Yini i-Eflornithine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Eflornithine iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukwelapha isifo sokulala sase-Afrika, isifo esibangelwa amagciwane esibangelwa izimpukane ze-tsetse. Lo mjovo usebenza ngokuvimba i-enzyme edingwa amagciwane ukuze asinde, empeleni awabulali emzimbeni wakho.

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi le mithi ingena kanjani ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. I-Eflornithine ibe yinto eguqula umdlalo kubantu abaningi ababhekene nalesi simo esiyinselele, inikeza ithemba lapho izinketho zake zilinganiselwe.

Yini i-Eflornithine?

I-Eflornithine iyimithi elwa namagciwane eqondise ngqo ama-trypanosomes, amagciwane amancane abangela isifo sokulala sase-Afrika. Lo muthi usebenza ngokuvimbela i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-ornithine decarboxylase, okuyinto la magciwane ayidinga ngempela ukuze azale futhi asinde.

Cabanga ngakho njengokunqamula ukudla kwamagciwane ezingeni leselula. Ngaphandle kwale enzyme ebalulekile, amagciwane awakwazi ukwenza amaprotheni awadingayo ukuze akhule futhi aphindaphane. Lokhu kunika amasosha akho omzimba ithuba elingcono lokulwa nokutheleleka.

Lo muthi uza njengesixazululo esingenazo izinto eziphilayo esinikezwa ngomugqa we-intravenous (IV) ngqo egazini lakho. Le ndlela yokuletha iqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi ufika ngokushesha nangempumelelo kumagciwane emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Isetshenziselwani i-Eflornithine?

I-Eflornithine isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha isigaba sesibili se-African trypanosomiasis, eyaziwa ngokuthi isifo sokulala. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagciwane ewele emaphakathi akho ezinzwa, ethinta ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla wakho.

Lo muthi usebenza ngokuqondile ngokumelene ne-Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, ebanga uhlobo lwaseNtshonalanga Afrika lwesifo sokulala. Lolu hlobo luvame ukuqhubeka kancane kune-East African variant, kodwa lusengozini futhi ludinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Udktela wakho angase ancome i-eflornithine uma utholwe ukuthi unesifo sokulala esigabeni sesibili ngezivivinyo zegazi, ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi omgogodla, noma ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga. Lo muthi ubonise impumelelo emangalisayo ekwelapheni lesi simo lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zingafaneleki.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Eflornithine?

I-Eflornithine ithathwa njengomuthi olinganiselwe we-antiparasitic osebenza ngendlela eyingqayizivele. Ivimba ngokuqondile i-ornithine decarboxylase, i-enzyme esetshenziswa ama-parasites ukuze akhiqize ama-polyamines - izakhi ezibalulekile zokukhula kwawo nokuzala kwawo.

Lapho ama-parasites engakwazi ukukhiqiza la ma-polyamines, ngokuyisisekelo alambela ezingeni leselula. Le nqubo ayenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa, yingakho ukwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha izinsuku eziningana ukuze kuqedwe. Umuthi ubuthaka kancane kancane ama-parasites kuze kube yilapho amasosha akho omzimba ekwazi ukuwasusa ngempumelelo emzimbeni wakho.

Okuthakazelisayo nge-eflornithine ikhono layo lokunqoba umgoqo wegazi-nobuchopho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingafinyelela kuma-parasites ahlole umgudu wakho wezinzwa ophakathi nendawo, izindawo lapho eminye imithi eminingi ilwa khona ukuze ingene ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Eflornithine?

I-Eflornithine inikezwa njalo njenge-infusion ye-intravenous esibhedlela noma endaweni yezokwelapha ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha. Ngeke uthathe lo muthi ekhaya, njengoba idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokulinganisa okunembile.

Ukwelashwa okuvamile kuhilela ukuthola umuthi njalo emahoreni ayisithupha izinsuku eziyi-14. Ukufakwa ngakunye kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya emahoreni amabili, kuye ngomthamo wakho othile nokuthi ukubekezelela kahle kangakanani ukwelashwa.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokudla ukudla okuthile ngaphambi kokwelashwa, kodwa ukuhlala unamanzi kubalulekile. Ithimba lakho lezempilo cishe lizokukhuthaza ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho ukuze usize izinso zakho zicubungule umuthi ngempumelelo.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, cishe uzodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela noma uvakashele emtholampilo izikhathi eziningi ngosuku. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kunzima, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inzuzo ephelele yemithi ngenkathi uhlala uphephile.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Eflornithine?

Inkambo yokwelashwa ejwayelekile nge-eflornithine ihlala izinsuku eziyi-14 ngqo, ngemithamo enikezwa njalo emahoreni ayisithupha ubusuku nemini. Lolu hlelo lwenzelwe ngokucophelela ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi egazini lakho.

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani isikhathi sokwelashwa sinembile kangaka. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi izinsuku eziyi-14 zinikeza ukulinganisela okuhle phakathi kokusebenza kahle nokunciphisa imiphumela emibi. Izifundo ezimfushane kungenzeka zingawaqedi ngokuphelele amapharasayithi, kuyilapho ukwelashwa okude kungathuthukisi imiphumela ngokuphawulekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho kuyo yonke inkathi yokwelashwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Noma ngabe uqala ukuzizwa ngcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kubalulekile ukuqeda inkambo yonke yezinsuku eziyi-14 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amapharasayithi aqediwe.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Eflornithine?

Njengemithi eminingi, i-eflornithine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, yize abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi ungakhathazeki ngokuqhubeka kwakho.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukukhathala, ikhanda, nezinkinga zamathumbu ezinjengokucasuka noma isifo sohudo. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi:

• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Ikhanda
• Ukwethuka nokuhlanza
• Isifo sohudo
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Isiyezi
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla

Le miphumela ejwayelekile ivamise ukulawuleka futhi yesikhashana. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linolwazi lokusiza iziguli ngalezi zimpawu futhi linganikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ukuze likugcine ukhululekile.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ingenzeka, nakuba ingavamile. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinguquko ezinkulu ekubalweni kwamaseli egazi lakho, izinkinga zokusebenza kwezinso, noma ukusabela okukhulu komzimba ngaphandle.

Nazi izinhlangothi ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína okufanele uziqaphele:

• I-anemia engathi sína (ukwehla kwesibalo samaseli abomvu egazi)
• I-Thrombocytopenia (ukwehla kwesibalo samaplatelet)
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso
• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba ngaphandle
• Ukushaywa yisithuthwane (okungavamile kakhulu)
• Izinkinga zokuzwa

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha eduze ukuze libone le miphumela engathi sína ngemibandela ejwayelekile yegazi kanye nokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Uma kuthuthuka noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo, zingashintsha uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokufanele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Eflornithine?

I-Eflornithine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ingabe iyona ndlela efanele esimweni sakho esithile. Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izimo zingenza lo muthi ungafaneleki noma zidinge izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile.

Akufanele uthole i-eflornithine uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba ngaphandle kuyo esikhathini esidlule. Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele uma unezifo zezinso, njengoba umuthi ucubungulwa ngezinso zakho.

Nazi izimo ezingenza ukwelashwa nge-eflornithine kube nzima kakhulu:

• Isifo sezinso esibi kakhulu
• Ukukhulelwa (kusetshenziswa kuphela lapho izinzuzo zidlula izingozi)
• Ukuncelisa
• I-anemia engathi sína
• Ukwehla kwesibalo samaplatelet
• Umlando wokushaywa yisithuthwane

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, udokotela wakho uzohlola izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela. Ukugula kokulala okungelashwa kuyingozi empilweni, ngakho ukwelashwa kungase kudingeke naphezu kwalezi zinkinga.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Eflornithine

I-Eflornithine iyatholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Ornidyl emazweni amaningi. Leli yigama elivame kakhulu ukwaziwa le-injection esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sokulala.

Ungase futhi uhlangane nalo ngamanye amagama ngokuya ngendawo yakho kanye nohlelo lwakho lwezempilo. Ezinye izifunda zingase zisebenzise izinguqulo ezivamile noma amagama omkhiqizo ahlukene, kodwa isithako esisebenzayo sihlala singashintshi.

Lapho ukhuluma ngemithi yakho nabahlinzeki bezempilo, ukusebenzisa kokubili okuthi "eflornithine" noma "Ornidyl" kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxhumana okucacile mayelana nezidingo zakho zemithi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Eflornithine

Eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha isifo sokulala sase-Afrika, nakuba ukukhetha kuncike ohlotsheni oluthile lwe-parasite nesigaba sesifo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho.

Ngesifo sokulala sesigaba sesibili, i-fexinidazole ivele njengenye indlela entsha yomlomo evame ukulula ukuyiphatha. Le mithi ingathathwa ngomlomo kunokuthi idinge ukufakwa nge-IV, okwenza ukwelashwa kube lula kwezinye izindawo.

Ezinye izindlela ezingase zihlanganise ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe noma imithi ehlukene efana ne-suramin yesifo sesigaba sokuqala. Kodwa-ke, i-eflornithine ihlala iyindlela yokwelapha yegolide, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ezinye izinketho zingafaneleki noma zingatholakali.

Ingabe i-Eflornithine ingcono kune-Melarsoprol?

I-Eflornithine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile futhi inokubekezelelwa kangcono kune-melarsoprol, ukwelashwa okudala kwesifo sokulala. Ukuqhathanisa lokhu kubalulekile ngoba i-melarsoprol, ngenkathi isebenza, inezingozi ezingathi sína.

I-Melarsoprol iqukethe i-arsenic futhi ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlanganisa ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, okungabulala kwezinye izimo. I-Eflornithine, ngenkathi ingena ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi, ineprofayili yokuphepha engcono kakhulu futhi mancane amathuba okuthi ibangele izinkinga ezisongela impilo.

Izazi eziningi zezokwelapha manje zikhetha i-eflornithine noma ezinye izindlela ezintsha ezifana ne-fexinidazole ngaphezu kwe-melarsoprol uma kungenzeka. Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kwenza i-eflornithine ibe yindlela engcono kakhulu ezigulini eziningi, yize ukwelashwa kuthatha isikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Eflornithine

Ingabe i-Eflornithine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Eflornithine idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kubantu abanezifo zezinso njengoba umuthi ukhishwa ngezinso. Udokotela wakho cishe uzolungisa umthamo wakho futhi aqaphe ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Uma unezinkinga ezinzima zezinso, ungase ukwazi ukuthola i-eflornithine ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele. Kodwa-ke, isifo sezinso esibi singase sidinge ezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma ukulungiswa okukhethekile ngaphambi kokuqala i-eflornithine.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Eflornithine?

Njengoba i-eflornithine inikezwa endaweni yezibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha, imithamo ephuthelwe ayivamile. Uma umthamo uhlehliswa nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizolungisa isimiso ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi uthola lonke uhlelo lokwelashwa.

Ungakhathazeki uma isimiso sakho sokwelashwa sidinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linolwazi ekulawuleni lezi zimo futhi lizoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngisho noma isikhathi sidinga ukulungiswa.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Eflornithine?

Kufanele uqede uhlelo oluphelele lwe-eflornithine lwezinsuku eziyi-14 ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngaphambi kokuthi ukwelashwa kuphele. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amanye amapharasayithi ukuthi asinde futhi angase abangele ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqediwe nini ngokusekelwe kumthetho ojwayelekile kanye nokuphendula kwakho ekwelashweni. Ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa, cishe uzodinga ukuqokwa okulandelayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukutheleleka kususwe ngokuphelele.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola imiphumela emibi engathi sína?

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi engathi sína efana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, noma izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekuqwashiseni, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha. Njengoba wamukela ukwelashwa endaweni yezokwelapha, usizo luyatholakala kalula.

Ngezimpawu ezingaphuthumi kakhulu kodwa ezikhathazayo njengezinhlungu zekhanda eziqhubekayo, ukopha okungavamile, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka, zisho lokhu konakezinakekeli zakho noma odokotela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho okuvamile. Bangahlola ukuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha Eminye Imithi Ngesikhathi Ngisebenzisa I-Eflornithine?

Imithi eminingi ingaqhubeka ngenkathi wamukela i-eflornithine, kodwa udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza yonke imithi yakho yamanje ukuze ahlolisise ukuthi akukho yini ukusebenzisana okungenzeka. Eminye imithi ingase idinge ukulungiswa kwemithamo noma ukuyekiswa okwesikhashana.

Qiniseka ukuthi utshela ithimba lakho lezempilo ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yemvelo. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi banikeze ukunakekelwa okuphephile nokusebenzayo ngangokunokwenzeka.