipha)
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba okune-rash, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokugwinya
• Ukuphuma igazi okungavamile noma ukulimala
• Ukuphuma isisu okukhulu okungase kubonise isimo esibucayi samathumbu
• I-peripheral neuropathy (ukuzwa ukuluma noma ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni)

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngale miphumela ebucayi ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo nokuhlolwa. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo, unganqikazi ukwazisa abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Daptomycin?

I-Daptomycin ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Izimo ezithile noma imithi ingenza i-daptomycin ingaphephile noma ingasebenzi kahle.

Abantu abaziwa ukuthi bane-allergies ku-daptomycin noma kunoma yiziphi izingxenye zayo akufanele bathole lo muthi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizobuza ngomlando wakho we-allergy ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Nazi izimo lapho i-daptomycin ingase ingabi yindlela efanele kuwe:

• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu noma izifo zamaphaphu (i-daptomycin ayisebenzi kahle ezicutshini zamaphaphu)
• Isifo esibi sezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Umlando wezifo zemisipha noma ubuhlungu bemisipha obungachazeki
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kwemithi ethile yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-statins)
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa (ngaphandle uma izinzuzo ziqeda ubungozi)
• Izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ubudala

Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela lezi zinto ngokumelene nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho ukuze enze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu sempilo yakho. Ngezikhathi ezithile izinzuzo zokwelashwa ziqeda ubungozi, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Daptomycin

I-Daptomycin itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Cubicin iyona engumkhiqizo wokuqala owaziwa kakhulu. Ungase futhi uhlangane ne-Cubicin RF, okuyindlela entsha eyenzelwe ukuthi ibe lula ukuyilungisa.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-daptomycin nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Isikhungo sakho sokunakekelwa kwezempilo sizosebenzisa noma iyiphi inguqulo efaneleka kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Umkhiqizo othile noma inguqulo ejwayelekile oyitholayo ayithinti ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kwakho. Zonke izinhlobo ze-daptomycin ezivunyelwe zihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo zokuphepha nokusebenza kahle.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Daptomycin

Ezinye izibulala-magciwane eziningana zingelapha izifo ezifanayo ne-daptomycin, nakuba udokotela wakho ekhethe i-daptomycin ngezizathu ezithile ezihlobene nesimo sakho. Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa i-vancomycin, i-linezolid, ne-tigecycline.

I-Vancomycin ivame ukubhekwa njengenye indlela eseduze ne-daptomycin yokwelapha izifo ezibucayi zamagciwane e-gram-positive. Kodwa-ke, amanye amagciwane amelana ne-vancomycin angase asabele ku-daptomycin.

Ezinye izindlela ezinjenge-linezolid zingathathwa ngomlomo, okungase kubonakale kulula. Kodwa-ke, isibulala-magciwane ngasinye sinamandla aso kanye nemikhawulo yaso, futhi udokotela wakho ukhethe i-daptomycin ngoba iyona engcono kakhulu yokutheleleka kwakho okuthile.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezintweni ezinjengamagciwane athile abangela ukutheleleka kwakho, ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kubi kangakanani.

Ingabe i-Daptomycin ingcono kune-Vancomycin?

I-Daptomycin ne-vancomycin zombili ziyizibulala-magciwane ezinhle kakhulu, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinamandla ahlukene. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye - kuncike esimweni sakho esithile.

I-Daptomycin ingase ithandwe uma amagciwane emelana ne-vancomycin noma uma umuntu enezinkinga zezinso ezenza i-vancomycin ibe yingozi. Iphinda isebenze ngokushesha kwezinye izimo, okungenzeka ukuthi kunciphisa isikhathi sokwelashwa.

I-Vancomycin isetshenziswe isikhathi eside futhi iyasebenza ekuthelelekeni kwamaphaphu, kuyilapho i-daptomycin ingasetshenziswa nge-pneumonia. I-Vancomycin ngokuvamile ayibizi kakhulu futhi itholakala kabanzi.

Udokotela wakho ucabangele lezi zinto kanye nokutheleleka kwakho okuthile, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, neminye imithi lapho ekukhethela i-daptomycin. Thembela ukuthi lesi sinqumo senziwe ngezithakazelo zakho ezingcono kakhulu engqondweni.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Daptomycin

Ingabe i-Daptomycin iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Daptomycin ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokulungiswa kwemithamo okungenzeka. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge imithamo ephansi noma ukulinganisa okungavamile ukuvimbela imithi ukuthi ingaqongeleli emzimbeni wabo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.

Uma izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle, udokotela wakho angase akhethe elinye i-antibiotic noma alungise umthamo wakho we-daptomycin ukuze akugcine uphephile ngenkathi uselapha ukutheleleka kwakho ngempumelelo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngizwa ubuhlungu bemisipha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Xhumana nethimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha uma uqala ukuba nobuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, noma amaja ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-daptomycin. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukulimala kwemisipha okudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqapha izinkinga zemisipha ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zegazi ezivamile ezihlola ama-enzyme emisipha. Uma la mazinga ekhuphuka, kungase kudingeke ukuthi bayeke umuthi noma balungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ungazishayi indiva izimpawu zemisipha noma ucabange ukuthi zivela nje ekubeni esibhedlela. Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwemiphumela emibi yemisipha kungavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína.

Ngingawathatha Eminye Imithi Ngesikhathi Ngithatha I-Daptomycin?

Imithi eminingi ingathathwa ngokuphepha ne-daptomycin, kodwa eminye ingase ihlangane noma ikhulise ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizobuyekeza yonke imithi yakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Imithi ethile ye-cholesterol (ama-statins) ingase ikhulise ingozi yezinkinga zemisipha uma ihlanganiswe ne-daptomycin. Udokotela wakho angase ayeke le mithi okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.

Njalo yazisa abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathathayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo zemithi yezitshalo ezingase zibonakale zingalimazi.

Ngizokwazi Kanjani Ukuthi I-Daptomycin Iyasebenza?

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokwazi ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani ku-daptomycin ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zegazi ezivamile, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nokulandela izimpawu. Kufanele uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Izimpawu zokuthi umuthi uyasebenza zihlanganisa ukwehla komkhuhlane, ukuncipha kobuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala ezindaweni zokutheleleka, amazinga amandla athuthukisiwe, nokuzizwa ungcono sekukonke. Izivivinyo zakho zegazi zizokhombisa nezimpawu zokwehla kokutheleleka.

Uma ungaqapheli ukuthuthuka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziningana, ungakhathazeki ngokushesha. Ezinye izifo zithatha isikhathi ukusabela, futhi udokotela wakho uzolungisa uhlelo lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Kuzokwenzekani Ngemuva Kokuqeda Ukwelashwa Nge-Daptomycin?

Ngemva kokuqeda inkambo yakho ye-daptomycin, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqoka ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kuqediwe ngokuphelele. Ungase udinge ezinye izivivinyo zegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagciwane aselahlekile.

Abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini yabo ejwayelekile kancane kancane ngemva kokwelashwa, kodwa ukululama okuphelele kuncike ekutheni ukutheleleka kwakho kwakunzima kangakanani kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqondisa ngokuthi kuphephile nini ukuqala kabusha imisebenzi ejwayelekile.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ama-antibiotics engeziwe ngomlomo ukuze baqede ukwelashwa kwabo, kanti abanye bangase baqede ngokuphelele ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokululama olwenzelwe isimo sakho esithile.