Ziyini Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Izithako zomlomo ze-Estrogen-and-progestin ziyizidakamizwa zokulawula ukuzala eziqukethe amahomoni amabili okwenziwa ngomqondo wokuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Lezi zidakamizwa ezihlanganisiwe zisebenza ngokulingisa amahomoni emvelo omzimba wakho ukuze kumiswe ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda futhi kwakhe izithiyo ezengeziwe zokukhulelwa. Zingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu nezisebenzayo zokulawula ukuzala okubuyisekayo, ezithenjwe yizigidi zabesifazane emhlabeni wonke amashumi eminyaka.

Ziyini Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Lezi yizidakamizwa zansuku zonke ezihlanganisa izinguqulo ezenziwe ngomqondo ze-estrogen ne-progestin, okuyindlela eyenziwe e-lab ye-progesterone. Ingxenye ye-estrogen ngokuvamile yi-ethinyl estradiol, kanti i-progestin ingaba enye yezinhlobo eziningana ezinjenge-norethindrone, levonorgestrel, noma i-drospirenone.

Izidakamizwa eziningi ezihlanganisiwe ziza ngamaphakethe ezinsuku ezingama-21 noma izinsuku ezingama-28. Amaphakethe ezinsuku ezingama-21 aqukethe izidakamizwa ezisebenzayo zehomoni, kulandelwe ikhefu lezinsuku eziyi-7 lapho ungasithathi izidakamizwa. Amaphakethe ezinsuku ezingama-28 afaka izidakamizwa eziyi-21 ezisebenzayo kanye nezidakamizwa eziyi-7 ezingasebenzi "zesikhumbuzi", ngakho uthatha izidakamizwa ezi-1 nsuku zonke ngaphandle kokuphumula.

Lezi zidakamizwa zihlukile ekuphuzeni izidakamizwa ze-progestin kuphela ngoba ziqukethe womabili amahomoni. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ivame ukusebenza kahle ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa futhi ivame ukuhlinzeka ngemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini elindeleke kakhulu.

Zisetshenziselwani Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa, futhi zisebenza cishe ngama-91% ngokusebenzisa okujwayelekile, noma ngaphezu kwama-99% ngokusebenzisa okuphelele. Ngaphandle kokulawula ukuzala, odokotela bavame ukunquma lezi zidakamizwa ngenxa yezinye izinzuzo eziningana zezempilo.

Zingasiza ukulawula imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile, okwenza izikhathi zibe ngaphezu kokulindelekile futhi zivame ukuba lula. Abesifazane abaningi bathola ukuthi imisipha yabo yokuya esikhathini iba ngaphansi kobunzima, futhi abanye baba nezikhathi ezimfushane ngokujwayelekile.

Lezi zithako zemithi nazo zibhalelwe ukwelapha izinduna, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abanezinduna ezihlobene nokuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Ingxenye ye-estrogen ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha esikhumba, okuholela esikhumbeni esicacile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Abanye besifazane bazisebenzisa ukuphatha izimpawu ze-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), okuhlanganisa izikhathi ezingajwayelekile nokukhula kwezinwele ngokweqile. Lezi zithako zemithi zinganciphisa nengozi yomdlavuza wama-ovari kanye ne-endometrial uma zisetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Zisebenza Kanjani Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Lezi zithako zemithi zisebenza ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Indlela eyinhloko iwukuyeka ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda, okusho ukuthi ama-ovari akho awakhululi iqanda njalo ngenyanga.

Amahomoni okwenziwa abonisa ubuchopho bakho ukuthi buyeke ukukhiqiza amahomoni emvelo abangela ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda. Ngaphandle kweqanda elikhishwayo, ukukhulelwa ngeke kwenzeke, okwenza lokhu kube yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa.

Njengokusekela, lezi zithako zemithi zikhipha amafinyila akho esitho somlomo wesibeletho, okwenza kube nzima ngesidoda ukuthi sihambe ngesitho somlomo wesibeletho ukuze sifinyelele kunoma yiliphi iqanda elingase likhishwe. Lokhu kudala isithiyo esengeziwe sokukhulelwa.

Indlela yesithathu ihlanganisa ukunciphisa umugqa wesibeletho, okungenza kungenzeki ukuthi iqanda elikhulelwe lifakwe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuthathwa njengomphumela wesibili ngoba umgomo oyinhloko ukuvimbela ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda kuqala.

Kufanele Ngizithathe Kanjani Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Kufanele uthathe ithuthu elilodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyazijabulisa ngokocansi. Ukuqina ngesikhathi kusiza ukugcina amazinga e-hormone ezinzile futhi kwandisa ukusebenza kahle.

Ungathatha lezi zithako zemithi ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, nakuba ukuzithatha ngokudla noma ngesikhathi sokulala kungasiza uma uzwa isicanucanu. Abanye besifazane bathola ukuthi ukuzithatha kusihlwa kunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwesisu abangase bakuzwe.

Uma uqala iphakethe elisha, qala ngosuku lokuqala lokuya esikhathini ukuze uvikeleke ngokushesha, noma qala ngeSonto lokuqala ngemva kokuqala kokuya esikhathini kwakho. Uma uqala ngeSonto, uzodinga ukuzivikela okwengeziwe izinsuku eziyi-7 zokuqala.

Setha isikhumbuzi sansuku zonke ocingweni lwakho noma gcina amaphilisi akho endaweni ozowabona nsuku zonke. Ukweqa amaphilisi, ikakhulukazi ngesonto lokuqala lephakethe elisha, kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kwandise ingozi yokukhulelwa.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Ungawathatha ngokuphepha amaphilisi okulawula ukuzala ahlanganisiwe isikhathi eside njengoba udinga ukuzivikela futhi ungenazo izizathu zezokwelapha zokuyeka. Abesifazane abaningi bawasebenzisa iminyaka eminingi noma amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzoncoma ukuhlolwa konyaka ukuze aqaphe impilo yakho futhi aqinisekise ukuthi amaphilisi asafaneleka kuwe. Bazohlola umfutho wegazi lakho, baxoxe nganoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi, futhi babuyekeze isimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ungenza ukuyeka ukuthatha amaphilisi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ukuzala kwakho kuvame ukubuyela kokujwayelekile phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1-3 ngemva kokuyeka, nakuba abanye besifazane bekhulelwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuyeka amaphilisi.

Njengoba ukhula, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-35, udkt wakho angase axoxe ngokuthi amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe asayisinqumo esingcono kakhulu kuwe, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi njengokubhema noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yezithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Abesifazane abaningi bayawamukela kahle amaphilisi okulawula ukuzala ahlanganisiwe, kodwa abanye bahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela kumahomoni.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emazingeni amasha e-hormone:

• Ukuqaqamba noma ukuvuvukala kwamabele
• Ukucasuka okuncane, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala
• Ukukhathazeka kwekhanda noma izinguquko kumaphethini okukhathazeka kwekhanda
• Ushintsho lwemizwa noma ukuzizwa unemizwa eminingi
• Ukubona phakathi kwemijikelezo, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezi-3 zokuqala
• Ushintsho lwesisindo, nakuba ukuzuza isisindo esikhulu akuvamile
• Ukwehla kwesifiso socansi kwabanye besifazane

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-2-3 zokusetshenziswa njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nokushintshela kwenye ifomula.

Nakuba kungavamile, abanye besifazane bahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lezi zinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa amahlule egazi, ukushaywa unhlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, izinkinga zesibindi, kanye nesifo se-gallbladder.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhathazeka kwekhanda okukhulu, izinguquko embonweni, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu emlenzeni nokuvuvukala. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zezinkinga ezingathi sína ezidinga ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okusheshayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha Izithako Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin?

Ezinye izimo zempilo zenza amaphilisi okulawula inzalo ahlanganisiwe angaphephile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yama-clot egazi kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Akufanele usebenzise lawa maphilisi uma unomlando wama-clot egazi, ukushaywa unhlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma izimo ezithile zenhliziyo. Abesifazane abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe noma ukukhathazeka kwekhanda nge-aura nabo babhekene nezingozi ezengeziwe.

Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35 futhi uyabhema, amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe andisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yezigameko ezinzima zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma izindlela zokuvimbela ezihlukile ezingaqukethe i-estrogen.

Abesifazane abanezimo ezithile zesibindi, ukuphuma kwegazi okungachazeki kwesitho sangasese, noma umdlavuza wamabele owaziwayo noma osolwayo kufanele futhi bagweme amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe. Uma unesifo sikashukela esinezinkinga ezithinta imithambo yakho yegazi, lawa maphilisi kungenzeka awafanele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uncelisa futhi ungaphansi kwamasonto angu-6 ngemva kokubeletha, i-estrogen ingathinta ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukulinda noma ukukhetha inketho ye-progestin-only esikhundleni salokho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Wokuvimbela Ukukhulelwa Ngomlomo we-Estrogen-and-Progestin

Kunamabhrendi amaningi ahlukene amaphilisi okulwa nokukhulelwa ahlanganisiwe atholakalayo, ngalinye linokuhlanganiswa okuhlukile kwamahomoni kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa.

Amabhrendi adumile afaka i-Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Yaz, Yasmin, Lo/Ovral, Seasonale, kanye ne-Alesse. Ezinye ziyi-monophasic, okusho ukuthi iphilisi ngalinye elisebenzayo liqukethe amanani afanayo amahomoni, kanti ezinye ziyi-multiphasic ezinamazinga ahlukene amahomoni kuyo yonke indlela yokujikeleza.

Izinhlobo ze-Generic zitholakala kabanzi futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengamaphilisi anegama lomkhiqizo. Umshwalense wakho ungase uhlanganise izinketho ze-generic ngentengo ephansi, okwenza kube yindlela engokoqobo yabesifazane abaningi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokusiza ukhethe ukwakheka okungcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezempilo, noma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho mayelana nobude bomjikelezo namazinga amahomoni.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokuvimbela Ukukhulelwa Ngomlomo we-Estrogen-and-Progestin

Uma amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe engakulungele, izindlela eziningana zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ezingezinye zinikeza ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngempumelelo ngezinzuzo ezihlukene kanye nokucatshangelwa.

Amaphilisi e-Progestin-only, abizwa nangokuthi ama-mini-pills, aqukethe kuphela i-progesterone eyenziwe ngaphandle kwe-estrogen. Lawa avame ukufaneleka kwabesifazane abangakwazi ukuthatha i-estrogen ngenxa yezimo zempilo noma ukuncelisa.

Izindlela zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ezisebenza isikhathi eside zihlanganisa amadivayisi angaphakathi kwesisu (IUDs) kanye nezitshalo. Lezi zindlela zinikeza iminyaka yokuvikelwa ngokunakekelwa okuncane kwansuku zonke futhi zingaba lula ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abahlushwa ukuthatha amaphilisi nsuku zonke.

Izindlela zokuvimbela ezifana namakhondomu, ama-diaphragms, kanye nama-cervical caps anikeza izinketho ezingenamahomoni, nakuba zidinga ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo ngaso sonke isikhathi socansi. Lezi zindlela zikwazi nokuvikela ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi.

Izichibi ze-hormonal, izindandatho, kanye nemijovo kunikeza inhlanganisela efanayo yama-hormone kodwa ngezindlela ezihlukene zokuletha, okuthile abesifazane bakuthola kulula kunezibhebhe zansuku zonke.

Ingabe Izivikeli-nzalo Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin Zingcono Kunezibhebhe Ze-Progestin-Only?

Zombili izinhlobo zamaphilisi zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa, kodwa amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe anikeza ezinye izinzuzo mayelana nokulawulwa komjikelezo kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe zezempilo.

Amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe ngokuvamile anikeza imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini elindelekile enezikhathi ezilula, ezimfushane. Futhi asebenza kahle ekwelapheni izinduna futhi anganikeza ukukhululeka ekuphumeni kwegazi eliningi lokuya esikhathini.

Kodwa-ke, amaphilisi e-progestin-only aphephe kakhulu kwabesifazane abanezimo ezithile zezempilo, okuhlanganisa nalabo abangakwazi ukuthatha i-estrogen. Futhi bayindlela ekhethwayo yabesifazane abancelisa izingane ngoba abawuthinti ukukhiqizwa kobisi.

Amaphilisi e-progestin-only adinga isikhathi esiqondile, okudingeka athathwe ngaphakathi kwefasitela elifanayo le-3-hour nsuku zonke. Amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe anikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ngefasitela le-12-hour lezindlela eziningi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokusiza ukuthi ulinganise lezi zici ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezempilo, indlela yokuphila, kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi inketho ekusebenzela kangcono.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nezivikeli-nzalo Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin

Ingabe Izivikeli-nzalo Zomlomo Ze-Estrogen-and-Progestin Ziphephile Kwabesifazane Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela esilawulwa kahle ngaphandle kwezinkinga bangavame ukusebenzisa ngokuphepha amaphilisi okulawula ukuzala ahlanganisiwe. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukuqapha eduze ngoba la ma-hormone angathinta kancane amazinga kashukela egazini.

Uma unezinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela ezithinta imithambo yakho yegazi, inhliziyo, izinso, noma amehlo, amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe angakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela ze-progestin-only noma ezinye izindlela ezingezona ze-hormonal.

Ukuqapha njalo ushukela wakho wegazi, umfutho wegazi, kanye nempilo yakho yonke kubalulekile uma usebenzisa noma yisiphi isithako sokuvimbela inzalo esinamahomoni esinesifo sikashukela. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakusiza ukuthi uphathe zombili izimo ngempumelelo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile amaphilisi amaningi e-estrogen-and-progestin ngengozi?

Ukuphuza amaphilisi engeziwe ngengozi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukulimala okukhulu, kodwa ungase uzwe ukwanda kwesicanucanu, ubuhlungu bebele, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile. Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze, ngoba lokhu ngeke kusize futhi kungase kubangele ezinye izinkinga.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma ukulawulwa kwezinto ezinobuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso, ikakhulukazi uma uphuze amaphilisi amaningi engeziwe. Bangakweluleka ngalokho ongakulindela nokuthi ngabe udinga yini ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Qhubeka uphuza amaphilisi akho avamile njengoba kuhleliwe ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekutshela ngenye indlela. Ukuphuza amaphilisi engeziwe akunikezi ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ekukhulelweni futhi kungase kwandise imiphumela emibi.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo wamaphilisi e-estrogen-and-progestin?

Uma uphuthelwe iphilisi elilodwa, liphuze ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngisho noma lokho kusho ukuphuza amaphilisi amabili ngosuku olulodwa. Awudingi ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, futhi ukuvikeleka kwakho kuhlala kusebenza.

Uma uphuthelwe amaphilisi amabili alandelanayo emasontweni amabili okuqala, phuza amaphilisi amabili ezinsukwini ezimbili ezilandelayo, bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile. Sebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo izinsuku eziyi-7 ezilandelayo ngoba ukuvikeleka kwakho kungase kuncishiswe.

Ukuphuthelwa amaphilisi amabili ngesonto lesithathu noma ukuphuthelwa amaphilisi amathathu noma ngaphezulu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kudinga ukuphathwa okucophelelayo. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso esithile, njengoba kungase kudingeke uqale iphakethe elisha futhi usebenzise ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza amaphilisi e-estrogen-and-progestin?

Ungayeka ukuthatha amaphilisi okulawula inzalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa kungcono ukuqeda iphakethe lakho lamanje ukuze ugweme ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile. Akudingeki ukuthi unciphise umthamo kancane kancane ngoba umzimba wakho uzojwayela ngokwemvelo izinguquko zamahomoni.

Uma uyeka ukukhulelwa, ungaqala ukuzama ukukhulelwa ngokushesha. Ukuzala kwakho kuvame ukubuyela phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1-3, nakuba abanye besifazane bekhulelwa ngokushesha.

Uma ushintshela kwenye indlela yokuvimbela inzalo, xoxa ngesikhathi nodokotela wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo ekukhulelweni. Ezinye izindlela zidinga ukusetshenziswa okuhambisanayo ukuze ziguquke ngaphandle komthungo.

Ngingawathatha yini ama-Estrogen-and-Progestin Oral Contraceptives ngenkathi ngincelisa?

Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo ahlanganisiwe ngokuvamile awanconywa ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 zokuqala zokuncelisa ngoba i-estrogen inganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Lokhu kungathinta ukudla kwengane yakho nempumelelo yakho yokuncelisa.

Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyi-6, lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwakho ubisi sekusungulwe kahle futhi ingane yakho idla ukudla okuqinile, amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe angase abe yindlela. Nokho, ochwepheshe bezempilo abaningi basathanda izindlela ze-progestin-only ngesikhathi sokuncelisa.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela inzalo ngenkathi uncelisa. Bangakusiza ukuthi ukhethe indlela evikela ekukhulelweni ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ikhono lakho lokuncelisa ingane yakho.