Yini i-Ephedrine (Indlela Yokufaka Ngemithambo Yegazi): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Ephedrine iyimithi esiza ukukhuphula umfutho wegazi uma wehla ngendlela eyingozi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma izimo ezithile zempilo. Inikezwa nge-IV (ngemithambo yegazi) ngqo emgudwini wakho wegazi, le mithi isebenza ngokushesha ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ukuba ipompe ngempumelelo futhi iqinise imithambo yakho yegazi uma umzimba wakho udinga ukusekelwa ngokushesha.

Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezibhedlela nasezikhungweni zezokwelapha lapho abahlinzeki bezempilo bengakwazi ukukuqapha eduze. Nakuba kuzwakala kunzima, i-ephedrine IV isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka ukusiza abantu ngezimo ezinzima zezokwelapha.

Yini i-Ephedrine?

I-Ephedrine iyimithi ekhuthazayo elingisa amakhemikhali athile emvelo emzimbeni wakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-catecholamines. Lawa makhemikhali asiza ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, nokuphefumula. Uma inikezwa nge-IV, i-ephedrine isebenza njengokukhuthaza okuncane ohlelweni lwakho lwe-cardiovascular, ikusiza ukuba lisebenze kahle uma lihlupheka.

Cabanga nge-ephedrine njengomsizi wesikhashana ongena lapho izinhlelo zomzimba wakho zemvelo zidinga ukusekelwa. Ithathwa njengemithi enamandla aphakathi nendawo esebenza ngokushesha kodwa ngokuphepha uma isetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha.

Isetshenziselwani i-Ephedrine?

I-Ephedrine IV isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-hypotension) okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma izimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa le mithi uma umfutho wakho wegazi wehla emazingeni angaba yingozi emithanjeni yakho.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu lapho ungase uthole khona i-ephedrine IV zihlanganisa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa lapho i-anesthesia ibangela ukuthi umfutho wakho wegazi wehle, noma ngesikhathi se-spinal anesthesia ezinqubweni ezinjenge-C-sections. Isetshenziswa futhi uma imithi ethile noma izimo zezokwelapha zibangela ukuthi umfutho wakho wegazi wehle kakhulu.

Ngesinye isikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa i-ephedrine ukusiza ekusabeleni okukhulu komzimba noma ekuhlaselweni yisifuba, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngohlobo lwe-IV. Umuthi ungasiza futhi ukusekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo ezithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Ephedrine?

I-Ephedrine isebenza ngokwenza kusebenze ama-receptors athile emzimbeni wakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-alpha kanye nama-beta-adrenergic receptors. Uma la ma-receptors esenziwe, enza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngamandla futhi ngokushesha, kuyilapho eqinisa imithambo yakho yegazi. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kusiza ukunyusa umfutho wegazi lakho ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Umuthi futhi ukhulula ezinye ze-adrenaline yakho yemvelo (i-epinephrine) ezindaweni zokugcina, okwengeza emiphumeleni yawo yokunyusa umfutho wegazi. Lokhu kwenza i-ephedrine isebenze ngempumelelo ikakhulukazi ngoba isebenza ngezindlela eziningi emzimbeni wakho.

Njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganisela, i-ephedrine ngokuvamile iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu emi-5-10 ngemva kokunikezwa nge-IV yakho. Imiphumela ivame ukuhlala imizuzu engaba ngu-30-60, okukunika ithimba lakho lezokwelapha isikhathi sokubhekana nesizathu esiyisisekelo somfutho wegazi wakho ophansi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Ephedrine?

I-Ephedrine IV inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zezokwelapha ezinjengezibhedlela, izikhungo zokuhlinzwa, noma amagumbi eziphuthumayo. Ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokuthatha lo muthi ngokwakho, njengoba kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kanye nokulinganisa okunembile okungahlinzekwa kuphela abasebenzi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe.

Umuthi uhlanganiswa nesixazululo se-saline esingenazo izinto ezingcolile futhi unikezwa kancane ngomugqa wakho we-IV. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nesimo sakho esiphelele ngokuqhubekayo ngenkathi uthola umuthi. Bazolungisa umthamo ngokusekelwe endleleni umzimba wakho osabela ngayo.

Njengoba lokhu kunikezwa endaweni yezokwelapha, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngesikhathi sokudla noma eminye imithi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosingatha konke ukulungiselela nokuphatha, liqinisekise ukuthi uthola inani elifanele ngesikhathi esifanele.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Ephedrine?

I-Ephedrine IV ivame ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha noma kuze kube yilapho umfutho wegazi lakho uzinzile. Abantu abaningi bathola lo muthi noma yikuphi kusuka emizuzwini embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa, kuye ngesimo sabo esithile.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoyeka ukukunika i-ephedrine uma umfutho wegazi lakho ubuyela emazingeni aphephile futhi uhlala uzinzile ngokwawo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokushesha uma ubenomkhuhlane wesikhashana wokuhlinzwa, noma kungathatha isikhathi eside uma unesimo esingaphansi esithinta umfutho wegazi lakho.

Isinqumo sokuthi uqhubeke isikhathi esingakanani nge-ephedrine sincike ngokuphelele esimweni sakho sezokwelapha nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani. Odokotela bakho bazohlala behlola ukuthi usayidinga yini ukusekelwa komuthi noma ngabe umzimba wakho ungawugcina yini umfutho wegazi onempilo ngokwawo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Ephedrine?

Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, i-ephedrine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, yize abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Njengoba uzoqashwa eduze endaweni yezokwelapha, noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ingabonakala ngokushesha futhi iphathwe yithimba lakho lezempilo.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole:

• Ukuzwa ukuthuthumela noma ukukhathazeka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ikhanda elincane
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukujuluka noma ukuzwa ukushisa
• Ubunzima bokulala (uma unikezwe kamuva emini)
• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhathala

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuba mnene futhi yesikhashana. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilindele lezi zimpendulo futhi liyazi ukuthi lingakusiza kanjani ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile uma zenzeka.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungabandakanya ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi usuvele usesimweni sezokwelapha ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo, lezi zimo zingasingathwa ngokushesha nangokuphepha.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína njengokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, ukushaywa unhlangothi, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilungele ukusingatha noma yisiphi isimo esiphuthumayo esingase sivele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Ephedrine?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-ephedrine noma bayisebenzise ngokuqapha okukhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukunika lo muthi ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi uphephile kuwe.

Abantu ngokuvamile okungafanele bathole i-ephedrine bahlanganisa labo abanezifo zenhliziyo ezinzima, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe, noma izinkinga ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo. Uma unomlando wokushaywa unhlangothi, isifo sezinso esinzima, noma izinhlobo ezithile ze-glaucoma, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela kakhulu.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizophinda liqaphele uma unesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zendlala yegilo, noma uthatha imithi ethile efana nama-MAO inhibitors noma ama-tricyclic antidepressants. Lezi zimo azikuvimbeli ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi uthole i-ephedrine, kodwa zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe futhi mhlawumbe ukulungiswa kwemithamo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangathola i-ephedrine uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-C-sections, kodwa odokotela baqapha kokubili umama nengane ngokucophelela. Uma uncelisa, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizocabangela izinzuzo nezingozi zakho kanye nomntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Ephedrine

I-Ephedrine IV itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba izibhedlela eziningi zisebenzisa inguqulo ejwayelekile. Amagama ajwayelekile omkhiqizo afaka i-Akovaz, eyenzelwe ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa ngomjovo ezindaweni zezokwelapha.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizosebenzisa noma iyiphi ifomu le-ephedrine elitholakala endaweni yabo. Zonke izinhlobo ezivunyelwe yi-FDA zisebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi zinesimo esifanayo sokuphepha uma zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Uhlobo oluthile lomkhiqizo noma olujwayelekile ngokuvamile alubalulekile emiphumeleni yakho yokwelashwa.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Ephedrine

Eminye imithi eminingi ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-ephedrine ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi, futhi udokotela wakho angase akhethe ezinye izindlela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile. I-Phenylephrine ingenye indlela ejwayelekile esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa ingase ithandwe ezimweni ezithile zenhliziyo.

I-Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) enye inketho evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi. I-Dopamine ingase ikhethwe uma udinga nokusekelwa komsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho wokumpompa. Ngayinye yalezi zindlela inezinzuzo zayo futhi ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho.

Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokhetha umuthi ongcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile. Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthi iyiphi inketho esetshenziswayo, njengoba yonke le mithi isebenza kahle futhi iphephile uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele ezindaweni zezokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Ephedrine ingcono kune-Phenylephrine?

Kokubili i-ephedrine ne-phenylephrine imithi esebenzayo yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi, kodwa isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane. I-Ephedrine ivame ukukhuphula kokubili izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, kuyilapho i-phenylephrine ikakhulukazi ikhuphula umfutho wegazi ngaphandle kokuthinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kangako.

Udokotela wakho ukhetha phakathi kwale mithi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile. Uma udinga ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphompe ngokuqinile ngaphezu kokukhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho, i-ephedrine ingase ithandwe. Uma udinga kuphela ukusekelwa komfutho wegazi ngaphandle kokuthinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, i-phenylephrine ingase ibe yindlela engcono.

Akukho umuthi 'ongcono' kunomunye. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho sezempilo, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi umzimba wakho udinga ini ngaleso sikhathi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linobuchwepheshe bokwenza lesi sinqumo kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Ephedrine

Q1. Ingabe i-Ephedrine iphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

I-Ephedrine ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha nokuqwalaselwa ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wokubelethisa bazosebenzisana ukuthola ukuthi i-ephedrine ilungele yini isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esingesibi kakhulu, i-ephedrine ingase isetshenziswe ngokuphepha nokuqapha okuseduze. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu, i-angina engazinzile, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingase likhethe eminye imithi ephephe kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngisebenzisa i-Ephedrine eningi ngengozi?

Njengoba i-ephedrine IV inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zezokwelapha, ukweqisa ngengozi ngweziguli akuvamile kakhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha libala ngokucophelela futhi liqaphe yonke imithamo ukuze livimbele lesi simo.

Uma kunikezwa i-ephedrine eningi kakhulu, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoyeka ngokushesha umuthi futhi linikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo. Bangase bakunikeze imithi yokulwa nemiphumela ye-ephedrine futhi bazogada inhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi ngokuqinile kuze kube yilapho uzinzile.

Q3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Ephedrine?

Lo mbuzo awusebenzi ku-ephedrine IV njengoba inikezwa ngokuqhubekayo yithimba lakho lezempilo endaweni yezokwelapha. Ngeke ube nesibopho sokuthatha imithamo ngokwakho, futhi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umuthi ngqo uma futhi ngamalini owadingayo.

Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo bazolungisa umthamo wakho we-ephedrine ngokuya ngomfutho wegazi lakho nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani. Bazoqhubeka noma bayeke umuthi ngokuya ngezidingo zakho zezokwelapha, hhayi esimisweni esinqunyiwe.

Umbuzo 4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Ephedrine?

Iqembu lakho labezempilo lizoyeka ukukunika i-ephedrine lapho umfutho wegazi lakho uzinzile futhi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukugcina umfutho wegazi onempilo uwedwa. Lesi sinqumo sisekelwe ekuqhubekeni kokuqapha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile kanye nesimo sakho esiphelele.

Ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uzenzele lesi sinqumo wena. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwehlisa kancane umthamo noma liyeke umuthi lapho linquma ukuthi kuphephile futhi kufanele esimweni sakho.

Umbuzo 5. Ngingashayela ngemva kokuthola i-Ephedrine?

Akufanele ushayele ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola i-ephedrine IV, ikakhulukazi njengoba ngokuvamile inikezwa ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha noma izimo eziphuthumayo. Umuthi ungabangela ukuthuthumela, isiyezi, noma eminye imiphumela engase ithinte ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha.

Iqembu lakho labezempilo lizokwazisa ukuthi kuphephile nini ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi ejwayelekile efana nokushayela. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuncike ekutheni uzizwa kanjani, nokuthi ngabe uke waba naziphi izinqubo, nokuthi sekunesikhathi esingakanani uthole umuthi.