Yini i-Epinephrine Nasal Route: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Epinephrine nasal route iyimithi esindisa impilo esheshayo elethwa ngamakhala akho ukwelapha ukusabela okukhulu komzimba okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis. Lokhu kwelashwa okusebenza ngokushesha kusebenza ngemizuzu ukuguqula izimpawu eziyingozi zokungezwani komzimba lapho umzimba wakho usabela ngokweqile kuma-allergens afana nokudla, imithi, noma ukulunywa izinambuzane.

Cabanga ngayo njengemithi yakho yokuhlenga esheshayo engasindisa impilo yakho ngokoqobo lapho ukusabela okukhulu komzimba kusongela ukuphefumula kwakho nomfutho wegazi. Uhlelo lokulethwa ngamakhala lwenza kube lula ukulusebenzisa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo uma kuqhathaniswa nemijovo yendabuko.

Yini i-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

I-Epinephrine nasal route iyifomu eligxilile le-adrenaline olifafaza ngqo emgodini wakho wamakhala ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokungezwani komzimba okukhulu. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo ukhiqiza i-adrenaline, kodwa ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis, udinga okuningi kakhulu kunalokho umzimba wakho ongakwenza uwedwa.

Umuthi uza ngedivayisi encane, ephathekayo yokufafaza ngamakhala eletha umthamo oqondile we-epinephrine ngemithambo yegazi emakhaleni akho. Le mithambo yegazi imunca ngokushesha umuthi bese iwuthumela kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ngemizuzu engu-1-3.

Ngokungafani nama-epinephrine auto-injectors adinga inaliti, i-nasal route inikeza inketho engenayo inaliti abantu abaningi abayithola ingesabi ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, inamandla futhi iyasebenza ekumeni ukusabela okusongela impilo.

Yini i-Epinephrine Nasal Route Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Epinephrine nasal route iphatha i-anaphylaxis, okuyisabela okukhulu, komzimba wonke okungabulala ngemizuzu uma kungelashwa. Lokhu akuyona ikhala lakho elivamile elinomfula noma ukuzwela okuncane kokudla - kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela wonke umzimba wakho.

Ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis, umfutho wakho wegazi wehla ngendlela eyingozi, imigudu yakho yomoya iyavuvukala ivaleke, futhi inhliziyo yakho ilwela ukumpompa igazi ngempumelelo. Izinto ezivame ukubangela zihlanganisa amantongomane, izinhlanzi ezigobayo, ukulunywa izinyosi, imithi efana ne-penicillin, nokuchayeka ku-latex.

Ungase udinge lo muthi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziningi ezinzima ndawonye, njenge:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhwehlela
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okubuthakathaka noma isiyezi
• Izilonda ezinkulu emzimbeni wonke noma ukuqubuka
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma amajaqamba esiswini esinzima
• Ukuzwa sengathi uzokuquleka

Okubalulekile ukubona lapho izinhlelo eziningi emzimbeni wakho zithinteka ngasikhathi sinye. Noma ngabe awuqiniseki ukuthi yi-anaphylaxis, ukusebenzisa i-epinephrine kuphephe kakhulu kunokulinda lapho lezi zimpawu zivela ndawonye.

Isebenza Kanjani Indlela Ye-Epinephrine Nasal?

Indlela ye-epinephrine nasal isebenza ngokulingisa impendulo yomzimba wakho yemvelo yokulwa noma yokubaleka, kodwa ngamandla amakhulu kakhulu. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla kakhulu osebenza ezinhlelweni eziningi ngasikhathi sinye ukuze aguqule imiphumela esongela impilo ye-anaphylaxis.

Uma uyifutha emakhaleni akho, umuthi ungena ngokushesha emsingeni wakho wegazi futhi usebenza ngezindlela ezintathu ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ivula imigudu yakho yomoya ngokukhulula imisipha ezungeze izindima zakho zokuphefumula, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula futhi.

Okwesibili, iqinisa isenzo senhliziyo yakho sokumpompa futhi ikhuphule umfutho wakho wegazi ubuyele emazingeni aphephile. Okwesithathu, inciphisa ukuvuvukala okukhulu nokuvuvukala okusongela ukuphefumula kwakho nokujikeleza kwegazi.

Imithambo yegazi ekhaleni ithatha i-epinephrine ngempumelelo enkulu, ngokuvamile inikeza ukukhululeka ngemizuzu engu-1-3. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela ivame ukuhlala imizuzu engu-10-20 kuphela, yingakho usadinga ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngisho nangemva kokuyisebenzisa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani Indlela Ye-Epinephrine Nasal?

Sebenzisa i-epinephrine ngendlela yomgudu wamakhala ngokushesha lapho uqaphela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu - ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ziyashuba yini. Susa idivayisi ekhishini layo elivikelayo bese uyibamba ngesithupha sakho ngaphansi kanye nomunwe wakho wokukhomba phezulu.

Beka ithiphu cishe ngamasentimitha ambalwa emgodini owodwa wamakhala bese ucindezela ngokuqinile ku-plunger ukuze ukhulule umthamo ogcwele. Akudingeki ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile noma utshekise ikhanda lakho emuva - vele uyifuthe ngendlela ejwayelekile emakhaleni akho.

Ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa, shayela ku-911 ngokushesha noma ucele othile akuqhubele egumbini eliphuthumayo. Umuthi awelaphi i-anaphylaxis - ukuthengela nje isikhathi sokuthola ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okuchwepheshile.

Ungasebenzisa lo muthi ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla ngoba ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlanza kakhulu, umgudu wamakhala ungasebenza kangcono kunemithi yomlomo engase ibuye.

Gcina idivayisi esetshenzisiwe nawe ukuze ubonise abasebenzi bezokwelapha ukuthi uthathe ini ngqo nokuthi nini. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi banikeze ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okungcono kakhulu.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

I-epinephrine nasal route yenzelwe ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo okusetshenziswa kanye, hhayi imithi yansuku zonke eqhubekayo. Uyisebenzisa kanye ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokungezwani komzimba, bese ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Imiphumela yomthamo owodwa ivamise ukuhlala imizuzu engu-10-20, kodwa i-anaphylaxis ingabuyela ngisho nangemva kokuthi umuthi usuphelile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukusabela kwe-biphasic, futhi yingakho odokotela befuna ukukuqapha esibhedlela amahora amaningana ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge umthamo wesibili uma izimpawu zibuyela noma zingathuthuki ngemizuzu engu-5-15 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala. Kodwa-ke, sebenzisa umthamo wesibili kuphela uma unenye idivayisi etholakalayo futhi izimpawu ziseshuba.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi udale uhlelo lokwenza i-anaphylaxis oluhlanganisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa nini i-epinephrine, ukuthi ungawusebenzisa nini umthamo wesibili, nokuthi wenzeni ngemuva kwalokho. Lena akuyona imithi oyithatha njalo - iyisicelo sakho esiphuthumayo.

Ziyini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

I-Epinephrine nasal route ingabangela imiphumela emibi ngoba iyimithi enamandla ethinta umzimba wakho wonke, kodwa le miphumela ivamise ukuba yesikhashana futhi ingozi encane kakhulu kune-anaphylaxis engelashwanga.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuzizwa unovalo noma ukhathazekile, ikhanda, nesiyezi. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukujuluka, isicanucanu, noma ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni wakho.

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukwenzeka ngoba i-epinephrine ivuselela uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa:

• Inhliziyo egijimayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela kwezandla
• Ukuzizwa unovalo noma ungaphumuli
• Ikhanda noma isiyezi
• Ukujuluka okuningi kunokujwayelekile
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esicasukile
• Ubunzima bokulala uma isetshenziswe emini

Iningi lale miphumela liyanyamalala phakathi nemizuzu engu-10-20 njengoba imithi iphela. Yimpendulo yomzimba wakho ejwayelekile ku-adrenaline futhi ngokuvamile akuyona imbangela yokukhathazeka okwengeziwe.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa ingahlanganisa ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zingozi zisaqhubeka ziphansi kakhulu kunezingozi zokufa ku-anaphylaxis engelashwanga.

Abanye abantu bathola ukucasuka emakhaleni, ukopha emakhaleni, noma ukusha emakhaleni lapho imithi ifuthwe khona. Le miphumela yendawo ivame ukuba mnene futhi yesikhashana.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

Cishe wonke umuntu angasebenzisa ngokuphepha i-epinephrine nasal route ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis ngoba izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu izingozi lapho impilo yakho isengozini. Kodwa-ke, abantu abathile badinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe kwezokwelapha ngemva kokuyisebenzisa.

Abantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sikashukela, noma izinkinga ze-thyroid bangase bathole imiphumela emibi eqinile evela ku-epinephrine. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi akufanele uyisebenzise - kusho ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, usengasebenzisa umzila we-epinephrine wamathambo ekuphenduleni i-anaphylaxis. Umuthi uthathwa njengowuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngoba i-anaphylaxis engelashwanga ibeka izingozi ezinkulu kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Abantu asebekhulile nalabo abathatha imithi ethile efana nama-beta-blockers bangase babe nokuphendula okuhlukile ku-epinephrine. Udokotela wakho kufanele azi ngayo yonke imithi yakho lapho ebeka lo muthi ophuthumayo.

Abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezinzima bangase badinge ukuqashwa okwengeziwe ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-epinephrine, kodwa akufanele bakugweme ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis. Izingozi zenhliziyo ezivela ku-anaphylaxis engelashwanga ziyingozi kakhulu kunomuthi uqobo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womzila We-Epinephrine Wase-Nasal

Igama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo we-epinephrine nasal route yi-Neffy, eyavunywa yi-FDA njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-epinephrine okungenayo inaliti ye-anaphylaxis. Le divayisi iletha umuthi ofanayo njengama-auto-injectors e-epinephrine kodwa ngamakhala akho esikhundleni sokujova.

I-Neffy iqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo (i-epinephrine) njengeminye imikhiqizo ye-epinephrine ephuthumayo efana ne-EpiPen ne-Auvi-Q, kodwa isebenzisa indlela ehlukile yokulethwa. Ifomethi ye-nasal spray yenza kube lula kubantu abesaba izinaliti noma abanobunzima ngokujova.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka umkhiqizo nefomethi esebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile. Abanye abantu bakhetha umzila wamathambo ngoba akusabisi ukusebenzisa, kanti abanye banamathela kuma-auto-injectors ngoba bajwayele wona.

Ezinye Izindlela Zomzila We-Epinephrine Wase-Nasal

Ezinye izindlela eziyinhloko zomzila we-epinephrine wase-nasal yi-epinephrine auto-injectors efana ne-EpiPen, Auvi-Q, nezinhlobo ezivamile. Lawa madivayisi aletha umuthi ofanayo ngokujova okusheshayo emsipheni wakho wethanga.

Ama-auto-injector abelokhu eyindlela yokwelapha ejwayelekile ye-anaphylaxis iminyaka eminingi futhi asebenza ngempumelelo enkulu. Aletha imithi ngqo emsipheni, okuyinto odokotela abathile abayithandayo ngoba ukumuncwa kulindeleke kakhulu.

Zombili izinhlobo ze-epinephrine ezisetshenziswa ngamakhala nezijovwayo zisebenza ngokulinganayo ekwelapheni i-anaphylaxis. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika ekuthandeni komuntu siqu, ezingeni lokunethezeka ngamane, kanye nesincomo sikadokotela wakho.

Abanye abantu baphethe zombili izinhlobo - mhlawumbe begcina isifutho samakhala emsebenzini lapho abanye bangase badinge ukubasiza khona, futhi baphathe i-auto-injector yokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi inhlanganisela esebenza kahle kakhulu ngendlela yakho yokuphila.

Azikho ezinye izindlela eziphumelelayo ezingezona ze-epinephrine zokwelapha i-anaphylaxis. Ama-antihistamine afana ne-Benadryl angasiza ekuphenduleni okuncane komzimba, kodwa asebenza kancane kakhulu futhi awanamandla ngokwanele e-anaphylaxis esongela impilo.

Ingabe i-Epinephrine Nasal Route Ingcono Kune-EpiPen?

I-Epinephrine nasal route ne-EpiPen zombili ziyindlela enhle yokwelapha i-anaphylaxis, futhi akukho ngisho neyodwa 'engcono' kunenye. Ziqukethe imithi efanayo esindisa impilo kodwa ziyiletha ngezindlela ezihlukene emzimbeni wakho.

Indlela yamakhala ingase ibe lula ukuyisebenzisa kwabanye abantu ngoba ayidingi ukususwa kwamakepisi okuphepha, ukubeka emlenzeni wakho, noma ukubhekana ngamane. Lokhu kungasiza ikakhulukazi uma wethuka ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo noma uma omunye umuntu edinga ukukusiza.

I-EpiPen nezinye izinto ezizijovayo ziletha imithi ngqo emsipheni, okuhlinzeka ngokumuncwa okuthembeke kakhulu. Abanye odokotela bakhetha le ndlela ngoba banamashumi eminyaka yokuhlangenwe nakho ngokuthi isebenza ngokushesha futhi ngempumelelo kangakanani.

Indlela yamakhala imunca imithi ngemithambo yegazi ekhaleni lakho, okungase kube ngokushesha njengomjovo kodwa kungase kuthintwe izinto ezinjengokuminyana okukhulu kwamakhala noma ukuphuma kwegazi.

Ukukhetha kwakho kungase kuncike ezintweni ezingokoqobo njengokuthi uzizwa kanjani ngezinaliti, ukuthi ngabe unezimo ezithinta ikhala lakho, noma ngabe iyiphi idivayisi ozizwa uyithemba kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Zombili izinketho zivunyelwe yi-FDA futhi zinezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Epinephrine Nasal Route

Ingabe i-Epinephrine Nasal Route iphephile ezigulini ezinokugula kwenhliziyo?

Yebo, i-epinephrine nasal route iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo uma isetshenziselwa i-anaphylaxis, yize ingase ibangele imiphumela emibi enomthelela enhliziyweni. Umuthi ungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, kodwa i-anaphylaxis engelashwa iyingozi kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho kunomuthi uqobo.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, kufanele usebenzise i-epinephrine ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis kodwa funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Abasebenzi basemtholampilo bangakwazi ukuqapha inhliziyo yakho futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okwengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba kufanele basebenzisane ukuze bakhe uhlelo lwakho lokulwa ne-anaphylaxis, baqinisekise ukuthi uyazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa nini i-epinephrine nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo okufanele uziqaphele ngemva kwalokho.

Ngingenzani uma ngisebenzisa i-Epinephrine Nasal Route eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi usebenzisa i-epinephrine nasal route eningi, shayela u-911 noma ulawulo lwamakhemikhali ngokushesha futhi ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo. Ngenkathi ukweqisa kungavamile ngomzila wekhala, i-epinephrine eningi ingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuyingozi noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-epinephrine eningi zihlanganisa ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho igijima ngokungalawuleki. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Ungazami ukwelapha ukweqisa ekhaya. Abasebenzi basemtholampilo banemithi nemishini yokulawula ngokuphepha ukweqisa kwe-epinephrine futhi baqaphe inhliziyo yakho kuze kube yilapho umuthi usuphelile.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

Awukwazi ngempela "ukuphuthelwa umthamo" we-epinephrine ngendlela yomgudu wamakhala ngoba akuyona imithi yansuku zonke - isetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo zokungezwani komzimba. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-anaphylaxis futhi ungakayisebenzisi i-epinephrine okwamanje, yisebenzise ngokushesha.

Uma usebenzise i-epinephrine kodwa izimpawu zibuyela noma ziba zimbi ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-5-15, ungase udinge umthamo wesibili uma unomunye umshini otholakala. Kodwa-ke, lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngokuqondiswa ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha eziphuthumayo.

Into ebalulekile ukubona lapho udinga i-epinephrine futhi uyisebenzise ngokushesha kunokulinda ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka yini zodwa.

Ngingayeka nini Ukuthatha I-Epinephrine Nasal Route?

Awuyeki "ukuthatha" i-epinephrine ngendlela yomgudu wamakhala njengoba ungathatha imithi yansuku zonke - uyisebenzisa kuphela ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo ze-anaphylaxis. Uma usuyisebenzisile futhi wathola ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, usuqedile ngalowo mthamo.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele uhlale uphethe i-epinephrine nawe uma usengozini ye-anaphylaxis. Lokhu kusho ukushintsha amadivayisi aphelelwe yisikhathi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi unokufinyelela emuthini noma nini lapho ungahlangana khona nama-allergens akho.

Abanye abantu banganciphisa isidingo sabo sokuthwala i-epinephrine ngemithi efana ne-oral immunotherapy noma ngokugwema ngempumelelo ama-allergens abo, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuqondiswa yi-allergist yakho.

Ngingayisebenzisa I-Epinephrine Nasal Route Uma Nginomkhuhlane Noma Ikhala Elivaliwe?

Yebo, unga futhi kufanele usasebenzise i-epinephrine ngendlela yomgudu wamakhala ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis ngisho noma unomkhuhlane noma ikhala elivaliwe. Nakuba ukuminyana kwamakhala kungase kuthinte kancane ukuthi imithi imunca ngokushesha kangakanani, kusengcono kakhulu kunokungayelaphi i-anaphylaxis nhlobo.

Imithambo yegazi ekhaleni lakho isengamunca imithi ngisho noma uminyene, nakuba kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside ukusebenza. Uma ukhathazekile ngokumuncwa, ungakwazi ukufutha ikhala lakho ngobumnene ngaphambi kokusebenzisa idivayisi uma ukwazi ukwenza kanjalo ngokushesha.

Ungavumeli ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuminyana kwamakhala kukuvimbele ukusebenzisa lo muthi osindisa impilo ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokungezwani komzimba. Izinzuzo zikhulu kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi ukuncipha okungenzeka ekusebenzeni.