Yini Umgomo Wokugomela i-Hepatitis B (Recombinant, Adjuvanted): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umjovo wokugomela i-hepatitis B ukugonywa okuphephile futhi okuphumelela kakhulu okukuvikelayo ekuthelelekeni ngegciwane le-hepatitis B. Lolu hlobo oluthile luwumgomo we-recombinant, okusho ukuthi wenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje be-biotechnology kunegciwane eliphilayo, futhi liyathuthukiswa ukuze lithuthukise impendulo yakho yomzimba yokuzivikela. Umgomo unikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wakho futhi ubelokhu uvikela abantu emhlabeni wonke amashumi eminyaka.

Yini Umgomo Wokugomela i-Hepatitis B (Recombinant, Adjuvanted)?

Lo mgomo uyinguqulo eyenziwe e-laboratory yeprotheni etholakala ebusweni begciwane le-hepatitis B. Igama elithi "recombinant" lisho ukuthi ososayensi basebenzisa amasu akhethekile ukudala le protein ngaphandle kokusebenzisa igciwane langempela, okwenza liphephe ngokuphelele. Ingxenye ethi "adjuvanted" ibhekisela ezithakweni ezingeziwe ezisiza uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela ukuthi luphendule ngokuqinile emgomweni.

Umgomo ufundisa uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela ukuthi luqaphele futhi lulwe negciwane le-hepatitis B ngaphambi kokuthi uhlangane nalo ngokwemvelo. Cabanga ngakho njengokunikeza umzimba wakho iseshini yokuzijwayeza ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma igciwane langempela livela. Lokhu kulungiselela kungavimbela ukulimala kwesibindi okukhulu, okuhlanganisa i-cirrhosis nomdlavuza wesibindi i-hepatitis B engawubangela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo Wokugomela i-Hepatitis B?

Inhloso eyinhloko yalo mgomo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis B, isifo sesibindi esibi esingaba esingapheli futhi esisongela impilo. I-Hepatitis B isakazeka ngokuthintana negazi elinobuthi kanye noketshezi lomzimba, okwenza amaqembu athile abantu abe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.

Abasebenzi bezempilo bathola lo mgomo ngoba bangase bahlangane negazi elinobuthi ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabo. Umgomo futhi uvikela izinsana ezizalwa omama abane-hepatitis B, abantu abanabalingani abaningi bobulili, nalabo abajova izidakamizwa. Ukwengeza, noma ubani ohamba ezindaweni lapho i-hepatitis B ivamile kufanele acabangele ukugonywa.

Abantu abanezimo ezingamahlala-khona njengesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, noma i-HIV bavame ukudinga lo mithi yokugoma ngoba amasosha abo omzimba angase angalwi nezifo ngempumelelo. Lo mithi yokugoma iphinde inconywe kunoma ngubani ohlala nomuntu one-hepatitis B.

Isebenza Kanjani Imithi Yokugoma ye-Hepatitis B?

Lo mithi wokugoma usebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele igciwane le-hepatitis B njengosongo. Uma uthola umjovo, umzimba wakho ubona amaprotheni omuthi wokugoma bese uqala ukukhiqiza ama-antibody aklanyelwe ngqo ukulwa ne-hepatitis B. Lawa ma-antibody ahlala emzimbeni wakho, elungele ukuphendula uma uke wavezwa yigciwane langempela.

I-adjuvant ekulo mithi yokugoma isebenza njengesistimu ye-alamu elula, ixwayisa amaseli akho omzimba ukuthi anake kakhulu umuthi wokugoma. Lokhu kusiza ekudaleni impendulo yomzimba eqinile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside. Umuthi wokugoma uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela, okusho ukuthi unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu ngenkathi uthambile ngokwanele ukuthi abantu abaningi bawuthole kahle.

Umzimba wakho ngokuvamile uthatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamane ngemva komthamo wokugcina ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okuphelele. Ukuzivikela ngokuvamile kuhlala iminyaka eminingi, futhi abanye abantu bangase babe nokuvikeleka impilo yonke ngemva kokuqeda uchungechunge lomuthi wokugoma.

Kufanele Ngithathe Kanjani Umuthi Wokugoma we-Hepatitis B?

Uzothola lo mithi wokugoma njengomjovo emsipheni wengalo yakho engenhla, onikezwa umhlinzeki wezempilo endaweni yezokwelapha. Umuthi wokugoma uza njengochungechunge lwemijovo, ngokuvamile enikezwa ezinyangeni eziningana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka okuphelele. Abantu abaningi badinga imithamo emithathu, nakuba abanye bengase badinge emibili kuphela kuye ngohlobo lomuthi wokugoma oluthile kanye neminyaka yakho.

Akudingeki ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma, futhi ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngemva kwalokho. Nokho, kuhle ukuhlala unamanzi kahle futhi ugweme utshwala amahora angu-24 ngemva kokugonywa, njengoba lokhu kungasiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenze umuthi wokugoma ngempumelelo.

Uma uzizwa ungaphilile ngomkhuhlane noma ukugula okuphakathi nendawo kuya kokukhulu, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase asikisele ukuthi ulinde uze uzizwe ungcono ngaphambi kokuba uthole umgomo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba angaphendula ngendlela efanele emgomeni.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Hepatitis B?

Uchungechunge lomgomo we-hepatitis B ngokuvamile luqedwa ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, nakuba isikhathi esiqondile sincike ekutheni yiluphi uhlelo lomgomo olutuswa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Uhlelo oluvamile luhlanganisa imijovo ngeminyaka engu-0, 1, kanye no-6, okusho ukuthi uthola umthamo wokuqala, bese uthola umthamo wesibili ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa, kanye nomthamo wokugcina ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kusukela kowokuqala.

Abanye abantu bangase balandele uhlelo olusheshisiwe ngemithamo engu-0, 1, kanye nezinyanga ezi-2, kulandelwe i-booster ezinyangeni eziyi-12. Lolu hlelo olusheshayo luvame ukusetshenziswa kubantu abadinga ukuvikelwa ngokushesha, njengabasebenzi bezempilo noma abahambi.

Uma usuqedile uchungechunge, ngokuvamile awudingi imithamo eyengeziwe iminyaka eminingi. Abantu abaningi bathuthukisa ukuzivikela isikhathi eside, nakuba abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nabantu abanezinkinga zokuzivikela emzimbeni bangase badinge ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze bahlole amazinga abo ama-antibody ngezikhathi ezithile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Hepatitis B?

Abantu abaningi bathola kuphela imiphumela emincane eceleni emgomeni we-hepatitis B, futhi ukusabela okukhulu akuvamile. Imiphumela eminingi eceleni ivela endaweni yokujova futhi ngokuvamile ixazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Nansi imiphumela eceleni ongase uyithole, iqala ngaleyo evamile kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Umkhuhlane omncane noma ukuzizwa ungaphilile kancane
• Ikhanda noma ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu noma ukuphazamiseka okuncane kokugaya
• Ukulimala kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu bamalunga

Lezi zindlela ezivamile empeleni ziyizimpawu zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomeni, okuyilokho kanye esifuna ukuthi kwenzeke.

Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane nemiphumela emibi ebonakalayo engase isingabi yingozi:

• Umkhuhlane olula ohlala izinsuku eziyi-1-2
• Amanodi e-lymph avuvukele eduze nendawo yokujova
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhashana noma ukulunywa
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa uphelelwa amandla

Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba emithini kuyivelakancane, kwenzeka ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esisodwa kwizigidi eziyodwa zemithamo. Izimpawu zokuphendula okukhulu zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, noma ukuqubuka okusabalale ngemizuzu ngemva kokugonywa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Nakuba umgomo we-hepatitis B uphephile kubantu abaningi, abantu abathile kufanele bawugweme noma balinde ngaphambi kokugonywa. Uma uke waba nokuphendula okukhulu komzimba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo noma kumthamo wangaphambilini, akufanele uthole lo mgomo.

Abantu abagulayo ngokulingene noma ngokuqinile kufanele bakuhlehlise ukugonywa kuze kube yilapho belulama. Lokhu kuhlanganisa noma ubani onomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C) noma izimpawu ezibalulekile njengokuhlanza okuqhubekayo noma ukukhathala okukhulu. Uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela lusebenza kahle uma uzizwa kahle.

Uma ukhulelwe, ungafunda ukuthola umgomo we-hepatitis B ngokuphepha uma usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka. Umgomo ubhekwa njengophephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi empeleni ungangavikela wena nomntwana wakho. Nokho, njalo xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala.

Abantu abanezifo ezithile zohlelo lomzimba lokuzivikela emzimbeni bangase badinge ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Nakuba ngokuvamile bengawuthola umgomo, bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe noma ukuqapha ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bathuthukisa ukuvikeleka okwanele.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo we-Hepatitis B

Izinkampani eziningana zemithi zenza imigomo ye-hepatitis B, futhi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha okufanele kakhulu kuwe. Amagama ajwayelekile omkhiqizo ahlanganisa i-Engerix-B, i-Recombivax HB, ne-Heplisav-B, ngalinye linokwakheka okuhlukile kanye namashadi okulinganisa.

I-Heplisav-B yinguqulo enezithasiselo ezidinga imithamo emibili kuphela esikhundleni semithathu, okwenza kube lula kubantu abadala abadinga ukuvikeleka okusheshayo. I-Engerix-B ne-Recombivax HB yimithi yokugomela yendabuko enemithamo emithathu esetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka.

Yonke le mithi yokugomela inikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu ku-hepatitis B, ngakho akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo olutholayo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nomugqa wesikhathi wokugoma.

Ezinye izindlela zokugoma i-Hepatitis B

Njengamanje, azikho ezinye izindlela zokugoma ezivikela ku-hepatitis B, njengoba lolu wuhlobo olulodwa kuphela lokugoma olutholakala ngaleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, imithi yokugoma ehlanganisiwe ikhona evikela ku-hepatitis B kanye nezinye izifo ngomjovo owodwa.

I-Twinrix ngumuthi wokugoma ohlanganisiwe ovikela ku-hepatitis A kanye ne-hepatitis B, okwenza kube lula kubahambi noma abantu abasengozini yokuthola zombili lezi zifo. I-Pediarix ihlanganisa i-hepatitis B nemithi yokugoma yezingane eminingi, okunciphisa inani lemijovo elidingwa yizingane.

Uma ungenakukwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis B ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba noma ezinye izizathu zezokwelapha, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase ancome i-hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) uma uvelele igciwane. Lokhu kunikeza ukuvikeleka kwesikhashana kodwa akudali ukuzivikela okuhlala njengoba kwenza umuthi wokugoma.

Ingabe umuthi wokugoma i-Hepatitis B ungcono kunomuthi wokugoma i-Hepatitis A?

Imithi yokugoma i-Hepatitis B ne-hepatitis A ivikela ezigcawini ezihlukene, ngakho ukuqhathanisa akufani nokuqhathanisa ama-apula nama-apula. Umuthi ngamunye wokugoma wenzelwe ngqo igciwane lawo eliqondiwe futhi unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu kulolo bhubhane oluthile.

Umuthi wokugoma i-Hepatitis B uvimbela ukutheleleka okungathi sína, okungaba okungapheli okungaholela emdlalweni wesibindi kanye ne-cirrhosis ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umuthi wokugoma i-Hepatitis A uvimbela ukutheleleka kwesikhathi esifushane okungavamile ukubangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside kodwa kungakugulisa kakhulu amasonto amaningi.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi batusa imigomo yomibili kubantu abasengozini, njengoba ivikela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezifo zesibindi. Umgomo ohlanganisiwe i-Twinrix unganikela ngesivikelo kuzo zombili izinhlobo zamagciwane uma udinga ukugonywa kokubili i-hepatitis A ne-B.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomgomo we-Hepatitis B

Ingabe Umgomo we-Hepatitis B Uphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Yebo, umgomo we-hepatitis B awuphephile nje kuphela kubantu abanesifo sikashukela kodwa empeleni utuswa ngokuqinile. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinzima ezivela ekuthelelekeni nge-hepatitis B, okwenza ukugonywa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni impilo yakho.

Amazinga akho kashukela egazini akufanele athintwe kakhulu ngumgomo, nakuba abanye abantu beqaphela izinguquko ezincane usuku noma ezimbili ngemva kokugonywa. Qhubeka nokubheka ushukela wakho wegazi njengenjwayelo, futhi xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izindlela ezingakhathazi.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngithola Umgomo we-Hepatitis B omningi ngengozi?

Ukuthola umthamo owengeziwe womgomo we-hepatitis B ngengozi akuyona ingozi, nakuba kungadingekile futhi. Umzimba wakho uzomane nje uqhubeke nezinto ezengeziwe zomgomo ngaphandle kokulimala, futhi ngeke udinge noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze abazise ngomthamo owengeziwe ukuze bakwazi ukubuyekeza amarekhodi akho okugoma. Bangase balungise uhlelo lwakho olusele lokugoma kancane, kodwa lesi simo asibeki noma yiziphi izingozi zempilo kuwe.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngedlula Umthamo Womgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Uma udlula umthamo ohleliwe womgomo we-hepatitis B, ungakhathazeki - ungafaka kalula umthamo owuphuthelwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge lonke, ngisho noma sekudlule izinyanga ngomthamo wakho wokugcina.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uhlele umthamo ongawutholanga futhi nixoxe ngokuthi kufanele uthole nini imijovo yakho eseleyo. Uchungechunge lomgomo luhlala lusebenza ngisho nangemva kokuphuma isikhathi eside phakathi kwemithamo, ngakho-ke usazoqala ukuthola ukuvikeleka okuhle uma usuqede yonke imijovo edingekayo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha umgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Ungacabangela ukuthi ukugonywa kwakho i-hepatitis B kuqediwe uma usuqede uchungechunge lwemijovo olutuswayo, oluvame ukuba imithamo emibili noma emithathu ngokuya ngohlobo lomgomo. Abantu abaningi abadingi imithamo eyengeziwe ngemuva kokuqeda uchungechunge lokuqala.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abathile bangase badinge imijovo eyengeziwe noma izivivinyo zegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze bahlole amazinga abo ama-antibody. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abasebenzi bezempilo, abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezikhubazekile, nalabo abenza i-dialysis. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokwazisa uma ungena esigabeni esidinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo.

Ngingathola yini eminye imigomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nomgomo we-Hepatitis B?

Yebo, ungaqoka ngokuphepha eminye imigomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nomgomo we-hepatitis B. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukunikeza imigomo eminingi ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuvakasha, besebenzisa izindawo ezihlukene zokujova ukuze bagweme noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwemigomo.

Le ndlela ayiphephile kuphela kodwa futhi ilula, ikusiza ukuthi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva ngazo zonke izivikelo zakho ezituswayo. Uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela lungakwazi ukusabela emigomweni eminingi ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokwehla kokusebenza.