Yini i-Edaravone: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Edaravone iyimithi evikela imizwa esiza ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwe-ALS (isifo sikaLou Gehrig). Le mithi yomlomo isebenza ngokuvikela amaseli emizwa ekulimaleni okubangelwa ama-molecule ayingozi abizwa ngokuthi ama-free radicals. Ngenkathi ingelaphi i-ALS, i-edaravone ingasiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwemisipha futhi yehlise ukwehla kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke kwabanye abantu abaphila nalesi simo.

Yini i-Edaravone?

I-Edaravone iyimithi kadokotela eyenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). I-ALS yisifo esiqhubekayo sezinzwa esithinta amaseli emizwa anesibopho sokulawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha ngokuzithandela. Le mithi ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antioxidants, okusho ukuthi isiza ukuvikela amaseli ekulimaleni.

Ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa eJapane, i-edaravone yaqala ukugunyazwa njengokwelashwa ngemithambo. Ifomu lomlomo linikeza inketho elula ezigulini ezidinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Le mithi imelela enye yezindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezigunyazwe yi-FDA ezitholakala ezigulini ze-ALS.

Umuthi usebenza ezingeni leselula ukulwa nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, okudlala indima ebalulekile ekufeni kwamaseli emizwa ku-ALS. Ngokunciphisa lokhu kulimala kwamaselula, i-edaravone ingasiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwezinzwa isikhathi eside.

Isetshenziselwani i-Edaravone?

I-Edaravone isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-ALS kubantu abadala. Le mithi ikhonjiswe ngokuqondile ezigulini ezihlangabezana nemibandela ethile futhi ekhombisa ubufakazi bokuqhubeka kwesifo. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi le mithi ilungele yini isimo sakho esithile.

Le mithi ayikwelaphi i-ALS, kodwa ingasiza ukunciphisa izinga lokwehla komsebenzi womzimba. Izifundo zemitholampilo zikhombisile ukuthi ezinye iziguli zithola ukuqhubeka okuhamba kancane kwezimpawu lapho zithatha i-edaravone uma ziqhathaniswa nalabo abangatholi ukwelashwa.

Njengamanje, i-edaravone ayivunyelwe ezinye izimo zemizwa, nakuba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokuhlola izinzuzo zalo ezingaba khona kwezinye izifo ezihilela ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqoka ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekayo yini ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nesimo sakho samanje.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Edaravone?

I-Edaravone isebenza ngokwenza njenge-antioxidant enamandla evikela amaseli emizwa ekulimaleni. Ku-ALS, ama-molecule ayingozi abizwa ngokuthi ama-radicals amahhala aqongelela futhi abangele ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, okulimaza futhi kubulale ama-motor neurons. Lawa amaseli emizwa alawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha ngokuzithandela.

Umuthi uqoqa la ma-radicals amahhala ngaphambi kokuba alimaze amaseli. Cabanga ngayo njengendlovu evikelayo ezungeze amaseli akho emizwa, esiza ukugcina umsebenzi wawo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuvikela kungasiza ukugcina amandla emisipha nomsebenzi isikhathi eside kunokuba kwenzeke ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Ngenkathi i-edaravone ithathwa njengokwelashwa okuphakathi nendawo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kancane kancane. Izinzuzo zingase zingabonakali ngokushesha, futhi umuthi udinga ukuthathwa njalo ukuze ugcine imiphumela yawo yokuvikela.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Edaravone?

Ukumiswa ngomlomo kwe-Edaravone kufanele kuthathwe ngendlela eqondile njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Umuthi uza njengoketshezi olulinganiswa ngokucophelela usebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe. Iziguli eziningi ziyithatha kabili ngosuku, kodwa isimiso sakho esithile sokulinganisa sizoxhomeka ezidingweni zakho.

Ungathatha i-edaravone ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, nakuba ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa isisu uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini. Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe esiqandisini futhi unyakaziswe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxuba okufanele.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya noma ukuphatha uhlobo oluwuketshezi, khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana namasu angasiza ukwenza ukuphatha kube lula.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Edaravone?

I-Edaravone ngokuvamile inikezwa njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-ALS. Iziguli eziningi ziqhubeka nokuthatha umuthi uma nje zikwazi ukuwuthwala futhi uma nje udokotela wazo ekholelwa ukuthi unikeza inzuzo. Lokhu kungasho ukuyithatha izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusabela kwakho emuthini ngokuhlolwa njalo nokuhlolwa. Bazohlola ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kuyasiza yini ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo sakho nokuthi ngabe uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ekhathazayo.

Isinqumo sokuqhubeka noma ukuyeka i-edaravone sincike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuthi uyawuthwala kahle kangakanani umuthi, isimo sakho sempilo esiphelele, nobufakazi benzuzo eqhubekayo. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-edaravone ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Edaravone?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-edaravone ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyaphathwa futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ikhanda, isiyezi, isicanucanu, nokukhathala. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zithambile futhi zivame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ehlukaniswe ngokuthi ivame kangakanani ukwenzeka:

Imiphumela emibi evamile (ethinta ngaphezu kuka-10% weziguli):

• Ikhanda
• Isiyezi
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ubunzima bokulala

Imiphumela emibi engavamile (ethinta u-1-10% weziguli):

• Ukuphalaza
• Ukuphuma isifo sohudo
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi (ethinta ngaphansi kuka-1% weziguli):

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu nokuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma umphimbo
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu
• Izinkinga zesibindi ezinokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
• Ushintsho olukhulu ekubalweni kwamaseli egazi

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphumela emibi ebucayi noma ukungezwani komzimba, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Imiphumela eminingi emibi ingeyesikhashana futhi ingalawuleka ngesiqondiso esifanele sezokwelapha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Edaravone?

I-Edaravone ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izimo zingenza kungaphephile ukuthi uthathe lo muthi. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuchazela i-edaravone.

Akufanele uthathe i-edaravone uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani komzimba nomuthi noma yiziphi izithako zawo. Ukwengeza, abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima noma izinkinga zezinso bangase badinge ukugwema lo muthi noma badinge ukuqapha okukhethekile.

Nazi izimo ezithile lapho i-edaravone ingase ingafaneleki khona:

Izimo eziphikisayo eziphelele (akufanele uthathe i-edaravone):

• Ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-edaravone noma izithako zayo
• Isifo sesibindi esinzima noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Isifo sezinso esiphelile esidinga ukuhlanza igazi
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa

Izimo ezidinga ukuqapha okukhethekile:

• Izinkinga zesibindi eziphakathi nendawo
• Isifo sezinso
• Umlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula noma isifo samaphaphu
• Izifo zegazi

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqaphela izinzuzo ezingaba khona uma ziqhathaniswa nezingozi zesimo sakho esithile. Bangase batusa ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma i-edaravone ingakulungele.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Edaravone

I-Edaravone itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo ngokuya ngendawo yakho kanye nokwakheka okuthile. Igama lomkhiqizo elivamile kakhulu le-oral form yi-Radicava ORS (Oral Suspension), okuyiyona engajwayelekile ukunqunywa e-United States.

I-intravenous form yokuqala ibizwa nje ngokuthi i-Radicava. Zombili lezi zindlela ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo kodwa zinikezwa ngendlela ehlukile. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi ifomu nomkhiqizo ofanele kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-edaravone zingase zitholakale esikhathini esizayo, okungahlinzeka ngezinketho zokwelapha ezingabizi kakhulu. Njalo sebenzisa umkhiqizo othile noma inguqulo ye-generic enqunywe udokotela wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukwakheka okulungile.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Edaravone

Ngenkathi i-edaravone ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezivunyelwe yi-FDA ze-ALS, kukhona eminye imithi nezindlela ezingacatshangwa. I-Riluzole ngomunye umuthi ovunyelwe ngokuqondile ukwelapha i-ALS osebenza ngendlela ehlukile.

I-Riluzole isiza ukunciphisa ubuthi be-glutamate ebuchosheni, okuyinye indlela ebandakanyeka ekuthuthukiseni i-ALS. Ezinye iziguli zingase zithathe le mithi yomibili ndawonye, ​​kanti ezinye zingase zisebenzise enye noma enye ngokuya ngempendulo yazo kanye nokubekezelelana.

Ngaphandle kwemithi, ukunakekelwa okuphelele kwe-ALS kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa komsebenzi, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, nokusekelwa kokudla okunomsoco. Lokhu kwelashwa okusekelayo kusebenza kanye nemithi ukusiza ukugcina izinga lempilo kanye nomsebenzi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ingabe i-Edaravone ingcono kune-Riluzole?

Kokubili i-edaravone ne-riluzole ziyizindlela zokwelapha ezibalulekile ze-ALS, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezehlukene futhi zingazuza ezigulini ezehlukene. Esikhundleni sokuthi eyodwa ibe ngcono kunenye, zivame ukubhekwa njengezindlela zokwelapha ezingaphelelisana ezingasetshenziswa ndawonye.

I-Riluzole isitholakala isikhathi eside futhi inemininingwane ebanzi yokuphepha yesikhathi eside. Isebenza ngokunciphisa ubuthi be-glutamate, kuyilapho i-edaravone igxila ekuvikelweni kwe-antioxidant. Ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi ukuhlanganisa le mithi emibili kungahlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezingaphezu kokusebenzisa eyodwa kuphela.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengokuqhubeka kwesifo sakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imiphumela engaba khona, nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho enquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa noma inhlanganisela yokwelashwa okungcono kuwe. Isinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Edaravone

Q1. Ingabe i-Edaravone iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Edaravone ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha nokuhlola okucophelelayo ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Umuthi ungase ube nomthelela esigqi senhliziyo kwabanye abantu, ngakho udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuqapha okwengeziwe kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ama-electrocardiograms (ECGs) avamile ukuze kuhlolwe isigqi senhliziyo yakho futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umuthi awubangeli izinguquko ezikhathazayo.

Abantu abaningi abanezimo zenhliziyo bangayithatha ngokuphepha i-edaravone, kodwa isinqumo sidinga ukulinganisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-ALS yakho ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wakho wezinzwa kufanele basebenzisane ukuze bakhe uhlelo lokwelapha oliphephe kakhulu kuwe.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngisebenzisa i-Edaravone eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngabe uthatha i-edaravone eningi kunaleyo oyinikiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha imithi eminingi kakhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle futhi kungadinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Ungazami ukuzama "ukulungisa" ukweqisa ngokuqaqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, buyela esimisweni sakho sokulinganisa esivamile njengoba uqondiswe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Gcina umkhondo wokuthi ungakanani ngempela umuthi owengeziwe owuthathile nokuthi uwuthathile nini.

Izimpawu zokuthatha i-edaravone eningi kakhulu zingabandakanya isicanucanu esandisiwe, isiyezi, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Q3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Edaravone?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-edaravone, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nesimiso sakho sokulinganisa esivamile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingweni noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule.

Uma uphuthelwa imithamo eminingi noma unemibuzo mayelana nemithamo ephuthelwe, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Ukuqina ekuthathweni kwemithi yakho kubalulekile ekugcineni imiphumela yayo yokuvikela.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Edaravone?

Isinqumo sokuyeka ukuthatha i-edaravone kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Lo muthi uvame ukuqhubeka isikhathi eside njengoba uwuthola kahle futhi udokotela wakho ekholelwa ukuthi unikeza inzuzo ye-ALS yakho.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola njalo impendulo yakho ekwelashweni futhi angase ancome ukuyeka uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle engabekezeleleki noma uma isimo sakho siqhubekele ezingeni lapho umuthi ungasasizi khona.

Ezinye iziguli zingase zidingeke ukuthi zime okwesikhashana ukuthatha i-edaravone uma zithola izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma zidinga ukuthatha eminye imithi exhuma nayo. Udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa ngezinguquko zokwelashwa futhi akusize uqonde isizathu esingemuva kwezincomo zabo.

Q5. Ngingayithatha i-Edaravone neminye imithi ye-ALS?

I-Edaravone ingathathwa ngokuvamile kanye neminye imithi ye-ALS efana ne-riluzole, futhi iziguli eziningi ziyazuza kulolu hlobo lokuhlanganisa. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela yonke imithi yakho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi isebenza kahle ndawonye.

Eminye imithi ingase ixhumane ne-edaravone noma ithinte ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani. Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela oyithathayo ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthatha i-edaravone.

Udokotela wakho kungase kudingeke ukuthi alungise imithamo noma isikhathi sokuthatha eminye imithi uma uqala ukuthatha i-edaravone. Bazokuqapha ngokucophelela nganoma yikuphi ukuxhumana futhi benze izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphephile futhi okuphumelelayo.