Yini i-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride iyisixazululo sezokwelapha esinikezwa nge-IV ukusiza ukubuyisela ivolumu yegazi lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwe uketshezi oluningi kakhulu. Lo muthi uhlanganisa i-hetastarch, i-plasma expander eyenziwe ngamachiza, ne-sodium chloride (amanzi anosawoti) ukudala isixazululo esihlala emithanjeni yakho yegazi isikhathi eside kunesaline ejwayelekile.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo ngokuvamile basebenzisa lo muthi ezibhedlela ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuhlinzwa, noma lapho iziguli zilahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi ngenxa yezimo ezinjengokopha noma ukushaqeka. Isebenza njengendlela yokufaka esikhundleni sevolumu yegazi elahlekile ngenkathi umzimba wakho ululama noma uthola ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Yini i-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride iyisixazululo esicacile, esingenazinzwa esiqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ezisebenza ndawonye. Ingxenye ye-hetastarch iyimolekyuli enkulu eyenziwe ngesitashi esenza njengesiponji emjondolo wakho wegazi, okusiza ukudonsa uketshezi emithanjeni yakho yegazi futhi ilugcine lapho.

Ingxenye ye-sodium chloride inikeza usawoti obalulekile umzimba wakho owudingayo ukuze usebenze kahle. Uma ihlanganisiwe, lezi zithako zenza lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi “i-plasma volume expander” ngoba yandisa inani loketshezi elijikelezayo emithanjeni yakho yegazi.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-colloids, ahlukile ezixazululweni zamanzi anosawoti alula. Ngokungafani noketshezi olujwayelekile lwe-IV olushiya ngokushesha umjondolo wakho wegazi, i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ihlala ekujikelezeni kwakho amahora amaningana, okwenza isebenze kahle ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha.

Isetshenziselwa Ukuthini i-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Odokotela ngokuyinhloko basebenzisa i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ukwelapha i-hypovolemia, okusho ukuthi umzimba wakho awunawo uketshezi olwanele emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukopha okukhulu, ukusha, noma ezinye izimo lapho ulahlekelwa khona inani elikhulu legazi noma uketshezi.

Umuthi usiza ukubuyisela umfutho wegazi lakho futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi izitho zakho zithola ukuhamba kwegazi okwanele. Iwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho iziguli zidinga ukufakwa kwamanzi ngokushesha kodwa imikhiqizo yegazi ingatholakali ngokushesha noma ingafanele.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko lapho abahlinzeki bezempilo bangasebenzisa lo muthi:

• Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kokushaqeka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu ukuze kulondolozwe umfutho wegazi
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu okungaphenduli uketshezi olujwayelekile lwe-IV
• Ukusha okumboza izindawo ezinkulu zomzimba
• Ezinye izinqubo zezinso lapho ukuhamba kwegazi kudinga ukusekelwa

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi lo muthi ulungile yini esimweni sakho esithile. Bacabangela izinto ezinjengempilo yakho yonke, ukusebenza kwezinso, nobukhulu besimo sakho.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride isebenza ngokwandisa inani loketshezi emithanjeni yakho yegazi futhi isize ukuthi lokho ketshezi luhlale lapho isikhathi eside. Ama-molecule e-hetastarch makhulu kakhulu ukuthi angadluli kalula ezindongeni zemithambo yakho yegazi, ngakho adalela lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi "ingcindezi ye-oncotic."

Le ngcindezi isebenza njengozibuthe, idonsa uketshezi ezicutshini zakho lubuyele emgudwini wakho wegazi futhi iluvimbela ukuthi lungachitheki. Cabanga ngakho njengokunikeza imithambo yakho yegazi amandla amaningi okubambelela eketshezini elidingayo.

Umuthi uthathwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela uma uqhathaniswa nokunye uketshezi lwe-IV. Ngenkathi izixazululo ezijwayelekile ze-saline zisebenza ngokushesha kodwa azihlali isikhathi eside, i-hetastarch-sodium chloride inikeza ukusekelwa kwevolumu okuhlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ayinamandla njengabanye abanwebi be-plasma, okuyenza ibe yinketho ephakathi nendawo ezimweni eziningi.

Umzimba wakho uqhubeka uhlakaza ama-molecule e-hetastarch emahoreni amaningana kuya ezinsukwini. Izinso zakho zihlunga izingcezu ezincane, kuyilapho ama-molecule amakhulu angase ahlale ohlelweni lwakho isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi aqedwe.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Ngeke uzithathele wena i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ngoba inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo nge-IV esibhedlela noma endaweni yezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizofaka ishubhu elincanyana emthanjeni wakho bese lifaka imithi ngokuqhubekayo ngqo egazini lakho.

Izinga lokufakwa kuncike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha esithile nokuthi ngokushesha kangakanani udinga ukushintshwa kwevolumu. Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo bazokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi sonke senqubo, behlola umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile.

Njengoba le mithi inikezwa ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuyithatha nokudla noma amanzi. Kodwa-ke, ithimba lakho lezempilo lingase lilungise imithi yakho ejwayelekile noma uhlelo lokudla olususelwe ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa olujwayelekile.

Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazophinda baqaphe ibhalansi yakho yamanzi ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inani elifanele. Bangase bahlole umsebenzi wakho wegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kahle ekwelashweni.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride ivame ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo noma inqubo yezokwelapha. Iziguli eziningi ziyayithola amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kuye ngokuthi isimo sazo sithuthuka ngokushesha kangakanani.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoyeka imithi uma ivolumu yakho yegazi izinzile futhi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukugcina amazinga afanele amanzi uwedwa. Bangase bakushintshele kwezinye izinhlobo zamanzi e-IV noma imithi yomlomo njengoba ululama.

Ubude besikhathi sincike ezintweni eziningana ezihlanganisa ubunzima besimo sakho, ukuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni, nokuthi ngabe uthola imiphumela emibi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlola ngokuqhubekayo ukuthi usayidinga yini le mithi.

Ezinye iziguli zingase zidinge imithamo ephindaphindiwe uma zilahlekelwa uketshezi oluqhubekayo, kodwa odokotela bazama ukukhawulela inani eliphelele olilitholayo ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yemiphumela emibi.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi ye-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha eduze nganoma yiziphi izindlela ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile ithambile futhi ivame ukuhlobana nenqubo ye-IV infusion ngokwayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyaxazululeka ngokushesha futhi akudingi ukumisa umuthi.

Imiphumela emibi evamile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ukulunywa okuncane noma ukucasuka kwesikhumba
• Ukuvuvukala okuncane endaweni ye-IV
• Ushintsho lwesikhashana emfuthe yegazi
• Ikhanda elincane
• Umuzwa wokugcwala noma ukuqunjelwa

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína kodwa engavamile ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo emikhulu noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqaphela lokhu ngokucophelela futhi lizothatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba okunzima ngokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala
• Ushintsho olukhulu ekushayeni kwenhliziyo
• Ukwakheka okweqile koketshezi emaphapheni
• Izinkinga zokopha noma ukulimala okungavamile
• Izinkinga ezinzima zezinso

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebalulekile engavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngemithamo ephezulu noma ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe komuthi.

Izinkinga ezingavamile zingahlanganisa:

• Ukuphazamisa izindlela zokujiya kwegazi
• Ukuqongelela kwe-hetastarch ezicutshini
• Ukulunywa okukhulu okuqhubeka amasonto noma izinyanga
• Umonakalo wezinso kubantu abasengozini
• Ukuphazamisa izivivinyo ezithile zegazi

Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo bahlola ngokucophelela lezi zingozi uma ziqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa lo muthi esimweni sakho esithile. Bazoxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nawe futhi balungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Abantu abathile akufanele bathole i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ngoba ingase yenze isimo sabo sibe sibi kakhulu noma ibangele imiphumela emibi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuqhubekisa lo muthi ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekunqwabelaneni emzimbeni. Ngokufanayo, labo abahlushwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu kungenzeka bangakwazi ukubhekana nevolumu eyengeziwe yoketshezi.

Izimo ezivame ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-hetastarch-sodium chloride zihlanganisa:

• Isifo esinzima sezinso noma ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu ngokweqile kwamanzi
• Ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-hetastarch noma imikhiqizo ethathwe emabeleni
• Izifo ezinzima zokuphuma kwegazi
• Isifo esinzima sesibindi
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungaphakathi ekhanda

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma unezinye izimo ezithile. Bangase basebenzise umuthi kodwa ngokuqapha okuseduze futhi mhlawumbe ngemithamo elungisiwe.

Izimo ezidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga eziphakathi nendawo zezinso
• Umlando wokungezwani komzimba emithini ye-IV
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa
• Ubudala obudala (ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65)
• Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini noma izinqubo zezokwelapha
• Ukuphuza imithi yokunciphisa igazi

Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula yini izingozi esimweni sakho esithile.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi emikhiqizo, nakuba inguqulo ejwayelekile isetshenziswa kakhulu ezibhedlela eziningi. Igama lomkhiqizo elaziwa kakhulu yi-Hespan, esetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi.

Amanye amagama emikhiqizo ongahlangana nawo afaka i-Hextend, nakuba le fomula iqukethe ezinye izithako ezinjenge-calcium ne-magnesium. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokhetha inguqulo efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile zezokwelapha.

Ezinye izibhedlela zingase zisebenzise izinguqulo ezijwayelekile ze-hetastarch-sodium chloride ezingenawo igama lomkhiqizo elithile. Lezi zinhlobo ezijwayelekile ziqukethe izithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo ezinemikhiqizo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingahlinzeka ngemiphumela efanayo yokwanda kwevolumu lapho i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ingafaneleki noma ingatholakali. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile sezokwelapha nezidingo.

I-Albumin ivame ukuthathwa njengezinga legolide lokwanda kwevolumu, nakuba ibiza kakhulu futhi itholakala emikhiqizweni yegazi lomuntu. Isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-hetastarch kodwa inohlu oluhlukile lwemiphumela emibi.

Ezinye izindlela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha elingazicabangela zifaka:

• Izixazululo ze-albumin yomuntu
• Ezinye izinto ezenziwe ngamakholoyidi njenge-dextran
• Izixazululo ze-Crystalloid njenge-normal saline noma i-lactated Ringer's
• Izandisi ze-plasma ezisekelwe ku-Gelatin
• I-plasma eqandisiwe entsha ezimweni ezithile

Ukukhetha enye indlela kuncike ezintweni ezinjengesimo sakho sezokwelapha, ukutholakala komkhiqizo, ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko, kanye nezici zakho eziyingozi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokwenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride ingcono kune-Albumin?

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride ne-albumin zombili zisebenza njengezandisi zevolumu, kodwa zinezinzuzo nezinto ezingezinhle ezihlukene. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye; ukukhetha kuncike esimweni sakho esithile sezokwelapha.

I-Hetastarch-sodium chloride ngokuvamile ibiza kancane futhi itholakala kalula kune-albumin. Futhi inikeza ukwanda kwevolumu okusebenzayo futhi ihlala egazini lakho amahora amaningana, okwenza kube usizo ezimweni eziphuthumayo eziningi.

Kodwa-ke, i-albumin itholakala egazini lomuntu futhi ithathwa njenge

Ngeke wamukele ngokungenhloso i-hetastarch-sodium chloride eningi ngoba inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe abaqapha ngokucophelela inani olilitholayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala okungavamile, tshela ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha.

Uma kwenzeka ukugcwala kwamanzi, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linganciphisa noma lime ukufakwa futhi lingakunika imithi yokusiza ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni wakho. Banamaphrothokholi endaweni yokulawula lezi zimo ngokuphepha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Njengoba i-hetastarch-sodium chloride inikezwa ochwepheshe bezempilo ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, ngeke uphuthelwe imithamo ngomqondo wendabuko. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilawula isimiso sakho sokwelashwa futhi lizolungisa isikhathi uma kudingeka ngokuya ngesimo sakho.

Uma ukwelashwa kwakho kuphazamiseka nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola ukuthi usayidinga yini imithi futhi liyiqale kabusha uma kufanelekile. Bazocabangela ukuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni nokuthi ngabe isimo sakho sithuthukile yini.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride?

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizinqumela ukuthi lingayeka nini i-hetastarch-sodium chloride ngokusekelwe ekuqhubekeleni phambili kokululama kwakho nokuzinza. Bazogada umfutho wakho wegazi, ibhalansi yoketshezi, kanye nesimo esiphelele ukunquma ukuthi uyayidinga nini ukusekelwa kwevolumu.

Iziguli eziningi ziyeka ukuthola lo muthi uma ivolumu yegazi labo izinzile futhi umzimba wabo ukwazi ukugcina amazinga oketshezi afanele ngokuzimela. Lokhu kungenzeka kungakapheli amahora ambalwa noma kungathatha izinsuku eziningana, kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe I-Hetastarch-Sodium Chloride Ingadala Izinkinga Zesikhathi Eside?

Abantu abaningi abathola i-hetastarch-sodium chloride isikhathi esifushane ababi nazinkinga zesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise ukulunywa okuqhubekayo okungahlala amasonto noma izinyanga ngemuva kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu noma ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqapha imiphumela engaba khona yesikhathi eside futhi lizoxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nawe. Balinganisa izinzuzo ezisheshayo zokwelapha isimo sakho esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ngokumelene nalezi zingozi ezingaba khona lapho benquma ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.