Yini Umgomo Wokuvikela i-Hepatitis A: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umjovo wokuvikela i-hepatitis A ngumjovo ophephile futhi osebenza kahle kakhulu okuvikela ku-hepatitis A, okuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane esithinta isibindi sakho. Lo mgomo uqukethe igciwane le-hepatitis A elingasebenzi (elibulaliwe) noma igciwane elibuthakathaka eliphilayo eliqeqesha amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe nesifo sangempela uma uke wavezwa kuso.

Ukugonywa ingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuzivikela kanye nabathandekayo bakho kulolu hlobo lwesifo sesibindi esingase sibe sibi. Umgomo usetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka futhi unikeza ukuzivikela isikhathi eside kubantu abaningi.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo Wokuvikela i-Hepatitis A?

Umjovo wokuvikela i-hepatitis A uvimbela ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis A, okubangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi sakho futhi kungakugulisa kakhulu amasonto noma izinyanga. Lo mgomo unconywa ezinganeni, kubantu abadala abahamba baye ezindaweni ezithile, kanye nabantu abasengozini enkulu yokuchayeka.

I-Hepatitis A isakazeka ngokudla okungcolile, amanzi, noma ukusondelana nomuntu onalesi sifo. Umgomo usebenza ngokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi wakhe ukuzivikela ngaphambi kokuthi uhlangane negciwane langempela, ukukunikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile ekuguleni.

Umgomo ubaluleke kakhulu uma uhlela ukuya emazweni lapho i-hepatitis A ivamile khona, usebenza ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, noma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezikubeka engozini enkulu.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo Wokuvikela i-Hepatitis A?

Umjovo wokuvikela i-hepatitis A uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile nothembekile osebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe negciwane le-hepatitis A. Uma uthola umjovo, umzimba wakho ubheka izingxenye zomgomo njengezinto zangaphandle futhi udala ama-antibody aklanyelwe ngqo ukuhlasela i-hepatitis A.

Lawa ma-antibody ahlala emzimbeni wakho iminyaka eminingi, elungele ukubhubhisa ngokushesha noma yiliphi igciwane le-hepatitis A ongase uhlangane nalo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uveza igciwane langempela kamuva, amasosha akho omzimba angaphendula ngokushesha futhi akuvikele ekuguleni.

Abantu abaningi bathuthukisa ukuzivikela ngaphakathi kwamasonto angu-2-4 ngemva komthamo wabo wokuqala, nakuba uzodinga umthamo wesibili ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka kwesikhathi eside okungahlala iminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu.

Ngingawuthatha Kanjani Umgomo We-Hepatitis A?

Umgomo we-hepatitis A unikezwa njengesijovo emsipheni wengalo yakho engenhla ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Awudingi ukuthatha lo mgomo ngokudla noma ngamanzi ngoba unikezwa njengesibhamu, hhayi ngomlomo.

Ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokuthola umgomo. Akukho imikhawulo ekhethekile yokudla, nakuba ukuhlala unamanzi kahle nokudla ukudla okulula ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungase kukusize uzizwe ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho.

Umgomo ngokuvamile unikezwa njengochungechunge lwezibhamu ezimbili. Uzothola umthamo wokuqala, bese ubuyela emuva ukuze uthole umthamo wesibili emva kwezinyanga eziyi-6-12 ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside. Abanye abantu bangase bathole umgomo ohlanganisiwe ovikela kokubili i-hepatitis A ne-B.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Hepatitis A?

Umgomo we-hepatitis A unikezwa njengochungechunge olufushane kunokuba umuthi oqhubekayo. Abantu abaningi badinga imithamo emibili kuphela ehlukaniswe izinyanga eziyi-6-12 ukuze bathole ukuvikeleka kwesikhathi eside.

Ngemva kokuqeda uchungechunge lwemithamo emibili, ngokuvamile uvikelekile okungenani iminyaka engama-20, futhi mhlawumbe impilo yakho yonke. Ngokungafani neminye imithi oyithatha nsuku zonke, lo mgomo unikeza ukuzivikela okuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudinga izibhamu eziqhubekayo.

Ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokuchayeka kwamuva ku-hepatitis A noma izidingo zokuhamba eziphuthumayo, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase ancome isimiso esishintshiwe noma imithamo eyengeziwe.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Hepatitis A?

Abantu abaningi bazizwa imiphumela emincane kuphela evela emgomeni we-hepatitis A, futhi abaningi abanayo imiphumela nhlobo. Umgomo unerekhodi elihle kakhulu lokuphepha, nezimo ezinzima ezingavamile kakhulu.

Nawa amanye amaphutha avamile ongase uwahlangabezane nawo, ukhumbula ukuthi lawa ngokuvamile mancane futhi azixazulula ngokwawo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa:

• Ukuqaqamba, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Umkhuhlane ophansi (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ikhanda elincane
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha emincane
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla

Lezi zimo empeleni ziyizimpawu zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomeni futhi akha ukuvikeleka. Zivela ngokuvamile phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 futhi zinyamalala phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3.

Ngenkathi imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingavamile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukwazi amathuba angavamile adinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ukuqubuka okubanzi)
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ngaphezu kuka-103°F
• Ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo
• Izimpawu zokugula okukhulu okubonakala kungahlobene nokusabela okujwayelekile komgomo

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezinzima, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi ingozi yezinkinga ezinzima ezivela ekuthelelekeni nge-hepatitis A iphezulu kakhulu kunengozi yokusabela okukhulu komgomo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo we-Hepatitis A?

Ngenkathi umgomo we-hepatitis A uphephile kubantu abaningi, kunezimo ezithile lapho kufanele ulinde noma ugweme ukugonywa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi umgomo ukulungele yini.

Akufanele uthole umgomo we-hepatitis A uma unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba emthanjeni wangaphambilini womgomo we-hepatitis A
• Ukungezwani okukhulu okwaziwayo kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo
• Ukugula okuphakathi nendawo kuya kokukhulu ngaphandle noma ngaphandle komkhuhlane
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (kuye ngohlobo lomgomo)

Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwakho nokusebenza kahle komgomo. Uma unomkhuhlane olula noma ukugula okuncane, ngokuvamile usengawuthola umgomo ngokuphepha.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele baxoxe ngomgomo nodokotela wabo, njengoba isinqumo sincike engozini yabo yokuchayeka kanye nezimo zomuntu ngamunye. Umgomo ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengophephe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho izinzuzo zidlula izingozi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo We-Hepatitis A

Izinkampani eziningi zemithi ezithembekile zenza imigomo ye-hepatitis A esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi enezirekhodi ezinhle zokuphepha. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Havrix ne-Vaqta, okuyimigomo eyodwa ye-hepatitis A.

Ungase futhi uthole i-Twinrix, okungumgomo ohlanganisiwe ovikela kokubili i-hepatitis A ne-hepatitis B. Lo mgomo ohlanganisiwe ulungele uma udinga ukuvikelwa kokubili izifo futhi unganciphisa inani eliphelele lezithombe ozidingayo.

Yonke le migomo isebenza kahle futhi iphephile ngokulinganayo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha inketho efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nezidingo zokuvikela.

Ezinye Izindlela Zomgomo We-Hepatitis A

Umgomo we-hepatitis A uyindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis A, futhi akukho ezinye izindlela ezilinganayo ezinikeza izinga elifanayo lokuvikela. Kodwa-ke, zikhona ezinye izindlela ezingacatshangelwa ezimweni ezithile.

Kubantu abangakwazi ukuthola umgomo, i-immune globulin (ama-antibody avela egazini elinikelwe) inganikeza ukuvikelwa kwesikhashana kuze kube izinyanga ezi-3. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuvikelwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuchayeka noma kubantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.

Amaqhinga okuvimbela afana nokuziqeqesha inhlanzeko enhle, ukugwema ukudla namanzi angcolile, nokuba nokuqapha uma uhamba kunganciphisa ingozi yakho kodwa akunikezi ukuvikeleka okuthembekile okunikezwa umgomo. Lezi zinyathelo zisebenza kahle uma zihlanganiswe nomgomo, hhayi njengokuthi zithathe indawo yawo.

Ingabe Umgomo we-Hepatitis A Ungcono Kune-Hepatitis B Vaccine?

Imigomo ye-hepatitis A ne-hepatitis B ivikela ezifweni ezehlukene, ngakho ukuqhathanisa akufani nokuthi uqhathanisa imithi efanayo. Umgomo ngamunye wenzelwe ngqo ukuthi ulwe nesifo esithile futhi usebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni lolo hlobo oluthile lwe-hepatitis.

Umgomo we-Hepatitis A uvimbela ukutheleleka kwesibindi okuvame ukuba okwesikhashana kodwa kungaba kubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Umgomo we-Hepatitis B uvimbela ukutheleleka kwesibindi okuhlukile okungaba okungapheli futhi kuholele ezinkingeni zesikhathi eside njengomonakalo wesibindi noma umdlavuza.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi batusa yomibili imigomo ngoba ivikela ezingozini ezehlukene. Umgomo ohlanganisiwe i-Twinrix ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuvikeleka kuzo zombili izifo ngemijovo embalwa nje, okutholakala abantu abaningi bekulula.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomgomo we-Hepatitis A

Ingabe Umgomo we-Hepatitis A Uphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zesibindi?

Yebo, umgomo we-hepatitis A ngokuvamile uphephile futhi ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanezifo zesibindi. Eqinisweni, ukuba nesifo sesibindi kwenza ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis A kube yingozi enkulu, ngakho ukugonywa kunconywa ngokuqinile.

Abantu abanezimo zesibindi njenge-hepatitis C, i-cirrhosis, noma ezinye izifo zesibindi kufanele ngokuqinisekile baxoxe ngokugonywa kwe-hepatitis A nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo. Umgomo ungasiza ukuvikela isibindi sakho esivele sibuthakathaka ekulimaleni okwengeziwe.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola ngengozi umgomo we-Hepatitis A omningi kakhulu?

Ukwamukela umthamo owengeziwe womuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A ngokuvamile akulimazi, nakuba kungadingekile ukuze kuvikeleke. Uma ngengozi uthola umuthi wokugomela ngaphezu kwalowo onconywayo, ziqaphelele wena uqobo ngemiphumela engemihle ejwayelekile, engase ibonakale kakhulu.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze ubike isimo futhi uthole isiqondiso mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokugoma oluqhubekayo. Bangakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ngabe udinga eminye imithamo eyengeziwe noma ngabe uchungechunge lwakho lokugoma seluqediwe.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo womuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis A?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wesibili womuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A, ungakhathazeki – akudingeki ukuthi uqale uchungechunge kabusha. Vele hlela umthamo wakho wesibili ngokushesha okukhulu, ngisho noma sekudlule isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-6-12 ezinconywayo.

Umthamo wokuqala unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kwesikhashana, futhi ukuthola umthamo wesibili sekwephuzile kusahlinzeka ngokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu kwesikhathi eside. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi uthole isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqeda uchungechunge lwakho lokugoma.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis A?

Ngemuva kokuqeda uchungechunge lwemithamo emibili yomuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A, ngokuvamile uvikelekile okungenani iminyaka engama-20 futhi mhlawumbe impilo yakho yonke. Iziqondiso zamanje azincomi imijovo yokuthuthukisa ejwayelekile kubantu abanempilo abaqede uchungechunge lokugoma olujwayelekile.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase ancome imithamo eyengeziwe kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokuthi uma unesimiso somzimba esivikelekile esibuthakathaka kakhulu noma uma ucwaningo oluzayo lubonisa ukuthi imijovo yokuthuthukisa iba yimpoqo.

Ngingawuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis A uma ngikhulelwe noma ngincelisa?

Umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengophephe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho izinzuzo zidlula izingozi. Uma ukhulelwe futhi usengozini enkulu yokuchayeka ku-hepatitis A, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo cishe uzoncoma ukugoma.

Umjovo wokugoma futhi uphephile ngenkathi encelisa futhi ngeke umlimaze umntanakho. Eqinisweni, uma uncelisa futhi ugonywa, ungase udlulisele amanye amasosha omzimba okuvikelayo enganeni yakho ngobisi lwebele, ubanikeze ukuvikeleka okwesikhashana.