Yini i-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye Nomgomo we-Hepatitis B? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa Kwasekhaya

Umuthi wokugoma ohlanganisa i-Haemophilus b conjugate kanye ne-Hepatitis B ngumgomo ovikelayo okwenza ukuthi ungathinteki ezifweni ezimbili ezingamathambo namagciwane. Lo mjovo owodwa usiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe kokubili i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib) kanye negciwane le-Hepatitis B ngaphambi kokuba zikwazi ukubangela ukugula.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo ngokuvamile banikeza lo mgomo ezinsaneni nakubantwana njengengxenye yohlelo lwabo olujwayelekile lokugoma. Umgomo uqukethe izingxenye ezibuthakathaka noma ezingasebenzi zamagciwane womabili, okufundisa umzimba wakho ukuthi uzivikele kanjani ngaphandle kokubangela izifo zangempela.

Yini i-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye Nomgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Lo mgomo ohlanganisiwe uvikela ezifweni ezimbili ezihlukene kodwa ezingathi sína ezingathinta izingane nabantu abadala. I-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b yibhaktheriya engabangela izifo ezinzima ebuchosheni, emaphashini, nasegazini, kanti i-Hepatitis B yigciwane elihlasela isibindi.

Umgomo usebenza ngokwethula izingcezu ezincane, ezingenabungozi zala magciwane emasosheni akho omzimba. Umzimba wakho bese udala ama-antibody, afana namasosha akhethekile akhumbula ukuthi angalwa kanjani nalezi zifo ezithile uma uhlangana nazo esikhathini esizayo.

Abantu abaningi bathola lo mgomo besebancane, ngokuvamile beqala eneminyaka engu-2 ubudala. Ifomethi yokuhlanganisa isho ukuthi imijovo eminingi ehlukene, okwenza inqubo yokugoma ibe lula ezinganeni nakubazali.

Umuzwa onjani ngomgomo we-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye ne-Hepatitis B?

Umgomo ngokwawo uzizwa njengokuchofoza okusheshayo noma ukugwaza okufushane lapho inaliti ingena emsipheni wengalo yakho. Abantu abaningi bachaza lo muzwa njengofana neminye imijovo ejwayelekile, ethatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.

Ngemva kokuthola umgomo, ungase uqaphele ubuhlungu obuncane noma ukuba buhlungu endaweni yokujova. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuzizwa njengemisipha elimele futhi ngokuvamile kulungisa phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemiphumela emincane kakhulu engakwenza uzizwe ungaphilile kancane. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise umkhuhlane ophansi, ukukhathala okuncane, noma ubuhlungu obujwayelekile obufana nezigaba zokuqala zomkhuhlane.

Yini ebangela ukusabela ku-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye noMgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Ukusabela komgomo kwenzeka ngoba amasosha akho omzimba asebenza ngokuzimisela ekusabeleni ezingxenyeni zomgomo. Lokhu kusabela empeleni kuyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi umzimba wakho wakha ukuvikeleka ezifweni.

Amasosha akho omzimba aphatha izingxenye zomgomo njengezinto zangaphandle futhi aqala ukukhiqiza ama-antibody. Le nqubo ingabangela ukuvuvukala okuncane endaweni yokujova futhi ngezinye izikhathi iqale umkhuhlane ophansi njengoba umzimba wakho usebenza ukudala ukuzivikela emzimbeni.

Ukusabela okuvame kakhulu kuvela ekusabeleni kwemvelo komzimba wakho okuvuvukalayo. Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova, kusho ukuthi amaseli akho omzimba aqoqana ukuze acubungule umgomo futhi akhe ukuvikeleka okuhlala njalo.

Abanye abantu bangase basabele ezigcini zomgomo noma iziqinisi, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Lezi zithako zisiza ukugcina umgomo uphephile futhi usebenza kahle, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile zingabangela ukusabela okuncane komzimba kubantu abazwelayo.

Yini imiphumela emibi nokusabela kulo mgomo?

Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana kuphela nemiphumela emibi emincane elungisa yodwa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kusabela kuyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba asabela ngendlela efanele kumgomo.

Nawa imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyibone ngemva kokuthola lo mgomo:

• Ukuqaqamba, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Umkhuhlane olula (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ukukhathala okuncane noma ukucasuka (ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni)
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili
• Ukukhathala okuncane noma ukuzizwa ungaphilile kancane
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha okuncane endaweni yokujova

Lezi zimo zivela ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-24 ngemva kokugonywa futhi zivame ukunyamalala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-3. Zithambile kakhulu kunezifo ezinzima umgomo ozivimbayo.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kakhulu kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqubuka okukhulu, noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu ebusweni noma emqaleni, okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Ingabe imiphumela emibi yomgomo inganyamalala yodwa?

Yebo, iningi elikhulu lemiphumela emibi yomgomo liyanyamalala ngokuphelele lodwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uqeda izingxenye zomgomo futhi impendulo yokuvuvukala iyazinzisa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukuqaqamba nokuvuvukala endaweni yokujova kuvame ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwamahora angama-24-48 bese kululama kancane kancane. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi lezi zimpawu zinyamalala ngokuphelele phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3-4 ngemva kokuthola umgomo.

Umkhuhlane olula nokungakhululeki okujwayelekile kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile kulungiswa phakathi kwamahora angama-24-48. Isistimu yakho yokuzivikela isebenza kahle ukudala ama-antibody adingekayo ngenkathi inciphisa ukungakhululeki okuqhubekayo.

Imiphumela emibi yomgomo ingelashwa kanjani ekhaya?

Amakhambi alula asekhaya angasiza ekuphatheni imiphumela emibi eminingi yomgomo futhi akugcine ukhululekile ngenkathi umzimba wakho wakha ukuzivikela. Lezi zindlela zigxila ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokusekela ukunethezeka kwakho konke.

Ukuqaqamba nokuvuvukala endaweni yokujova, unga zama lawa makhambi alula:

• Sebenzisa indwangu ebandayo, emanzi endaweni yokujova imizuzu engu-10-15
• Hambisa ingalo yakho kancane ukuvimbela ukuqina
• Thatha imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen njengoba uqondiswe
• Gwema ukuhlikihla noma ukubhucunga indawo yokujova
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile ukuze ugweme ukucasula le ndawo

Uma uba nomkhuhlane olula, gxila ekuhlaliseni kahle futhi unamanzi. Phuza uketshezi oluningi, thola ukuphumula okwanele, futhi ucabangele imithi yokwehlisa umkhuhlane uma izinga lokushisa likwenza ungakhululeki.

Ezinsaneni nakubantwana abancane, ukugona okwengeziwe, ukudlala ngobumnene, nokugcina amashejuli okudla avamile kungabasiza bazizwe ngcono. Iningi lezingane libuyela emisebenzini yazo ejwayelekile ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwezimpawu ezinzima zomgomo?

Izimpawu ezinzima zomgomo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, nakuba zenzeka ngaphansi koyedwa kwizigidi eziyodwa zemithamo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo baqeqeshwe ukubona nokwelapha lezi zimpendulo ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo kuvamile ukuhlanganisa imijovo ye-epinephrine (adrenaline) kanye nama-antihistamines. Amaqembu ezokwelapha angase futhi anikeze ukusekelwa komoya-mpilo kanye noketshezi lwe-intravenous uma kudingeka.

Ezimpendulweni ezingezona ezinzima kodwa ezikhathazayo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ama-antihistamines kadokotela noma ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Bazophinde baqaphe izimpawu zakho ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi zithuthuka ngendlela efanele.

Iningi labantu abahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima balulama ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bazobhala futhi ukusabela ukusiza ukuqondisa izinqumo zokugoma zesikhathi esizayo kuwe noma enganeni yakho.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezimpawu zomgomo?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala zinzima noma zikhathaza ngemuva kokugonywa. Ngenkathi iningi lezimpawu zithambile, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukubheka nochwepheshe wezempilo uma ukhathazekile.

Funani ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezinzima:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhwehlela
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Ukuqubuka okubanzi noma imihuzuko
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-104°F)
• Ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo noma isifo sohudo esibi
• Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu (i-anaphylaxis)
• Ukozela okungavamile noma ubunzima bokuvuka
• Ukuhlaselwa yisithuthwane noma ukugonyuluka

Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo, yize zingavamile kakhulu. Amaqembu ezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ahlonyiswe kahle ukubhekana nokusabela komgomo futhi angahlinzeka ngemithi esebenzayo.

Kufanele futhi uthinte udokotela wakho uma izimpawu ezithambile ziqhubeka isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile noma zibonakala ziba zimbi kunokuba ngcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa ukusabela komgomo?

Abantu abaningi bangamukela ngokuphepha lo mgomo ngaphandle kokusabela okukhulu, kepha izici ezithile zingase zikhuphule amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela emibi. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kusiza abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nesikhathi sokugoma nokuqapha.

Ukusabela okwedlule kokungezwani komzimba emagomeni noma ezingxenyeni zomgomo kumelela isici esiyingozi esibaluleke kakhulu. Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kweminye imigomo, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi lo mgomo ukufanele yini.

Nazi izici eziyingozi ezingase zikhuphule amathuba akho okusabela komgomo:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba ngaphambilini emithini yokugoma
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo nezithako zomgomo (i-aluminium, imvubelo, noma izilondolozi)
• Ukugula okuphakathi nendawo kuya kokukhulu ngomkhuhlane
• Isistimu yomzimba ebuthakathaka ngenxa yokugula noma imithi
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi kwakamuva noma ukuthola i-immune globulin
• Ukukhulelwa (izikhathi zokucabangela zingasebenza)

Ukuba nalezi zinto eziyingozi akusho ngempela ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola umgomo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokala izingozi nezinzuzo ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo ngamunye futhi angase ancome ukushintshwa kwesikhathi noma ukuqapha okwengeziwe.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuphendula komgomo?

Izinkinga ezinzima ezivela kulomgomo azivamile kakhulu, zenzeka ngaphansi kweyodwa kwizigidi eziyodwa zemithamo enikeziwe. Izifo ezivinjwe yilomgomo zibeka izingozi ezinkulu kakhulu kunomgomo ngokwawo.

Inkinga enkulu engaba khona yi-anaphylaxis, ukusabela okukhulu komzimba okungathinta ukuphefumula nomfutho wegazi. Lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kodwa kuphendula kahle ekungeneni kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma kwenzeka.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile zingabandakanya:

• Ukusabela okukhulu kwendawo nokuvuvukala okukhulu
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu oqhubekayo ohlala amahora angaphezu kwama-48
• Ukushaywa yisithuthwane okuhlobene nomkhuhlane (ukushaywa yisithuthwane okuhlobene nomkhuhlane ezinganeni ezincane)
• Ubuhlungu behlombe besikhashana noma ukunyakaza kwengalo okulinganiselwe
• Ukusabela okungavamile kakhulu kwemizwa

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zinkinga azivamile kakhulu. Izifo ezivinjwe yilomgomo, okuhlanganisa i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo lwe-b meningitis kanye nesifo sesibindi se-Hepatitis B, zibangela izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu nokufa kunomgomo ngokwawo.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo baqapha ukuphepha komgomo ngokuqhubekayo ngamasistimu kazwelonke okuqapha, beqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izindlela ezikhathazayo zikhonjwa ngokushesha futhi zixazululwe.

Ingabe Umgomo we-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye ne-Hepatitis B muhle noma mubi empilweni yomzimba?

Lo mgomo unenzuzo enkulu empilweni yakho yomzimba kanye nenhlalakahle yakho iyonke. Uqeqesha amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe nezifo ezimbili ezinzima ngaphandle kokubangela lezo zifo ngokwazo.

Umjovo uqinisa amasosha akho omzimba ngokuwafundisa ukuthi akhiqize ama-antibody athile alwa ne-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b kanye negciwane le-Hepatitis B. Lokhu kudala ukuvikeleka okuhlala njalo okungavimbela izifo ezisongela impilo yakho yonke.

Ukwamukela lo mgomo empeleni kuthuthukisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuphendula kulezi zinsongo ezithile. Umzimba wakho uthuthukisa inkumbulo yezokwelapha, okusho ukuthi ungaqaphela ngokushesha futhi uqede lawa magciwane uma uhlangana nawo esikhathini esizayo.

Umjovo futhi unegalelo ekungavikelekeni komphakathi, usiza ukuvikela abantu abangakwazi ukugonywa ngenxa yezimo zezokwelapha. Uma abantu abanele begonyiwe, kunciphisa ukusabalala kwalezi zifo emphakathini.

Yini okungase kuthathwe njengokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuphendula umjovo?

Izindlela zokuphendula umjovo ezimnene ngezinye izikhathi zingadidaniswa nezimpawu zakuqala zezifo ezivamile, ikakhulukazi njengoba zivame ukwenzeka kungakapheli amahora angu-24-48 ngemuva kokugonywa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezifanayo kukusiza ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kokuphendula okujwayelekile komjovo nezinkinga zempilo ezingahlobene.

Umkhuhlane omncane nokukhathala okuncane okwenzeka ngemuva kokugonywa ngezinye izikhathi kungazizwa kufana nezigaba zokuqala zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezihlobene nomjovo ngokuvamile zixazulula ngokushesha futhi azithuthuki zibe yisifo esibi kakhulu.

Ubuhlungu bendawo yokujova bungase budidaniswe nokulimala kwemisipha noma ukulimala, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba matasa muva nje. Ubuhlungu obuhlobene nomjovo buvame ukuhlala endaweni yokujova futhi buthuthuka kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane, ukukhathazeka okuhlobene nomgomo ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa ukuqhumuka kwamazinyo, ukukhula, noma ezinye izinguquko zokukhula. Isikhathi sezimpawu ezihlobene nokugonywa ngokuvamile sisiza ukucacisa imbangela.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nomgomo we-Haemophilus b Conjugate kanye ne-Hepatitis B

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe ukuvikeleka kulomgomo kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukuvikeleka kulomgomo ngokuvamile kuhlala iminyaka eminingi, ngokuvamile kunikeza ukuzivikela impilo yonke ngokuphikisana ne-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b. Nge-Hepatitis B, izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuzivikela kungahlala okungenani iminyaka engama-20-30, futhi ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kube impilo yonke kubantu abaningi.

Isistimu yakho yokuzivikela emzimbeni idala kokubili ama-antibody namaseli enkumbulo akhumbula ukuthi angalwa kanjani nalezi zifo. Noma ngabe amazinga e-antibody ancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isistimu yakho yokuzivikela emzimbeni ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokushesha ama-antibody amasha uma uhlangana nalezi zinhlobo zamagciwane.

Umbuzo 2. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthola eminye imigomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nalona?

Yebo, ungaluthola ngokuphepha lo mgomo kanye neminye imigomo ejwayelekile ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuvakasha. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukunikeza imigomo eminingi ngasikhathi sinye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane zihlala zisesikhathini ngeshejuli yazo yokugoma.

Lapho imigomo eminingi inikezwa ndawonye, ​​inikezwa ezindaweni ezihlukene zokujova ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki futhi kuvumele ukuqapha okufanele kwanoma yiziphi izindlela zokwenza. Le ndlela iphephile futhi ayinciphisi ukusebenza kwanoma yimuphi umgomo ngamunye.

Umbuzo 3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uhlele kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu. Akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge lomgomo lonke, qhubeka nje lapho ugcine khona.

Akukho igebe elikhulu phakathi kwemithamo, ngakho-ke noma ngabe isikhathi esibalulekile sidlulile, usengaqeda uchungechunge lokugoma. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ishejuli engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuvikeleka okugcwele.

Q.4 Ingabe zikhona ukudla noma imisebenzi okufanele ngikugweme ngemva kokugonywa?

Ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nokudla kwakho okuvamile nemisebenzi ngemva kokuthola lo mithi wokugoma. Akukho ukudla okuthile okulinganiselwe noma imikhawulo yomsebenzi kubantu abaningi.

Nokho, kuhle ukugwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima okubandakanya ingalo efakwe umjovo amahora angu-24-48 ukunciphisa ubuhlungu. Hlala unamanzi kahle futhi uthole ukuphumula okwanele ukuze usekele amasosha akho omzimba njengoba esebenza umuthi wokugoma.

Q.5 Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uyasebenza?

Uzoqonda ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uyasebenza ngoba ngeke uthole izifo ze-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b noma i-Hepatitis B uma ubhekene nalezi zifo. Ukusebenza komuthi wokugoma kuboniswa ngokuvimbela izifo ezingeni labantu kunokuba izimpawu zomuntu ngamunye.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakwazi ukukala amazinga ama-antibody uma kudingeka, kodwa lokhu akwenziwa njalo kubantu abanempilo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody ezimweni ezithile, njengabantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezikhubazekile noma labo abasengozini enkulu yokuchayeka.