Yini i-Gabapentin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Gabapentin iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukuthulisa izimpawu zemizwa ekhuthele emzimbeni wakho. Ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa ukwelapha ukuquleka, odokotela manje bayivame ukuyincoma ngezinhlungu zemizwa nezinye izimo lapho uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa ludinga ukulawulwa ngobumnene.

Cabanga nge-gabapentin njengomlamuli osizayo ongena lapho imizwa yakho ithumela izimpawu eziningi zobuhlungu noma idubula ngokushesha kakhulu. Isebenza ngokubopha eziteshini ezithile ze-calcium ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuqina kobuhlungu obuhlobene nemizwa nomsebenzi wokuquleka.

Yini i-Gabapentin?

I-Gabapentin ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anticonvulsants noma imithi elwa nokuquleka. Naphezu kwenjongo yayo yasekuqaleni, iye yaqashelwa kabanzi njengokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlungu zemizwa.

Umuthi ulingisa ikhemikhali yobuchopho yemvelo ebizwa nge-GABA (i-gamma-aminobutyric acid), nakuba empeleni ingasebenzi ngemigudu efanayo. Kunalokho, inciphisa ukukhishwa kwama-neurotransmitters athile anegalelo ebuhlungwini nomsebenzi wokuquleka.

I-Gabapentin iyatholakala njengama-capsules, amaphilisi, kanye nesisombululo somlomo, okwenza kube lula kubantu abanobunzima bokugwinya amaphilisi. Umuthi udinga incwadi kadokotela futhi uza ngamandla ahlukahlukene ukuze ahambisane nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Gabapentin?

I-Gabapentin iphatha izimo eziningana, ngezinhlungu zemizwa nokuquleka okuyizona ezivamile. Udokotela wakho angase akuyalele uma imithi yezinhlungu yendabuko ingazange inikeze ukukhululeka okwanele kokungahambi kahle okuhlobene nemizwa.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko i-gabapentin esiza ukuzilawula:

• I-Postherpetic neuralgia (izinhlungu zemizwa ngemva kwe-shingles)
• I-Diabetic neuropathy (ukulimala kwemizwa okuvela esifo sikashukela)
• Ukuquleka okuyingxenye (njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe)
• I-Restless leg syndrome
• Izinhlungu ze-Fibromyalgia
• Izimo zobuhlungu ezingapheli ezihilela ukulimala kwemizwa

Ngesinye isikhathi odokotela banikeza i-gabapentin ngezimo ezingavamile njengezifo zokukhathazeka, ukushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, noma izinhlobo ezithile zokukhathazeka. Lokhu kuthathwa njengokusebenzisa "ngaphandle kwelebula", okusho ukuthi akuvunyelwe ngokusemthethweni kodwa kukhombise isithembiso emkhubeni wezempilo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Gabapentin?

I-Gabapentin isebenza ngokunciphisa umsebenzi ongajwayelekile kagesi ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla aphakathi nendawo onikeza ukukhululeka okuqhubekayo, okungaguquki kunokuba nemiphumela esheshayo.

Umuthi unamathisela emiseleni ye-calcium emangqamuzaneni akho ezinzwa, okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwama-neurotransmitters akhuthazayo. Lesi senzo sisiza ukuthulisa izinzwa ezigxilile ezithumela izimpawu zobuhlungu noma ezibangela ukuquleka.

Ngokungafani nemithi enamandla yobuhlungu efana nama-opioids, i-gabapentin ayinayo ingozi efanayo yokulutheka noma ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula. Yakha kancane kancane ohlelweni lwakho, yingakho ungase ungayiboni imiphumela yayo ephelele amasonto amaningana.

Umuthi unendlela enobumnene uma iqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kobuhlungu obunamandla ezinzwa. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindlela enhle yokuqala kubantu abaningi ababhekene nezimo ezingapheli ezihlobene nezinzwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Gabapentin?

Thatha i-gabapentin ngendlela enqunywe ngayo udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ungayithatha ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi - noma yini ezizwa ikhululekile esiswini sakho.

Ukuqala ngokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okungenzeka, ikakhulukazi emasontweni akho ambalwa okuqala. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuyithatha ngesidlo esilula noma ukudla kusiza umzimba wabo ukuthi ujwayele kalula umuthi.

Uma uthatha uhlobo lwe-capsule, lugwinye lonke ngaphandle kokulichoboza noma ukulihlafuna. Ngokwesisombululo somlomo, linganisa umthamo wakho ngokucophelela usebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa eza nomuthi.

Hlukanisa imithamo yakho ngokulinganayo usuku lonke, bese uzama ukuyithatha ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi emzimbeni wakho ukuze usebenze kahle.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-gabapentin kungazelelwe, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa ngenqubo yokunciphisa kancane kancane ukuze ugweme izimpawu zokuhoxisa ezingase zibe khona noma ukuqhekeka kokuhlaselwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Gabapentin?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-gabapentin buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho nokuthi usabela kanjani emuthini. Abanye abantu bayayidinga izinyanga ezimbalwa, kanti abanye bazuza ekuyisebenziseni isikhathi eside.

Ezimweni zobuhlungu bemizwa njenge-postherpetic neuralgia, ungase udinge i-gabapentin izinyanga eziningana kuya ngonyaka njengoba imizwa yakho iphola. Izimo ezingapheli njenge-diabetic neuropathy zivame ukudinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukukhululeka kobuhlungu.

Uma uthatha i-gabapentin ngenxa yokuhlaselwa, cishe uzoyidinga isikhathi eside njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokuphatha ukuhlaselwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusabela kwakho futhi angase alungise ubude ngokuya ngokuthi ukuhlaselwa kwakho kulawulwa kangakanani.

Ukuqokwa okulandelayo njalo kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ubude bokwelashwa obulungile kuwe. Bazohlola izimpawu zakho, imiphumela emibi, kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yakho yonke ukuze benze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu mayelana nokuqhubeka nokwelashwa.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Gabapentin?

Abantu abaningi bayamukela i-gabapentin kahle, kodwa njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole:

• Ukozela noma ukukhathala
• Isiyezi noma ukungazinzi
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma emilenzeni
• Umbono ongamisiwe noma ophindwe kabili
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukuzuza isisindo
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama

Lezi zimo ezingezinhle zivame ukuvela emasontweni ambalwa okuqala futhi zivame ukungabonakali kangako njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela. Ukuqala ngomthamo ophansi bese uwunyusa kancane kancane kungasiza ekunciphiseni lezi zimo.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemiphumela engavamile kodwa ekhathazayo edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)
• Ushintsho olungavamile emizweni noma ekuziphatheni
• Imicabango yokuzilimaza noma ukuzibulala
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma izinkinga zokuxhumana
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ubuthakathaka

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi zalezi zimo ezingathi sína ezingezinhle. Nakuba kungavamile, zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwakho.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Gabapentin?

I-Gabapentin ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abadala abaningi, kodwa abanye abantu kufanele bayigweme noma bayisebenzise ngokucophelela okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuyinika.

Akufanele uthathe i-gabapentin uma unokungezwani nayo noma nganoma yiziphi izithako zayo. Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengoba izinso zikhipha i-gabapentin emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka kula maqembu:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa
• Abantu abanezifo zezinso noma ukusebenza kwezinso okuncishisiwe
• Abantu abanomlando wokucindezeleka noma imicabango yokuzibulala
• Abantu abadala (ingozi enkulu yokuwa ngenxa yesiyezi)
• Abantu abathatha eminye imithi ebangela ukozela

Uma unomlando wokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze, njengoba i-gabapentin ingase isetshenziswe kabi ngezikhathi ezithile. Nokho, lokhu akukukhiphi ngokuzenzakalelayo ekwelashweni - kumane kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukugadwa eduze.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Gabapentin

I-Gabapentin itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi emakethe, i-Neurontin iyona eyaziwa kakhulu. I-Gabapentin ejwayelekile iqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi isebenza ngempumelelo njengoba kwenza nezinhlobo ezinamagama emakethe.

Amagama ajwayelekile emakethe afaka i-Neurontin, i-Gralise, ne-Horizant. I-Gralise ne-Horizant yizinhlobo ezikhishwe isikhathi eside ezivumela ukuthi umuntu athathe imithi kaningi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-gabapentin ejwayelekile.

Ikhemisi lakho lingashintsha i-gabapentin ejwayelekile ngohlobo olunamagama emakethe ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ecela ngokuqondile uhlobo olunamagama emakethe. Lokhu kushintsha kungakongela imali ngenkathi kunikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo zokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Gabapentin

Ezinye izindlela ziyatholakala uma i-gabapentin ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engathandeki. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zinketho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ngezinhlungu zemizwa, ezinye izindlela zifaka i-pregabalin (Lyrica), esebenza ngendlela efana ne-gabapentin kodwa ingase ibe namandla amaningi. Ama-antidepressants e-Tricyclic afana ne-amitriptyline noma i-nortriptyline angaphinda aphathe izinhlungu zemizwa ngempumelelo.

Eminye imithi yezinhlungu zemizwa okufanele icatshangelwe:

• Pregabalin (Lyrica) - indlela efanayo kodwa mhlawumbe isebenza kahle kakhulu
• Duloxetine (Cymbalta) - i-antidepressant esiza izinhlungu zemizwa
• Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo njengama-lidocaine patches noma ukhilimu we-capsaicin
• Ama-anticonvulsants afana ne-lamotrigine noma i-carbamazepine

Ngokuquleka, ezinye izindlela zifaka i-levetiracetam (Keppra), i-lamotrigine (Lamictal), noma amanye ama-anticonvulsants. Ukukhetha kuncike ohlotsheni lokuquleka kwakho nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ehlukene.

Ingabe i-Gabapentin ingcono kune-Pregabalin?

Kokubili i-gabapentin ne-pregabalin zisebenza ngendlela efanayo ngezinhlungu zemizwa nokuquleka, kodwa zihlukile ngendlela ebalulekile. Akukho ngisho noyedwa 'ongcono' - ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kuncike esimweni sakho ngasinye nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ngayinye.

I-Pregabalin (Lyrica) ivame ukuba namandla kakhulu kune-gabapentin, okusho ukuthi ungase udinge imithamo ephansi ukuze uzuze umphumela ofanayo. Futhi inokumuncwa okuthembeke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho, okungaholela ekukhululekeni kobuhlungu obungaguquki.

Kodwa-ke, i-gabapentin isitholakala isikhathi eside futhi ibiza kancane kakhulu kune-pregabalin. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zikhetha i-gabapentin njengokwelashwa kokuqala ngenxa yomehluko wezindleko.

I-Gabapentin idinga imithamo eminingi yansuku zonke (ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-2-3), kuyilapho i-pregabalin ithathwa kabili ngosuku. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi isimiso sokulinganisa se-pregabalin silungele kakhulu indlela yabo yokuphila.

Udkt wakho cishe uzoqala nge-gabapentin ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphansi kanye nomlando wayo wokuphepha obanzi. Uma inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele noma ibangela imiphumela engemihle, i-pregabalin ingase ibe yisinyathelo esilandelayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Gabapentin

Ingabe i-Gabapentin iphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

I-Gabapentin ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, njengoba ingawuthinti kakhulu umfutho wenhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi. Ngokungafani neminye imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu, ayikhuphuli ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi.

Kodwa-ke, ukuvuvukala (i-edema) i-gabapentin engakubangela kungase kube ngukukhathazeka uma unesifo senhliziyo. Udkt wakho uzokuqapha eduze futhi angase alungise umthamo wakho noma ancome umuthi ohlukile uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuba yinkinga.

Njalo yazisa udkt wakho wenhliziyo ukuthi uthatha i-gabapentin, ikakhulukazi uma uqaphela ukuvuvukala okwengeziwe emilenzeni yakho, emaqakaleni, noma esiswini. Bangasiza ekutholeni ukuthi ukuvuvukala kuhlobene ne-gabapentin noma isimo senhliziyo yakho.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Gabapentin eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-gabapentin eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodkt wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuphuza okuningi kungabangela imiphumela emibi engathi sína njengobuthongo obukhulu, ukukhuluma okungacacile, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ngabe izimpawu ziyavela yini - shayela ukuze uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Yiba nebhodlela lomuthi nawe uma ushayela ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza imininingwane enembile mayelana nokuthi ungakanani owuthathile.

Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-gabapentin zihlanganisa ukozela okukhulu, umbono ophindwe kabili, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, nezinkinga zokuxhumana. Ezimweni ezinzima, kungabangela i-coma noma ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula, okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Ungalokothi ubangele ukuhlanza ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Uma umuntu engazi lutho noma enenkinga yokuphefumula, shayela ku-911 ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngedlula Umthamo We-Gabapentin?

Thatha umthamo wakho owuphuthelwe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Uma sekuseduze nesikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo owuphuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuphuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Kunalokho, qala kabusha ishejuli yakho yokulinganisa bese ucabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule imithamo yesikhathi esizayo.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana namaqhinga okuthuthukisa ukunamathela emithini. Bangase baphakamise abahleli bamaphilisi, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone, noma ukulungisa ishejuli yakho yokulinganisa ukuze ilingane kangcono nomkhuba wakho.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akuyingozi, kodwa ukuqina kusiza ukugcina ukukhululeka kobuhlungu okuzinzile noma ukulawula ukuhlaselwa. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo njalo, izimpawu zakho zingase zibuye noma zibe zimbi.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Gabapentin?

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-gabapentin ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxiswa njengokukhathazeka, ukujuluka, isicanucanu, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlaselwa ngisho noma ubungayithathi i-epilepsy.

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ishejuli yokunciphisa enciphisa kancane umthamo wakho phakathi namasonto amaningana noma izinyanga. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uzivumelanise kancane futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezimpawu zokuhoxiswa noma ukubuyela kwezimpawu.

Inqubo yokunciphisa imithi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukunciphisa umthamo wakho ngamaphesenti angama-25-50% njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini, kuye ngokuthi usuyithatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi umthamo wakho wamanje unjani. Abanye abantu badinga ukunciphisa imithi kancane kakhulu ezinyangeni eziningana.

Ungase ukwazi ukuyeka i-gabapentin uma isimo sakho esingaphansi sithuthukile, uma imiphumela emibi ikukhathaza kakhulu, noma uma ushintshela emuthini ohlukile. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume isikhathi esifanele nendlela yokuyeka.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Gabapentin?

Kungcono ukugwema noma ukunciphisa kakhulu utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-gabapentin. Zombili lezi zinto zingabangela ukozela nesiyezi, futhi ukuzihlanganisa kwandisa le miphumela futhi kwandisa ingozi yakho yezingozi noma ukuwa.

Utshwala bungase futhi lwenze kube kubi eminye yemiphumela emibi ye-gabapentin, okuhlanganisa ukudideka, izinkinga zokuxhumana, nokucindezeleka kokuphefumula. Ngisho namanani amancane otshwala angase akuthinte ngaphezu kokujwayelekile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, qala ngamanani amancane kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani. Ungalokothi ushayele noma usebenzise imishini ngemva kokuphuza noma yiluphi utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-gabapentin.

Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwakho utshwala. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe emthomeni wakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nezici eziyingozi zomuntu ngamunye. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi bethatha i-gabapentin.