Yini i-Fenfluramine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Fenfluramine iyimithi kadokotela esetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukuquleka kubantu abanesifo i-Dravet syndrome, uhlobo olungavamile nolunzima lwesithuthwane. Le mithi isebenza ngokusiza ukunciphisa imvamisa nobukhulu bokuquleka, ikakhulukazi ukuquleka okunzima ukukulawula okubonisa lesi simo.

Ngenkathi i-fenfluramine yayike yasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isisindo emashumini eminyaka edlule, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha namuhla kugxila ngokuphelele ekuphathweni kokuquleka. Imithi ongahlangana nayo namuhla yakhelwe ngqo futhi yavunywa ukwelapha isithuthwane, hhayi ngenjongo yokulawula isisindo.

Yini i-Fenfluramine?

I-Fenfluramine iyimithi ekhulula i-serotonin ethinta amakhemikhali obuchopho ukusiza ukulawula ukuquleka. Ingowodwa ohlwini lwemithi esebenza ngokwandisa amazinga e-serotonin ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokwenza ukuquleka.

Imithi iza njengesixazululo somlomo osithatha ngomlomo. Yakhelwe ngqo abantu abane-Dravet syndrome, uhlobo lwesithuthwane olungokwemvelo oluvame ukuqala esemncane futhi olungaba yinselele enkulu ukulwelapha ngeminye imithi yokuquleka.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukusabela kwakho kule mithi, njengoba idinga ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isebenza ngempumelelo nangokuphepha esimweni sakho esithile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Fenfluramine?

I-Fenfluramine ikakhulukazi inikezwa ukunciphisa imvamisa yokuquleka kubantu abane-Dravet syndrome. Lesi simo esingavamile sesithuthwane esingokwemvelo sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-15,000 kuya kwabangu-20,000 futhi ngokuvamile akusabeli kahle emithini ejwayelekile yokuquleka.

Imithi isiza ngokuqondile ngokuquleka okude, okukhulu okubonisa i-Dravet syndrome. Lokhu kuquleka kungaba yingozi kakhulu futhi kuphazamise impilo yansuku zonke, okwenza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekhwalithi yempilo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase bacabange ukusebenzisa i-fenfluramine kwezinye izifo ezingavamile zokuthuthumela, kodwa lokhu kungaba ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe okudinga ukugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha kanye nengxoxo mayelana nezinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nezingozi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Fenfluramine?

I-Fenfluramine isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni bakho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezilawula ukuthuthumela. Cabanga nge-serotonin njengomthunywa wamakhemikhali osiza amaseli ezinzwa ukuthi axhumane ngempumelelo nangokuthula.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela mayelana nokulawulwa kokuthuthumela. Awusebenzi ngendlela efanayo neminye imithi eminingi yokuthuthumela, yingakho ingasiza uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukulawulwa okwanele kokuthuthumela.

Ukwanda komsebenzi we-serotonin kusiza ukuzinzisa umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho, okwenza ukuthi ukuthuthumela kungenzeki. Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi ukwakheka ohlelweni lwakho, yingakho ungase ungaboni izinzuzo ezigcwele ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Fenfluramine?

Thatha i-fenfluramine ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Umuthi uza njengesixazululo somlomo osilinganisa ngokucophelela usebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe.

Ungawuthatha lo muthi ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi uma lokho kwenza kube lula ukugwinya. Akukho imikhawulo ethile yokudla, kodwa ukuwuthatha ngokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwesisu ongase ukuzwe.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithamo yakho cishe ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Setha izikhumbuzi uma kudingeka, njengoba isikhathi esiqhubekayo sisiza umuthi ukuthi usebenze ngempumelelo.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi awunyuse kancane kancane ngokusekelwe ekutheni usabela kahle kangakanani kanye nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo. Ungalokothi ulungise umthamo wakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Fenfluramine?

I-Fenfluramine ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside yokulawula ukuquleka ku-Dravet syndrome. Abantu abaningi kudingeka baqhubeke beyithatha unomphela ukuze balondoloze ukulawulwa kokuquleka, njengoba ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekwandeni komsebenzi wokuquleka.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani kuwe, ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ekuqaleni, bese kuba njalo uma ukuquleka kwakho kulawulwa kahle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukunquma ukuthi i-fenfluramine iyaqhubeka yini ukuba yisinqumo esifanele esimweni sakho.

Uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuyeka i-fenfluramine, le nqubo idinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela nokuncishiswa komthamo kancane kancane. Ukuyeka imithi yokuquleka kungazelelwe kungaba yingozi futhi kungase kubangele ukuquleka okuvame kakhulu noma okukhulu.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Fenfluramine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-fenfluramine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, ukhumbula ukuthi abantu abaningi banemiphumela embalwa noma abanayo ekhathazayo:

• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla nokuncipha kwesisindo
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile
• Ukozela noma ubuthongo
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izihlalo ezixekile
• Ukuqina kwesisu
• Umkhuhlane
• Izifo ezingaphezulu zokuphefumula

Le miphumela emibi evamile ivame ukungabonakali ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini. Nokho, yazisa udokotela wakho uma ziqhubeka noma ziba yinkinga.

Eminye imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukwazi:

• Izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo noma ukuhleba kwenhliziyo
• I-pulmonary hypertension (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini)
• Ushintsho olukhulu lwemizwa noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba
• I-Glaucoma noma ukwanda kwengcindezi yamehlo

Udktora wakho uzokugada ngokucophelela ngenxa yale miphumela ebucayi ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuvamile futhi angase ayalele izivivinyo zenhliziyo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi uhlala uphephile kuwe.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Fenfluramine?

I-Fenfluramine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile zezempilo zenza lo muthi ungabi nawo uphephile noma ungasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthathe i-fenfluramine uma unesinye salezi zimo, njengoba zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezinzima:

• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo noma ukukhala kwenhliziyo
• I-Pulmonary hypertension
• Isifo esibi sesibindi noma sezinso
• I-Glaucoma noma ukwanda kwengcindezi yamehlo
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-fenfluramine noma imithi efanayo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo, njengoba i-fenfluramine ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile, ikakhulukazi eminye imithi ethinta i-serotonin kanye neminye imithi yokucindezeleka.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngamabele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ngenkathi ukulawulwa kokuhlaselwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukulinganisa izinzuzo nezingozi ezingase zibe khona kumntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Fenfluramine

I-Fenfluramine itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Fintepla e-United States. Le yindlela ethile evunywe yi-FDA yokwelapha ukuhlaselwa okuhambisana ne-Dravet syndrome.

Igama lomkhiqizo elithi Fintepla lisiza ukuhlukanisa lo muthi wanamuhla wokuhlaselwa emithini endala ye-fenfluramine eyayike isetshenziselwe ukunciphisa isisindo kodwa ayisatholakali. Njalo sebenzisa umkhiqizo othile kanye nokwakheka okubhalwe ngudokotela wakho.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-fenfluramine zokwelashwa kokuhlaselwa azikatholakali kabanzi, ngakho-ke imiyalelo eminingi izogcwaliswa ngegama lomkhiqizo elithi Fintepla.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Fenfluramine

Eminye imithi eminingi ingasiza ekuphatheni ukuquleka ku-Dravet syndrome, nakuba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ekuphenduleni kwakho ngakunye kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angase acabange lezi ezinye izindlela uma i-fenfluramine ingafaneleki noma ingasebenzi kuwe.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa i-stiripentol, i-clobazam, i-valproic acid, kanye ne-topiramate. Ngamunye usebenza ngendlela ehlukile ebuchosheni futhi angasebenza kangcono noma ngaphansi kuye ngohlobo lokuquleka kwakho oluthile nezinye izici zempilo.

Imithi esekelwe ku-Cannabis efana ne-cannabidiol (CBD) nayo ivunyelwe i-Dravet syndrome futhi ingase icatshangelwe njengezinye izindlela noma izithasiselo ku-fenfluramine, kuye ngesimo sakho.

Ungalokothi ushintshe imithi ngaphandle kokusebenza eduze nodokotela wakho, njengoba imithi yokuquleka idinga ukushintshwa ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe ukuquleka noma imiphumela yokuhoxiswa.

Ingabe i-Fenfluramine Ingcono Kunezinye Izidakamizwa Zokuquleka?

I-Fenfluramine inikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele kubantu abane-Dravet syndrome, ikakhulukazi ngoba isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izidakamizwa eziningi zokuquleka. Le ndlela ehlukile ingasiza ikakhulukazi lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukulawulwa okwanele kokuquleka.

Izifundo zemitholampilo zibonisa ukuthi i-fenfluramine inganciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokuquleka kubantu abaningi abane-Dravet syndrome, ngokuvamile inikeza ukulawula okungcono kunezinye izidakamizwa zokuquleka zendabuko zodwa. Kodwa-ke,

Ingabe i-Fenfluramine iphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside?

Yebo, i-fenfluramine yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kubantu abanesifo i-Dravet, futhi izifundo ziyayisekela iphrofayili yayo yokuphepha uma isetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola njalo ngezikhathi zokuhlolwa kanye nokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze aqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokuphepha.

Okhiye wokuphepha ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ukuqapha njalo, ikakhulukazi izivivinyo zomsebenzi wenhliziyo, ngoba i-fenfluramine ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta ama-valve enhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ekuqaleni lapho zilawuleka kakhulu.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Fenfluramine eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-fenfluramine eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile. Ukuphuza okuningi kungase kuthinte inhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, nomsebenzi wobuchopho.

Ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zivele ngaphambi kokufuna usizo, njengoba eminye imiphumela yokweqisa ingase ingabonakali ngokushesha. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe uma ufuna ukwelashwa ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani oyiphuzile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Fenfluramine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, uyithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho yokulinganisa ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukusiza ukugcina ukuqina.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza i-Fenfluramine?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuphuza i-fenfluramine ngaphansi kokuqondisa nokugadwa kukadokotela wakho. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekwandeni komsebenzi wokuthuthumela, okungaba yingozi kubantu abanesifo i-Dravet.

Uma wena nodokotela wakho nithatha isinqumo sokuyeka ukuthatha i-fenfluramine, inqubo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho emasontweni amaningana noma izinyanga. Le ndlela eqaphelayo isiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthuthumela ngenkathi kuqashwa ukuthi usabela kanjani ezingxenyeni.

Ngingashayela ngisathatha i-Fenfluramine?

Ukushayela ngenkathi uthatha i-fenfluramine kuncike ekutheni ukuthuthumela kwakho kulawulwa kahle kangakanani nokuthi imithi ikuthinta kanjani wena uqobo. Imithi ingabangela ukozela noma ukukhathala kwabanye abantu, okungase kuthinte ikhono lokushayela.

Xoxa ngobungozi bokushayela nodokotela wakho, njengoba bengakusiza ukuthi uqonde kokubili imikhawulo yokushayela ehlobene nokuthuthumela endaweni yakho nokuthi ngabe imiphumela emibi ye-fenfluramine ingase ithinte yini ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha. Abantu abaningi abanokuthuthumela okulawulwa kahle bangashayela, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye kwezokwelapha.