Yini i-Disopyramide: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Disopyramide iyikhambi lenhliziyo elinikezwa ngudokotela elisiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Ingaphansi kohlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antiarrhythmics, asebenza ngokulawula amasignali kagesi enhliziyweni yakho ukuze kubuyiselwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile, okuzinzile.

Le mithi isetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene zokushaya kwenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele yona uma inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kancane kakhulu, noma ngendlela engajwayelekile engaba yingozi empilweni yakho.

Yini i-Disopyramide?

I-Disopyramide iyikhambi le-Class IA antiarrhythmic elizinzisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Isebenza ngokuvimba iziteshi ezithile ze-sodium emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho, okusiza ukwehlisa nokulawula ukushaya kagesi okungajwayelekile.

Lo muthi uza ngesimo sama-capsule akhishwa ngokushesha nangokukhishwa isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukwakheka okulungile ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengesistimu kagesi ekhaya lakho. Uma izintambo ziphazamiseka, amalambu angase acime noma izinto zikagesi zingase zingasebenzi kahle. I-Disopyramide isebenza njengomgqugquzeli kagesi, isiza ukulungisa lezo zimpawu ezingajwayelekile ukuze inhliziyo yakho ishayele ngesigqi esizinzile, esihleliwe.

Yini i-Disopyramide Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Disopyramide ikakhulukazi ibhalelwe ukwelapha ama-arrhythmias e-ventricular asongela impilo. Lezi yizinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo eziyingozi eziqala emagumbini aphansi enhliziyo yakho futhi ezingabulala uma zingelashwa.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome le mithi uma une-ventricular tachycardia eqhubekayo, lapho inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha okuyingozi. Isetshenziselwa futhi izinhlobo ezithile ze-ventricular fibrillation, isigqi senhliziyo esixakile esivimbela inhliziyo yakho ukuthi ipompe igazi ngempumelelo.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela banikeza i-disopyramide ye-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, isimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho iba makhulu ngokungavamile. Umuthi ungasiza ukunciphisa ukuvinjelwa enhliziyweni yakho futhi uthuthukise izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu besifuba nokuphefumula kanzima.

Ngokuvamile, ingasetshenziswa ezinye izinhlobo ze-atrial arrhythmias, nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuba uma eminye imithi ingasebenzi kahle kuwe. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi i-disopyramide iyisinqumo esifanele yini isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Disopyramide?

I-Disopyramide ithathwa njengomuthi ophakathi nendawo wokulwa ne-arrhythmic. Isebenza ngokuvimba iziteshi ze-sodium ezisheshayo emangqamuzaneni emisipha yenhliziyo yakho, okunciphisa ukuhamba kukagesi okuqala ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye.

Lapho isigqi senhliziyo yakho singavamile, kuvame ukuba ngenxa yokuthi amasignali kagesi ahamba ngokushesha kakhulu noma ngendlela engahlelekile ngemisipha yenhliziyo yakho. I-Disopyramide isiza ukunciphisa lezi zimpawu futhi izenze zihleleke kakhulu, njengomlawuli wethrafikhi olawula izindawo ezimatasa.

Umuthi futhi unomphumela odokotela abawubiza ngokuthi

Ungayithatha le mithi ngaphandle kokudla noma ngemva kokudla, kodwa zama ukungaguquguquki ekukhetheni kwakho. Uma imithi ikukhathaza isisu sakho, ukuyithatha ngokudla okulula noma ukudla okulula kungasiza ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uvule amaphilisi, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olukhishwa isikhathi eside, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthi imithi eningi ikhishwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emithi egazini lakho. Ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni ngeshejuli yakho yokulinganisa.

Uma uthatha uhlobo olukhishwa isikhathi eside, gwema ukuphuza utshwala njengoba kungathinta indlela umuthi omuncwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Futhi, qaphela ngama-grapefruit nejusi le-grapefruit, ngoba lokhu kungasebenzisana nemithi eminingi yenhliziyo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Disopyramide?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwe-disopyramide buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo senhliziyo yakho esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abanye abantu bayayidinga izinyanga ezimbalwa nje, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Ngezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingamahlalakhona, udokotela wakho angase ayinikeze isikhathi esifushane ngenkathi eqapha ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani. Uma izigqi ezingavamile zilawulwa futhi zingabuyi, ungase ukwazi ukuyeka imithi kancane kancane.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesimo esingamahlalakhona njenge-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ungase udinge ukuthatha i-disopyramide iminyaka eminingi noma ngisho naphakade. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi izinzuzo zisaqhubeka yini ukwedlula noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-disopyramide ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi izinkinga zakho zesigqi senhliziyo zibuye, ngezinye izikhathi zibe zimbi kakhulu kunakuqala. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ishejuli yokunciphisa uma ukuyeka kufanelekile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Disopyramide?

Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa, i-disopyramide ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ihlobene nezakhiwo ze-anticholinergic zomuthi kanye nemiphumela yawo enhliziyweni yakho.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa njalo ongase uyithole:

• Umlomo nomphimbo owomile
• Ukubona okungacacile noma ubunzima bokugxila
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ubunzima bokuchama noma ukugcinwa komchamo
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ukuhlala unamanzi kahle nokusebenzisa uswidi ongenashukela noma ama-lozenge kungasiza ngomlomo owomile.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ingenzeka, nakuba ingavamile. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi kufaka phakathi:

• Izinkinga ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo zesigqi senhliziyo
• Isiyezi esibi noma ukuquleka
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho, emaqakaleni, noma ezinyaweni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Izimpawu zikashukela ophansi (ukujuluka, ukuthuthumela, ukudideka)

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezingathi sína, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ngokungavamile, i-disopyramide ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu efana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu, ukwehla okuyingozi kwengcindezi yegazi, noma ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze, ikakhulu lapho uqala ukwelashwa, ukuze abheke lezi zinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Disopyramide?

I-Disopyramide ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile zenza lo muthi ube yingozi noma ungasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthathe i-disopyramide uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu, njengoba lo muthi ungenza inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukumpompa igazi ngempumelelo. Akunconywa futhi uma unezinhlobo ezithile zokuvinjwa kwenhliziyo ngaphandle kwe-pacemaker.

Abantu abane-glaucoma kufanele bagweme i-disopyramide ngoba imiphumela yayo ye-anticholinergic ingakhuphula ingcindezi yamehlo futhi yenze isimo sibe sibi. Ngokufanayo, uma unesifo sezinso noma sesibindi esibi kakhulu, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukucabangela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ezinye izimo ezingase zikuvimbele ukuthi ungathathi i-disopyramide zihlanganisa:

• I-Myasthenia gravis (ukuwohloka kwemisipha)
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula ezinzima
• Ukwanda kwendlala yesinye ngokuphazamiseka komchamo
• Ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-disopyramide noma imithi efanayo

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa nazo zidinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba i-disopyramide ingawela i-placenta futhi idlulele obisini lwebele. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Disopyramide

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo we-disopyramide yi-Norpace, etholakala kokubili ekukhishweni okusheshayo kanye nokukhishwa okweluliwe. Inguqulo yokukhishwa okweluliwe ibizwa nge-Norpace CR.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-disopyramide nazo ziyatholakala futhi ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithathe indawo yohlobo olujwayelekile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ecela ngokuqondile igama lomkhiqizo.

Noma ngabe uthola igama lomkhiqizo noma uhlobo olujwayelekile, umuthi usebenza ngendlela efanayo. Imithi ejwayelekile kufanele ihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezifanayo eziqinile zekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle njengemithi yegama lomkhiqizo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Disopyramide

Uma i-disopyramide ingakulungele noma ingasebenzi kahle, udokotela wakho unezinye izindlela zokwelapha okufanele azicabangele. Ukukhetha kuncike ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lwe-arrhythmia kanye nesimo sempilo yakho yonke.

Ezinye izigaba ze-I ze-antiarrhythmics zifaka i-quinidine ne-procainamide, ezisebenza ngendlela efana ne-disopyramide kodwa zingase zibe nemiphumela ehlukile. Udokotela wakho angase azame enye yalezi uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela i-disopyramide.

Izigaba ze-III ze-antiarrhythmics njenge-amiodarone noma i-sotalol ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziswa njengezinye izindlela, ikakhulukazi kuma-arrhythmias asongela impilo. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ezinkingeni ezithile zesigqi.

Ezimweni ezithile, ama-beta-blockers noma ama-calcium channel blockers angase abe ezinye izindlela ezifanele. Le mithi ivame ukubekezelelwa kangcono futhi ingasebenza ezinhlotsheni ezithile ze-arrhythmias.

Ukwelashwa okungekona okwemithi njenge-catheter ablation, ama-cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) afakelwayo, noma ama-pacemakers kungase futhi kucatshangelwe kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Disopyramide Ingcono Kune-Quinidine?

Kokubili i-disopyramide ne-quinidine bangama-Class IA antiarrhythmics asebenza ngezindlela ezifanayo, kodwa banezinto ezibalulekile ezibahlukanisayo ezenza enye ifaneleke kakhulu kunenye kwabanye abantu.

I-Disopyramide ivame ukuba nemiphumela emincane ye-gastrointestinal kuno-quinidine, okuvame ukubangela isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nohudo. Uma uke waba nezinkinga zesisu nge-quinidine, i-disopyramide ingase ibekezeleleke kangcono.

Nokho, i-disopyramide inemiphumela eqinile ye-anticholinergic, okusho ukuthi maningi amathuba okuthi uzwe umlomo owomile, umbono ongacacile, nokugcinwa komchamo. I-Quinidine ngokuvamile ingcono uma uthambekele kulezi zinhlobo zemiphumela.

Ezigulini ezinenhliziyo ehlulekayo, kokubili imithi idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela, kodwa udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici zakho eziyingozi lapho ekhetha phakathi kwazo. Akukho ngaphezulu ngokucacile, njengoba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho esithile sezokwelapha nokuthi uyibekezelela kangakanani imithi ngayinye.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Disopyramide

Ingabe i-Disopyramide Iphephile Ku-Diabetes?

I-Disopyramide ingathinta amazinga kashukela egazini, ikakhulukazi ngokubangela i-hypoglycemia (ushukela ophansi wegazi). Uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ushukela wakho wegazi eduze lapho uqala lo muthi.

Umuthi ungamboza ezinye izimpawu zikashukela ophansi wegazi, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuqaphela lapho ushukela wakho wegazi wehla. Hlola ushukela wakho wegazi njalo futhi uqaphele ezinye izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia njengokujuluka, ukudideka, noma ukuthuthumela.

Imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela ingase idinge ukulungiswa ngenkathi uthatha i-disopyramide. Sebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela we-endocrinologist ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimo senhliziyo yakho nesifo sikashukela kulawulwa kahle.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Disopyramide Engaphezu Kwemithi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-disopyramide eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma shayela ukulawulwa kwezinto ezinobuthi. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína zesigqi senhliziyo, ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi, noma ezinye izinkinga eziyingozi.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi uzizwa ulungile yini. Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya isiyezi esikhulu, ukuquleka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma izinguquko esigqini senhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kungaba yingozi ekuphileni futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Uma kungenzeka, letha ibhodlela lomuthi nawe egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi ungakanani. Isikhathi sibalulekile ekwelapheni ukweqisa imithi.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Disopyramide?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-disopyramide, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Uma uthatha ifomu lokukhishwa okweluliwe, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba ukuphinda kabili kungakhipha imithi eningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uma ukhohlwa njalo imithamo, setha izikhumbuzi ocingweni lwakho noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi. Ukugcina amazinga egazi aqhubekayo ale mithi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngempumelelo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Disopyramide?

Yeka kuphela ukuthatha i-disopyramide uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izinkinga zakho zokushaya kwenhliziyo ukuthi zibuye, ngezinye izikhathi zibe zimbi kakhulu kunakuqala.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinto eziningana ngaphambi kokuyeka imithi, okuhlanganisa ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kulawulwe kahle kangakanani, ukuthi isimo sakho esiyisisekelo sithuthukile yini, nokuthi ngabe imithi ehlukile iyatholakala yini.

Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka, udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokwehlisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma emasontweni ambalwa. Le nqubo yokunciphisa isiza ukuvimbela ama-arrhythmias abuyayo futhi inikeza inhliziyo yakho isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nokusebenza ngaphandle komuthi.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Disopyramide?

Kungcono ukukhawulela noma ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-disopyramide, ikakhulukazi uma usefomini elikhishwe isikhathi eside. Utshwala bungaphazamisa indlela umuthi ogaywa ngayo futhi bungase landise ingozi yemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi noma umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Utshwala bungase futhi buthinte ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngokuzimela, okungenzeka busebenze ngokumelene nezinzuzo zomuthi wakho. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela futhi uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.

Qaphela kakhulu ngotshwala uma futhi unesifo sikashukela, njengoba inhlanganisela yotshwala ne-disopyramide ingandisa ingozi yakho yezigameko zikashukela ophansi.